• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.546-551
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• 2006

It considered the population decrease and becoming older in age of the Rural area and operates by unmaned-non power which self-controlled gate developed. The operational principal used a buoyancy and when water level in the canal arrived to the set water level, in order for gate to be opened. The plate in order to fix to the shape in the canal which begs, it did in the quadrilateral and the rainfall it is sour intensively, canal bank comfort plate in order to ascend completely, it designed. The result which establishes Self-controlled gate, the gate upstream 1km until degree there was water level synergistic effect. It developed 4 as the research project and it established in Ah San city, and it establishes the Self-controlled gate of $B3.2m{\times}H2.4m$ size in Damyang and 100ha it does water supply in the rice field.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.393-399
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• 2009

The water of rivers and lakes are affecting by point and nonpoint source pollutions. The point source pollution can be controlled by establishing the treatment plants. However, nonpoint source pollution by various human activities is not easy to be controlled because it is difficult to determine the exits of the water flow and have many exit points. Due to contribution of nonpoint source pollution, the achievement ratio of water quality in rivers and lakes is not high. TMDL is the outstanding water quality control policy because all of the pollutant loadings from the watershed area are counting on the input loads. Our aqua-ecosystem has self-purification process by biological, physical and ecological processes. The self-purification process can remove the pollutant load from background concentrations. Usually forest area is main source of background concentrations. In Korea, about 70% of the national boundary area consists of mountains. This study is conducting as part of long-term monitoring to determine the Event Mean Concentration during a storm. The monitoring was performed on a broad-leaved tree area.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.37-44
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• 2011

This paper summarizes the HVO concept and procedures, presents a summary of the research and results, and outlines areas where future HVO is required. This concept enables people to get their destinations through shortest paths with advanced air traffic control system and equipments. The concept's key feature is that pilots maintain their own separation from other aircraft using air-to-air datalink and on-board software which are needed for supporting flight information present on the high Way in the sky display and airborne internet. By assigning Self-Controlled Area which assume pilot have separation responsibility, controllers evaluated SATS HVO concept as a successful method on the view of reduced workload and increased traffic level on high volume operation.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.59 no.5
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• pp.1005-1009
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• 2010

This paper presents a digitally-controlled filter calibration technique for biquad RC filter using self oscillation. The biquad RC filter is converted to a fully-differential ring oscillator by changing its resistor connections, where the oscillation frequency reflects the cut-off frequency. The proposed calibration circuit measures the oscillation frequency by counting with a fixed higher-frequency clock and then tunes it to a desired frequency with a digital frequency-locked loop including a PI controller. Because the proposed circuit directly measures the cut-off frequency of the filter itself and calibrates it with the small area digital circuits, the area and the power consumption are much small compared with conventional works. When it is implemented in a 65nm CMOS process, the calibration circuit except the filter consumes the area of 80um X 50um and power consumption is 443uA at 1.2 V supply voltage.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.9-10
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• 2005

We report on the fabrication and characterization of self- and artificially-controlled ZnO nanostructures have been investigated to establish nanostructure blocks for ZnO-based nanoscale device application. Systematic realization of self- and artificially-controlled ZnO nanostructures on $SiO_2/Si$ substrates was proposed and successfully demonstrated utilizing metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) in addition with a focused ion beam (FIB) technique. Widely well-aligned two-dimensional ZnO nanodot arrays ($4{\sim}10^4$ nanodots of 130-nm diameter and 9-nm height over $150{\sim}150{\mu}m^2$ with a period of 750 nm) have been realized by MOCVD on $SiO_2/Si$ substrates patterned by FIB. A low-magnification FIB nanopatterning mode allowed the periodical nanopatterning of the substrates over a large area in a short processing time. Ga atoms incorporated into the surface areas of FIB-patterned nanoholes during FIB engraving were found to play an important role in the artificial control of ZnO, resulting in the production of ZnO nanodot arrays on the FIB-nanopatterned areas. The nanodots evolved into dot clusters and rods with increasing MOCVD growth time.

• Proceedings of the Polymer Society of Korea Conference
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• 2006.10a
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• pp.188-188
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• 2006

We demonstrate two very simple and fast routes to fabricating ordered micro/nanopatterns of polymers over large areas on various substrates using controlled dewetting. The first method is based on utilizing microimprinting to induce the local thickness variation of an initially inverted bilayer which allows the controlled dewetting and partial layer inversion upon subsequent thermal annealing. In the second method, the self assembly of block copolymer was controlled on a chemically micropatterned surface produced by microcontact printing, being combined with its solvent vapor treatment. The kinetically driven, non-lithographical nanopattern structures were easily fabricated over large area by these approaches.

• Proceedings of the Materials Research Society of Korea Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.8.2-8.2
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• 2011

This talk demonstrates diverse patterned structures utilizing in-situ self-organization and phase separation of the materials into an ordered fashion. The patterned structures in this talk include electrospun nanofibers and electrosprayed microparticles embedding small particles. The positions of the small particles are in-situ controlled during the electrohydrodynamic process by the interaction with the polymer matrix. Another topic of the talk includes selective deposition of spin-coated materials on a corrugated surface that was prepared by buckling of polymer thin films. Solution are strong tendency to be positioned in the trench area of the surface, which facilitates the fabrication of micropatterns of diverse materials.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.21-32
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• 2018

Purpose: This study attempted to identify regional disparities of self-rated health among Korean wage workers and to investigate the influencing factors on them. Methods: The study subjects were 25,069 workers in 16 regions who were extracted from the 2014 Korean Working Condition Survey (KWCS). A multilevel analysis was conducted by building hierarchical data at individual and regional level. Results: In this study, 'financial autonomy rate' and 'current smoking rate' were identified as regional factors influencing the workers' self-rated health. When the socio-demographic and occupational factors of the workers were controlled, 'current smoking rate', a health policy factor, explained the regional disparity of workers' health status. Conclusion: We found that the health status of workers can be affected by the health behavior level of the whole population in their residential area. In order to improve the health status of working population and to alleviate their regional health inequalities, it is necessary to strengthen macro and structural level interventions.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.402-413
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• 1997

A CMOS device which has an extended heavily-doped amorphous silicon source/drain layer on the field oxide and an amorphous silicon local interconnection (ASLI) layer in the self-aligned source/drain region has been studied. The ASLI layer has some important roles of the local interconnections from the extended source/drain to the bulk source/drain and the path of the dopant diffusion sources to the bulk. The junction depth and the area of the source/drain can be controlled easily by the ASLI layer thickness. The device in this paper not only has very small area of source/drain junctions, but has very shallow junction depths than those of the conventional CMOS device. An operating speed, however, is enhanced significantly compared with the conventional ones, because the junction capacitance of the source/drain is reduced remarkably due to the very small area of source/drain junctions. For a 71-stage unloaded CMOS ring oscillator, 128 ps/gate has been obtained at power supply voltage of 3.3V. Utilizing this proposed structure, a buried channel PMOS device for the deep submicron regime, known to be difficult to implement, can be fabricated easily.

• The Korean Journal of Elementary Counseling
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.151-166
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• 2005

The purpose of the study was to find the effect of play-using assertion training program on elementary school children's self-expression, interpersonal relationship and self-efficacy. For the purpose of the study, the researcher sets hypotheses as follows. Hypothesis I : The play-using assertion training program has significant effect in elementary school children's self-expression. Hypothesis II : The play-using assertion training program has significant effect on elementary school children's interpersonal relationship. Hypothesis III: The play-using assertion training program has significant effect on elementary school children's self-efficacy. To verify these hypotheses, the researcher selected 10 students of 4th grade in C elementary school as a experimental group, and 11 students of 4th grade in O elementary school as a controlled group. Both schools are located at Boryoung, Chungnam. In the experimental group, the researcher administered the play-using assertion training program once a week for ten weeks. The play-using assertion training program are made by the researcher based on Jeon(1985) and Byoun and Kim(1980). To measure self-expression, the scale of self-expression made by Byoun & Kim(1980) was used. To measure interpersonal relationship, the scale of relationship change made by Schlin and Guerney(1971) was used. The scale was translated by Lee and Moon(1980). To measure self-efficacy, the scale of self-efficacy made by Han(2002) was used. The scale is based on Kim and Cha(1996) and Kim(1997). The result of the study is that the play-using assertion training program gives positive effects on students' self-expression, especially in physical area. Second, the play-using assertion training program gives positive effects on students' interpersonal relationship, especially in satisfaction, communication and friendliness. Third, the play-using assertion training program generally does not give positive effects on students' self-efficacy, but give significant effects on confidence and self-control efficacy which are sub-areas of self-efficacy.