• 수산경영론집
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.113-128
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• 2010

This study is aimed to analyze the economic feasibility of the selective breeding program on the Oliver flounder aquaculture. First of all, in order to evaluate this program, we review the concept and research trend on the selective breeding. The objective of this research is the selective breeding program on the Oliver flounder aquaculture in the Genetics and Breeding Research Center, NFRDI. It was conducted to investigated economic effects of three factors of the selective breeding program on the Oliver flounder aquaculture such as fast growth, disease resistance and increase exports. The results of economic analysis of the selective breeding program on the Oliver flounder aquaculture are as follows; First, there were the significant meaning of the economic effects on the technology of the selective breeding program by fast growth, disease resistance and increase exports. Second, we analyzed in the economic feasibility of the selective breeding program on the Oliver flounder aquaculture from 2004 to 2020, internal rate of return(IRR) was 419%, a benefit-cost ratio was shown to be 24.92, net present value(NPV) was 989,942,464 thousand won, which indicates the economic feasibility of the selective breeding program is very high. Finally, in order to improve the economic feasibility, there is need to be focused on the efficient the selective breeding program on the Oliver flounder aquaculture.

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.383-390
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• 2014

북방전복 선발육종에 필요한 친자확인 및 가계분석을 효율적으로 실험하기 위하여 microsatellite multiplex PCR 기술을 개발하였다. 개발한 mutiplex PCR 기술은 6개 microsatellite locus Hdh145, Hdh512, Hdh1321, Awb017, Awb083 및 Awb098을 한번의 PCR 증폭으로 다중분석이 가능하다. 이 기술은 높은 친자확인 성공률과 가계분석에 있어서도 모두 멘델의 분리법칙을 따르고 있다. 더욱이 대량의 시료처리를 필요로 하는 경우에 있어서도 시간절약 및 비용 절감뿐만 아니라 샘플 처리과정의 간소화가 가능하여 handling errors를 줄일 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서 개발된 multiplex PCR은 친자확인, 가계분석, 집단유전학 및 계통분류학 분석에 유용하게 사용할 수 있을 것이라 생각된다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제54권6호
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• pp.974-981
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• 2021

The aim of this study was to evaluate genetic parameters of growth traits for improving selective breeding in olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus produced in April 2019. The total length and body weight at 11-, 18-, and 22-months-old were measured for 7,479, 2,831 and 1,904 individuals, respectively. Since 2004, we have been conducting a selective breeding program to improve growth traits in the olive flounder. Data were analyzed using the restricted maximum likelihood method using the multiple traits animal model. The effect of sex and production period showed significant differences in all traits (P<0.05). The heritability of all traits was 0.428-0.520, which is relatively high by measurement month. Therefore, it is considered that individual selection will be more advantageous than family selection. However, to maintain an appropriate degree of inbreeding and genetic diversity for future generations, it is necessary to consider family selection adequately. Results of the correlation analysis between the same traits according to the measurement period indicated that considering production costs such as feed cost, selection at 18-months-old will be advantageous. Olive flounder is a major aquaculture species in Korea, and continuous selective breeding research is essential to improve productivity.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.41-49
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• 2012

Eighteen new polymorphic microsatellite markers were developed for the Korean mi-iuy croaker ($Miichthys$ $miiuy$, Perciformes, Sciaenidae), and allelic variability was compared between a wild population in Mokpo, Korea, and a hatchery population in Tongyeong, Korea. All loci were amplified readily and demonstrated allelic variability, with the number of alleles ranging from 5 to 37 in the wild population, and from 4 to 12 in the farmed population. The average observed and expected heterozygosities were estimated, respectively, to be 0.74 and 0.78 in the hatchery population samples, and 0.79 and 0.86 in the wild samples. These results indicate lower genetic variability in the hatchery population compared with the wild population, and significant genetic differentiation between the wild population and the hatchery samples ($F_{ST}$=0.058, P<0.001). These microsatellite loci may be valuable for future population genetic studies, monitoring changes in the genetic variation within stocks in a commercial breeding program, conservation genetics, and molecular assisted selective breeding of the mi-iuy croaker in the future.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제33권9호
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• pp.1369-1377
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• 2020

Objective: The main objectives of the present study were to assess the genetic diversity, population structure and to appraise the efficiency of ongoing selective breeding program in the closed nucleus herd of Nellore sheep through pedigree analysis. Methods: Information utilized in the study was collected from the pedigree records of Livestock Research Station, Palamaner during the period from 1989 to 2016. Genealogical parameters like generation interval, pedigree completeness, inbreeding level, average relatedness among the animals and genetic conservation index were estimated based on gene origin probabilities. Lambs born during 2012 and 2016 were considered as reference population. Two animal models either with the use of F_i or ΔF_i as linear co-variables were evaluated to know the effects of inbreeding on the growth traits of Nellore sheep. Results: Average generation interval and realized effective population size for the reference cohort were estimated as 3.38±0.10 and 91.56±1.58, respectively and the average inbreeding coefficient for reference population was 3.32%. Similarly, the effective number of founders, ancestors and founder genome equivalent of the reference population were observed as 47, 37, and 22.48, respectively. Fifty per cent of the genetic variability was explained by 14 influential ancestors in the reference cohort. The ratio f_e/f_a obtained in the study was 1.21, which is an indicator of bottlenecks in the population. The number of equivalent generations obtained in the study was 4.23 and this estimate suggested the fair depth of the pedigree. Conclusion: Study suggested that the population had decent levels of genetic diversity and a non-significant influence of inbreeding coefficient on growth traits of Nellore lambs. However, small portion of genetic diversity was lost due to a disproportionate contribution of founders and bottlenecks. Hence, breeding strategies which improve the genetic gain, widens the selection process and with optimum levels of inbreeding are recommended for the herd.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.184-189
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• 2012

We sought to breed an industrially useful yeast strain, specifically an ethanol-tolerant yeast strain that would be optimal for ethanol production, using a novel breeding method, called genome reconstruction, based on chromosome splitting technology. To induce genome reconstruction, Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain SH6310, which contains 31 chromosomes including 12 artificial mini-chromosomes, was continuously cultivated in YPD medium containing 6% to 10% ethanol for 33 days. The 12 mini-chromosomes can be randomly or specifically lost because they do not contain any genes that are essential under high-level ethanol conditions. The strains selected by inducing genome reconstruction grew about ten times more than SH6310 in 8% ethanol. To determine the effect of mini-chromosome loss on the ethanol tolerance phenotype, PCR and Southern hybridization were performed to detect the remaining mini-chromosomes. These analyses revealed the loss of mini-chromosomes no. 11 and no. 12. Mini-chromosome no. 11 contains ten genes (YKL225W, PAU16, YKL223W, YKL222C, MCH2, FRE2, COS9, SRY1, JEN1, URA1) and no. 12 contains fifteen genes (YHL050C, YKL050W-A, YHL049C, YHL048C-A, COS8, YHLComega1, ARN2, YHL046W-A, PAU13, YHL045W, YHL044W, ECM34, YHL042W, YHL041W, ARN1). We assumed that the loss of these genes resulted in the ethanol-tolerant phenotype and expect that this genome reconstruction method will be a feasible new alternative for strain improvement.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.798-803
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• 2018

Objective: The objective of this study was to estimate the genetic parameters for milk ${\beta}$-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA), acetone (Ac), fat protein ratio (FPR), and energy balance (EB) using milk test day records and investigate the effect of early lactation FPR and EB on milk ketone body concentrations. Methods: Total 262,940 test-day records collected from Korea Animal Improvement Association during the period of 2012 to 2016 were used in this study. BHBA and Ac concentrations in milk were measured by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). FPR values were obtained using test day records of fat and protein percentage. EB was calculated using previously developed equation based on parity, lactation week, and milk composition data. Genetic parameters were estimated by restricted maximum likelihood procedure based on repeatability model using Wombat program. Results: Elevated milk BHBA and Ac concentrations were observed during the early lactation under the negative energy balance. Milk FPR tends to decrease with the decreasing ketone body concentrations. Heritability estimates for milk BHBA, Ac, EB, and FPR ranged from 0.09 to 0.14, 0.23 to 0.31, 0.19 to 0.52, and 0.16 to 0.42 respectively at parity 1, 2, 3, and 4. The overall heritability for BHBA, Ac, EB and FPR were 0.29, 0.32, 0.58, and 0.38 respectively. A common pattern was observed in heritability of EB and FPR along with parities. Conclusion: FPR and EB can be suggested as potential predictors for risk of hyperketonemia. The heritability estimates of milk BHBA, Ac, EB, and FPR indicate that the selective breeding may contribute to maintaining the milk ketone bodies at optimum level during early lactation.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.82-88
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• 2017

유전자총을 이용한 형질전환 체계와 PPT (D-L-phosphinothricin) 선발을 통하여 나리 인편조직으로부터 형질전환 식물체가 획득되었다. 본 연구에서 나리 '레드플레임' 품종의 인편조직에 선발유전자로 제초제저항성 유전자인 bar 유전자 그리고 내염성과 내건성의 복합환경저항성을 나타내는 AtSIZ 유전자를 목적유전자로 가지고 있는 플라스미드를 금입자에 코팅해서 유전자총을 이용해서 형질전환 하였다. 이러한 형질전환 체계 확립을 위해 헬륨가스 압력은 1,100 psi, 금 입자크기는 $1.0{\mu}m$ 그리고 목적 절편체까지의 거리는 6 cm 그리고 유전자총 처리 24시간 전과 후에 0.2 M sorbitol과 0.2 M mannitol을 혼합해서 MS배지에 첨가한 프로토콜로부터 우수한 형질전환 결과를 나타내었다. 유전자총 발사 처리 후, 1주간 선발제로 사용되는 PPT가 없는 MS 배지로 이식하여 배양 후, PPT 10 mg/l이 첨가된 선발배지에서 4주 간격의 계대배양을 통해 8-12주간 선발과정을 거친다. PPT 선발 배지에서 생존한 신초가 형성된 형질전환 나리 인편 조직들을 호르몬이 없는 MS 배지로 다시 옮겨주면 발근 및 추가 생육이 이루어진다. 생존한 형질전환 나리 기내 소식물체들로부터 PCR 검정을 통해 선발유전자인 bar 유전자 그리고 목적유전자인 AtSIZ 유전자의 도입이 확인되었다. 결론적으로 100여개의 나리 인편조직을 본 연구에서 확립된 유전자총 실험프로토콜을 이용하면 대략적으로 형질전환 나리 17-18 개체를 획득할 수 있으며 본 연구에 기술된 유전자 총 매개 형질전환 체계는 추가적인 보완이 이루어지면, 향후 나리 육종 프로그램에 기여할 것이다.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.394-400
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• 2017

포도나무 피어스병에 대한 품종간 저항성을 검정하는 데에 이용되는 병원균 접종법이나 포장저항성 검정법을 대체할 수 있는 방법으로 병원균(Xylella fastidiosa)이 생산하는 배양여액을 이용할 수 있는 검정법을 개발하고자 하였다. 상처를 가한 포도나무 잎에 병원균의 배양여액을 처리한 결과 독성이 발현되었으며 품종간에 차이가 나타났다. 병원균 배양여액의 에틸아세테이트 추출물은 공시한 포도나무에서 배양여액 처리와 동일한 반응을 유도하였다. 병원균 배양여액의 독성과 감수성은 에틸아세테이트 추출물과 동일하였다. 감수성 품종은 높은 비율로 희석된 배양여액에도 감수성을 나타내었으며, 저항성품종은 원액에서도 반응하지 않았다. 감수성 품종은 희석된 배양여액보다 원액에서 감수성이었으나 저항성 품종은 원액에도 저항성을 나타내었다. 본 연구에서 유럽종 포도 품종이 중도 감수성이었으나, 배양여액을 이용한 피어스병해 저항성 검정은 병해에 저항성인 유전자원 선발과, 교배조합의 저항성 실생의 조기에 선발에 중요한 기술로서, 향후 병해에 저항성인 포도품종 육성에 크게 기여할 것으로 여겨진다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.1-4
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• 2015

개의 10번 염색체에 존재하는 Copper metabolism domain containing 1 (COMMD1) 유전자는 체내 구리 대사를 조절하는 COMMD1 단백질을 합성한다. COMMD1 유전자의 exon 2 결손변이는 단백질의 결핍을 유발하여 베들링턴 테리어 견종에서 상염색체 열성 유전질환인 구리 중독증을 일으킨다. 본 증에 이환된 개체는 담즙을 통한 구리의 배설이 저해되어 간 내에 구리가 축적된다. 본 연구에서는 국내 베들링턴 테리어 257두(수컷 109두, 암컷 148두) 혈액 시료를 사용하여 genomic DNA를 추출하였다. 유전자 결손변이의 분자생물학적 진단을 위해 다중 중합효소 연쇄반응법(multiplex PCR)을 이용하여 COMMD1 유전자의 exon 2 결손 발생 및 그 빈도를 조사하였다. 베들링턴 테리어 257두에서, 정상유전자 동협접합자가 131두(51%), 이형접합자가 108두(42%), 변이유전자 동형접합자가 18두(7%)로 확인되었다. 본 연구를 통해 한국 베들링턴 테리어 개체군의 유전변이 발생 및 그 빈도를 확인하였고, 이는 국내 베들링턴 테리어 개체군의 유전자 선택적 교배계획 설립 및 변이 유전자 확산을 예방하기 위한 기초 자료로서 의의가 있다.