• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.121-124
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• 2001

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tubers of 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 g were planted in plug trays with vermiculite-based root medium on 10 August 2000 and grown for 15 days in a glasshouse to determine the effects of mini-tuber size on plug seedling growth and field performance of plug seedlings. For a control, common potato tubers weighing 50 g were also planted. As size of seed tubers planted increased from 10 to 50 g, seedling height decreased from 24.6 to 20.0cm while shoot number per seedling increased from 2.0 to 3.5, main stem diameter from 4.3 to 6.1mm, and fresh weight of root + top from 9.3 to 19.4 g/seedling. At 90 days after transplanting plug seedlings, the total number of tubers per plant increased from 3.62 to 4.72, average tuber weight from 62.9 to 72.8g, and total tuber yield 20.5 to 23.6 t/ha with increase in seed tuber size. Plug seedlings raised from 50g tubers produced 22% more tubers per plant and had 21 % higher＞80g tuber yield than the directly planted potatoes.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.152-155
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• 2003

Burcucumber (Sicyos angulatus L.), used as a medicinal or rootstock for cucurbitaceous crops have shown high variation in seed maturity and size. This study was carried out to determine the effect of seed maturity and size on seed germination, seedling emergence and growth of burcucumber, Seeds collected from a native site were divided into small, medium and large ones after sorted to mature and immature ones. Their germination, seedling emergence and growth were done in indoor and a green house. Mature seeds showed higher germination and seedling emergence rate than immature ones. Regardless of their maturity, medium. and small seeds showed higher germination rate than large ones. Medium and large seeds, however, had the greatest and the least seedling emergence, respectively. Seedling height, number of true leaves areas of cotyledons and true leaves except hypocotyl length were increased with increased seed size although were not affected by the maturity. Cotyledon, leaf, hypocotyl, root and their total dry weights were greater in large mature seeds than large immature ones while increased with increased seed size in both maturities.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.196-201
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• 1997

This study was carried out to understand the effect of low temperature treatment and seedling size on growth and bolting in Angeljca gjgas. Bolting rate increased as period of low temperature increased and bolting rate of control was lower than that of low temperature treatment. In low temperature treatment with seedling size, the smaller seedling size, the higher bolting rate. Period from transplanting to bolting was reduced with low temperature treatment extended and large seedling. The plant height, position of bolting leaf and number of developing leaf were decreased with low temperature treatment extended and large seedling, respectively, There was a highly significant negative correlation between bolting rate and number of developed leaves before bolting and number of developed leaves in growth to first bolting but positive correlation in late growth, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.503-510
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• 2013

This study was conducted to determine the optimum intensity of root pruning and the initial seedling size of 1-year-old Quercus serrata for producing 2-year-old healthy seedlings. Large( > 26 cm hight) and small size ( < 24 cm hight) seedlings were pruned their root by the length of 5, 10, and 15cm and then transplanted on nursery. Stem height, root-collar diameter(RCD), height to RCD ratio(H/D ratio), shoot dry weight(DW) and root development were measured during first growing season after transplanting. Seedling size and pruning intensity influenced on shoot growth such as height, RCD, H/D ratio and DW after transplanting. In addition, the development of lateral roots such as number, length, DW and diameter were affected by the seedling size. Taproot pruned by 15cm was shown excellent above-ground growth in large seedling group, but pruned by 10 and 15cm showed respectively better shoot growth in small seedling group. Large seedlings increased their above-ground growth, taproot regrowth, and number of lateral roots more than those of the small seedlings. But the length and DW of lateral roots were increased in the small seedlings. In conclusion, in order to produce high quality 2-year-old seedlings, it is important to produce large size of Q. serrata seedlings. Also root pruning length of 1-year-old Q. serrata was reasonable on 15 cm in taller than 26 cm or 10cm in less than the height.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.709-717
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• 2013

The objective of this study was to examine the effect of root pruning intensity in combination with different initial seedling size on the growth of transplanting seedlings of Quercus acutissima. One-year-old seedlings were divided into three groups depending on their height, i.e. small (< 15 cm), medium (25-35 cm) and large size (35 cm <). Root of seedlings was pruned by three intensity such as, leaving 5 cm (severe), 10 cm (medium) and 15 cm (light) of taproot from the root-collar. After one year, we investigated survival rate, height and root-collar diameter (RCD) increment and final shoot dry weight. Also we measured characteristics of newly developed lateral roots such as number, total length, dry weight and diameter. Severe root pruning showed the lowest survival rate in all seedling size. Height increment, RCD increment and shoot dry weight were decreased with increasing intensity of root pruning. Seedlings of medium and light root pruning showed similar above-ground growth and dry weight of lateral roots. More large seedlings showed good survival rate, height increment and final shoot dry mass in all root pruning intensity. Therefore, one-year-old seedlings of Q. acutissima should be pruned taproot by 10 cm and transplanted to obtain excellent performance and increase the efficiency of transplanting work. Based on the findings of this study, it is important that applying to different root pruning intensity depending on initial seedling size for producing 2-year-old seedlings with excellent growth and high quality.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.114-120
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• 1994

Experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of planting date and planting methods with seedling size on bolting and yield of Ostericum koreanum (MAX.) KITAGAWA Seeding methods were also reviewed to imvestigate their effects on seedling characteristics. This experiment was carried out in Chuncheon during 1988 growing season. The small seeding rate and broadcasting had higher rates of emergence than the others. There was no big difference in seedling size by seedling rate, and more seedling growth was in drilling methods among seed planting methods. The quantity of seedling were produced with the order of medium, small and lastly large seedling. Dense planting $(8l\;/33m^2)$ was advantageous in producing small seedling. Large seedling had earlier flowering than the others and growth was good in planting small seedling with drilling method. The rates of bolting by seedling sizes were 89.6% in large, 64.6% in medium and 36.9% in small seedling. Bolting was influenced the root Quality by producing lignified root which had a least commercial value. More root growth was shown in unbolting plant compared to bolting plant seedling and broadcasting had much more root growth than seedling from drilling. Fresh root yield of unbolting plant was higher than that of bolting plant and highest yield was obtained in the broadcasting plot with small seedling.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.12-17
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• 2002

Tn establish the criteria for appropriate seedling production method in the summer, the effect of container size and seedling age on the growth and yield were evaluated with tomato. The seedling quality was higher when seedlings were grown polyethylene in 9cm pots than in 72 cell plugs. Seedling quality increased with increase in seedling age in polyethylene pots, whereas seedling age did not affect seedling quality in plug trays. Fruits matured earlier on plants started from pot-grown transplants for a long duration than with plug tray-grown transplants for a shorter duration. Not only total yield in 4 months, but the early yield in the first 2 months, was higher with pot-nursed transplants than with plug tray-nursed transplants. With pot-grown transplants, The early yield in initial 2 months was the lowest in 25 day-old transplants, whereas there was no significant differences between 35- and 45-day-old transplants. Seedling age did not affect the cumulative yield for 3 months after the first harvest. With plug tray-grown transplants, the cumulative yield tar initial 3 months was the highest in plants grown for 35 days in the nursery, followed by 25 day and 45 day. However, there were no significant differences among seedling ages in the total yield.

• Plant Resources
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.94-97
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• 2003

The objective of this study is to investigate morphological characteristics of seeds and effects of environmental factors such as light and temperature on the germination and seedling growth of Adenophora triphylla var. japonica, Codonopsis lanceolata, Platycodon glandiflorum, Which belongs to Campanulaceae and useful for on oriental medicine materials. Seed shape of Codonopsis lanceolata is Elliptic. Platycodon glandiflorum is Oblong. Color of seed coats varied from yellow to dark brown. Seed size of Adenophora triphylla var. japonica is 1.37mm in length, 0.69mm in width. One thousand-seed weight of Adenophora triphylla var. japonica is 258mg. Seed size of Codonopsis lanceolata is 4.45mm in length, 2.11mm in width. One thousand-seed weight of Codonopsis lanoceolata is 1,278mg. Seed size of Platycodon glandiflorum is 2.31mm in length, 1.10mm in width. One thousand-seed weight of Platycodon glandiflorum is 988mg. Optimum temperatures for seed germination and seedling growth range from 20 to $25^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.199-208
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• 2018

Quercus floribunda (Tilonj oak) is among the five species of Quercus and an evergreen tree found in Kumaun Himalayan region. Timing of germination is a crucial event determining the success of seedling establishment and survival. The aims of the study were to investigate the effect of sowing date on the germination and morphological responses of Tilonj oak (Quercus floribunda), cultivated during the month of August-September, with supplementary irrigation. The experiment was conducted by sowing seeds at two dates with one month interval in glass house conditions at DSB Campus, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India. Present study revealed that higher germination percentage (46.67 %) was recorded at sowing time $S_2$ as compared to the sowing time $S_1$ (32.86 %). Germination percentage as well as seedling growth were affected by sowing date though the differences were insignificant. At both the sowing dates, highest germination percentage was recorded for large seeds (32.86-46.67 %) followed by medium (31.43-33.33 %) and lowest germination (6.67-7.14 %) was recorded for small size seeds. In all parameters assessed, sowing time $S_2$ had the best performance in combination with large seed size. Thus, September is suitable month for best germination, growth and seedling vigour and large seed size is recommended to silviculturists and tree planters. The information on seed germination and seedling growth is vital both for conservation and rehabilitation of degraded lands.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.257-263
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• 2008

This study was carried out to obtained the basic information for seed coat dehiscence and seedling performance according to seed size of eight ginseng cultivars. Seed size was separated into four grade(upper 5.0, 5.0-4.7, 4.7-4.0, and under 4.0mm in diameter). Seed coat dehiscence and survival ratio of seedling were not affected by seed size. Aerial parts growth of seedling such as stem length, stem diameter, and leaf area of seedling were larger seed(upper 5.0 mm) better than those of small seeds(4.7-4.0, and under 4.0 mm in diameter). Also root part growths such as root diameter, and fresh weight were larger seed(upper 5.0 mm) higher than those of small seeds(4.7-4.0, and under 4.0 mm in diameter). However, root length was not affected by seed size. Growth status of aerial and root parts of 'unpoong' 'umpoong' and 'opoong' were better than those of other cultivars in each grade of seed sizes. The growth of characteristics of 'hunpoong' and 'hungsun' were less than those of other cultivars.