• 한국국제농업개발학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.552-559
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• 2011

China is a one of the largest agricultural countries in the world. China consumes around 12.5 billion kilograms of seeds each year. Suchhuge demand for seeds has made the Chinese seed market more and more attractive for investment. Through analysis on the present situation and existing problems of the seed industry in China and based on the current Chinese seed industry development, some future prospects for investments are indicated. This investigation was carried out to propose the appropriate strategies on the development of the Korea seed industry as it considers its entry into the China seed market as a new growth engine in the agricultural sector. The basic law regulating the Chinese seed industry is the PRC Seed Law that generally refers to the protection of germplasm resources, verification of varieties, seed quality issues, the import and export of seeds, seed administrative management, and various rights and obligations. The regulations were aimed at the protection of the rights concerning new varieties of plants. China has two main industry associations, the National Seed Association and the China Seed Industry IP Union, that are non-profit associations consisting of entities and people engaging in the seed scientific research, production, operation and management. The China National Seed Group Co., Ltd. ("Sino Seeds") is the market leader in China regarding the seed industry. The chinese government, however, encourages investment from multinational companies as well as importation of modern crop planting management technologies and equipment. It supports the entry of investors with proven experiences in breeding and germplasm resources expansion and R&D. There has never been a better time for multinational companies with proven seed industry experience to look at building relationships with the Chinese government and enterprises.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.71-76
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• 2015

선진국들은 종자산업을 국가 신성장 동력산업으로 설정하여 정부차원의 지원을 강화하고 있으며, 글로벌 종자기업은 세계의 종자시장을 선점하기 위하여 종자개발분야에 막대한 예산을 투자하고 있으며, 우리나라도 2000년대 후반 들어 국내종자산업 발전을 위한 정책 추진을 통해 종자산업 육성을 위한 토대를 형성하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 국내외 종자시장 현황을 살펴보고 이에 따른 GSP사업의 역할에 대한 전망을 통해 GSP 사업 추진의 효율성을 제고해 보고자 한다. 세계 종자산업은 글로벌 거대 기업의 대형화로 인하여 독점체제를 형성하고 있어 상위 10개 종자기업이 전체 시장의 73%를 점유하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 종자업체의 대형화는 종자선택에 대한 제약으로 인하여 가격상승을 불러일으키는 부작용을 초래할 것으로 보여진다. 국내 종자시장은 농업생산량 감소로 인하여 정체상태가 유지되고 있으며, 전반적인 국내 농업생산량의 축소에 따른 종자수요 감소로 인하여 국내 종자시장 규모의 정체와 업체의 영세성과 채소, 벼등 일부 특정품목에 대한 육종기술은 세계적인 수준이나 양배추, 파프리카 및 사료작물 등 글로벌 품종의 육종기술이 상대적으로 취약하고 국내 종자기업들의 신규 전문인력 채용은 거의 이루어지지 않고 있으며, 대학 등의 종자관련 전문인력 양성에 대한 인프라가 부족하여 우수한 육종 전문가 양성이 미흡한 실정이다. 따라서 종자산업은 농산업의 핵심으로 국가의 기간산업을 지탱하는 원천 산업으로서 국가정책적으로 우선순위가 매우 높은 만큼 미래성장 산업으로 정부의 지속적인 투자가 뒷받침되어야 할 것이다. 이에 대한 일환으로 GSP 사업을 추진을 2012년부터 야심차게 추진하고 있으며, 수출전략형 종자개발(10개 품목)과 수입대체 종자개발(10품목)을 통해 수출과 국내 종자자급율 확보를 목표로 종자관련 기업체와 대학 및 연구소의 우수한 전문인력이 투입되어 종자개발연구에 매진하고 있다. 우리나라 종자산업의 발전을 위해서는 GSP 사업의 우수한 성과가 반드시 도출되어야 할 것이며, 이를 위해서는 품종개발 단계외에 종자 수출에 대한 별도의 지원 프로그램 추진이 필요하다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.76-81
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 3가지 홍화자, 향부자, 형개 추출물의 미백효과를 연구하였다. 멜라닌 생성 첫 단계인 tyrosinase 억제활성과 멜라닌 생성 억제효과를 측정한 결과, 홍화자 에탄올 추출물이 tyrosinase 활성과 B16F10 melanoma 세포의 멜라닌 생성 억제하였다. 그 결과, 홍화자 추출물은 B16F10 melanoma 세포에서 melanogenesis 따른 tyrosinase 형성 억제에 따른 멜라닌 합성 관련 인자 MITF, tyrosinase, TRP-1, TRP-2 의 발현을 억제함에 따라 홍화자 추출물의 미백효과를 확인하였다. 따라서 홍화자는 미백효과를 가진 천연 기능성 재료로서 가능성이 매우 높은 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 1998년도 21세기 한반도 농업전망과 대책(한국작물학회.한국육종학회 공동주관 심포지움 회보)
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• pp.336-352
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• 1998

The horticultural seed industry has made great progress in the last fifty years of its history after the independence of this country. The industry has accomplished self-sufficiency in major vegetable seeds and has even gained international competitive edge in certain crop seeds, particularly in hybrid cultivar development. However, the industry is facing a crisis at present coming from excessive competition among the domestic seed companies as well as the foreign currency crisis of the country. Several major seed companies have already been acquired by multinational corporations. Many people in the country as well as agriculturists are concerned about this situation. Although it is true that the industry is undergoing hard times, this crisis can be turned into a chance for making new progress depending on the joint efforts of the groups responsible, i.e., private companies, public institutions, and policy makers. Therefore, we have to turn this crisis into an opportunity for self-reform and progress. We should not be discouraged or give up. We Propose some ideas for the Progress of the seed industry. Public institutions and policy makers should do such things in cooperation as 1) training human resources for future breeders, 2) securing a wide range of genetic resources and improvement of the management system, 3) basic science research including biotechnology, 4) releasing breeding stocks from germplasm enhancement through use of exotic accessions, 5) support for breeding region- or use-specific cultivars, and 6) collection of foreign agricultural information for breeding cultivars for overseas markets. Eventually the responsible group for the final development of commercial cultivars, production, sales and management is private companies. Therefore, private companies also should have to do their best to develop competitive cultivars with a missionary spirit and endeavor for both domestic and overseas markets in cooperation with public institutions. Management based on competition, professionalism and rationalism is also urged. We are going to conclude with optimism that we can make a new vault of progress once the private and public sectors closely cooperate for the development of Korean horticultural seed industry by overcoming this crisis.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.1410-1414
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• 1999

Durian 종자 전분의 입자크기범위는 약 $2.0-10.0\;{\mu}m$ 이었으며 구형과 다각형의 형태를 갖고 있었다. Durian종자, 옥수수, 고구마, 감자전분의 아밀로오스 함량은 28.3%, 27.5%, 20.3% 및 21.7%이었다. Durian 종자, 옥수수, 고구마, 감자전분의 blue value는 0.370, 0.368, 0.332 및 0.338이었으며, 알칼리도는 7.39, 9.02, 7.08 및 5.43이었다. Durian 종자 전분의 팽윤력과 용해도는 감자전분보다 낮았다. Durian 종자자전분의 X-선 회절도에 의한 결정성은 곡류전분과 같은 A형이었다. RVA로 측정한 durian 종자 전분의 호화개시온도 $(76.6^{circ}C)$는 옥수수$(73.0^{circ}C)$, 고구마$(72.3^{circ}C)$, 감자전분 $(70.2^{circ}C)$보다 높았으며 breakdown은 낮은 반면 setback은 높았다.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.253-264
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• 2009

종자보증의 목적은 종자의 유전적 순수성과 품종의 혈통을 보장하는 것이다. 본 연구는 골프장에 사용되는 켄터키 블루그래스 종자의 품질 보증 규정과 절차에 대한 정보를 제공하기 위하여 행하여졌다. 연구 방법은 미국3개주(와싱턴, 아이다호, 오리건주)의 종자 보증과정과 종자 품질 보증 규정을 비교 분석하였다. 보증과정은 포장과 실험실 내에서의 최소 종자품질기준을 만족하여야 한다. 종자 수확포장은 정해진 수준의 종자를 파종하여야 하고, 다른작물로부터 일정거리를 격리하여야 한다. 더구나 수확포장은 청결하며 금지잡초로부터 안전하여야 한다. 종자보증 시험은 발아율, 순수종자 백분율, 이종종자, 잡초 및 이물질 함량 검사를 포함한다. 품질보증종자와 뗏장용 종자의 품질기준은 3개 주에서 비슷하였다. 뗏장용 종자의 품질 기준은 최대 0.02%, 품질보증종자의 경우에는 0.3% 이내의 잡초종자 함량을 허용 기준치로 제한하고 있다. 이러한 종자품질기준은 종자의 품질을 보장하고 골프코스의 잔디조성 품질을 보장하고 있다.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.30-37
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• 2007

The seed paper was used in farm field recently for a sound young plant. The most of seed paper are made of synthetic non-woven sheet. Therefore, it is very difficult to bio-degrade in soil and is very hard to have some special function, for example keeping herbicide and/or insecticide activity because of its lack of chemical acceptability. The purpose of this research is manufacture of seedling paper which have a function of herbicide activity from waste paper. The fiber properties from waste paper were remarkably improved by fine removal with washing and/or flotation process. The paper-making ability for seed paper was enhanced with enzyme treatment of secondary fibers. The paper for seedling must have a good bio-degradation ability in soils. The absorption amount of chemical like as dithiopyr was increased remarkably in enzyme treated base paper. The embossing treatment of base paper was very effective for seed attachment and chemicals retention. And also, the developed seed paper showed a good penetration property of young root through embossed paper.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.107-115
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• 2012

This paper proposes on the structure for reducing the circuit area and increasing the computation speed in implementing to hardware using the SEED algorithm of a 128-bit block cipher. SEED cipher can be implemented with S/W or H/W method. It should be important that we have minimize the area and computation time in H/W implementation. To increase the computation speed, we used the structure of the pipelined systolic array, and this structure is a simple thing without including any buffer at the input and output circuit. This circuit can record the encryption rate of 320 Mbps at 10 MHz clock. We have designed the circuit with the Verilog HDL coding showing the circuit performances in the figures and the table.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.217-217
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• 2017

Seed priming leading to improved emergences, germination speed and uniformity under unfavorable conditions without loss of longevity are the best level of techniques. We studied the possibility to obtain primed seed with reduced mean germination time (MGT) and uniformity but with simple, fast and effective methods. The experiments were carried out at $15^{\circ}C$ for 16 hours with priming treatment. To compare the effects of each treatment, we used 200mM $CaCl_2$ priming or hydro priming or no imbibition after ultrasonication or red light treatment. The light treatment was performed by irradiating 2000 lux of red light for 15, 30, 60, and 120 minutes. Addition, in order to investigate the effect of the priming solution, treated at 200mM $CaCl_2$ for 8 hours. Ultrasonication treatment was performed for 5, 10, and 20 minutes at exposures of 13.0, 17.3, and 21.6 kHz during priming. For liquid smoke (LS) treatment, seed soaked in 0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 5.0% and 10.0% of diluted water and 200mM $CaCl_2$ solution. After each treatment, the seeds were dried to moisture content ranged 5-8% at $25^{\circ}C$ for 24 hours. The effect of seed treatment was evaluated with germination percentage (GP), MGT, germination index(GI), germination rate(GR), Germination Uniformity(GU) and heath seed percentage(HS). For several factors tested, we found that the desired germination improvement could be obtained by treating the seed with ultrasonication at 17.3 kHz for 5 minutes in water or red light exposure at 2000 lux for 120 min in water that resulted very similar to those used to 200mM $CaCl_2$ priming for 16 hrs. However, LS treatment showed no improvement in all diluted solution. Therefore, the methods applied ultrasonication and red light treatment showed high potential for fast and easy treatment avoiding pollution of salt solution waste.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.213-213
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• 2017

High quality seed of proso millet that has high germination percentage, germination speed, and uniformity demanded to increases rates of mechanization in cereal crop cultivation. In order to improve germination characteristics, proso millet seeds were treated with red light, ultrasonication and liquid smoke (LS) solution that generated from hickory wood. All treatments were performed in seed priming solution with 100mM $NH_4NO_3$ at $15^{\circ}C$ for 24hrs under aeration condition. Seeds were exposed under light intensity of 2000 lux for 15m, 30m, 60m, and 120m in priming solution. Ultrasonic treatment was performed at 60%, 80%, and 100% intensity of 21.6 KHz for 5m, 10m, and 20m in priming solution. For LS treatment seed were soaked in 0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 5.0% and 10.0% of diluted solution with $dH_2O$ or 100mM $NH_4NO_3$ solution. The effect of seed treatment was evaluated with germination percentage (GP), mean germination time (MGT), germination index (GI), germination rate (GR), Germination uniformity (GU) and heath seed percentage (HS). Our results demonstrate that red light (15min) or ultrasonication (21.6kHz, 5min) treatment improved MGT, GI, GR, and GU comparing to untreated control. Importantly, we show that LS treatments have significant effect on the health seedling and germination characteristics. Proso millet seeds that treated with 5% LS solution for 24hrs improves HS up to 97% that similar results obtained in 100mM $NH_4NO_3$ priming for 24hrs. The combined treatment with LS solution and 100mM $NH_4NO_3$ priming were not effective in all treatments. Our results demonstrate that treating seeds with LS or 100mM $NH_4NO_3$ priming or ultrasonication improves germination characteristics. The methods described here will help advance research using this species by increasing the germination performance at which successive seed pellet process.