• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.459-462
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• 2004

Essential oil components were analysed in forty seven individual plants of Elsholtzia splendens collected from eight different regions in Korea to identify their chemotypes. Major oil components of chemotype 1 was dihydrotagentone (75%) and naginataketone and elsholtziaketone were not detected at all. Chemotype 2 was naginataketone (NK) type which content was more than 60%. Chemotype 3 had more than 60% of elsholtziaketone (EK) as major volatile oil. EK type and NK type plants selected were maintained stably in their progenies after seed generation. Naginatketone and elsholtziaketone had functional properties such as antioxidation and antibacteria.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.381-385
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• 1998

Chemical components of Perillar semen and physico-chemical properties o Perillae semen oil were analyzed for the use as an edible oil. The proximate compositions of Perillae semen were 7.5% moisture, 33.2% crude fat, 16.3% crude protein, 2.8% crude ash, 6.5% crude fiber, and 33.7% nitrogen free extract. The major amino acids of Perillae semen were glutamic acid(66.9mg%), aspartic acid (32.5mg%), histidine(21.6mg%), and phenylaanine (20.1mg%). The ratio of essential/total amino acid was 41.3%. The physico-chemical properties of the seed oil were 0.915 specific gravity, 1.4808 refractive index, 3.6 acid value, 181.7 iodine value, and 194.0 saponification value. Composition of major lipid of the oil fractionated by silicic acid chromatography was 94.2% neutral lipids and 5.8% polar lioids. The major fatty acids of the oil were linolenic, linoleic and oleic acid. Neutral lipids consisted of 59.9% linolenic acid, 15.6% oleic acid, 6.6% palmitic acid, and 2.5% stearic acid. Polar lipids consisted of 58.5% linolenic acid, 18.1% linoleic acid, 12.7% oleic acid, 7.7% palmitic acid, and 3.0% stearic acid.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.159-162
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• 1999

This study was carried out to determine the optimum harvest date of unshelled immature peanuts and dried kernels from 60 to 120 days after flowering. Fresh pod yield of spanish-type variety, 'Shaedl-tangkong(SD)' reached a peak of 9,140kg/ ha at 70 (days after flowering(Aug. 13) while that of virginia-type variety, 'Daepoongtangkong(DP)' reached a peak of 8,820kg/ha at 90 days(Sept. 11) after flowering. SD and DP showed maximum fresh kernel yield of 6,090 and 6,470kg/ha at 90 days after flowering (Sept. 11), respectively, while dry kernel yield reached a peak of 3,300 and 3,720kg/ha at 110 days(Oct. 1), respectively. Oil content of SD and DP were the highest at 90 days and 100 days after flowering, respectively and the oil content of two varieties increased rapidly from 60 to 90 days. Tannin content of the seed hull of SD increased continuously until 110 days after flowering while that of DP maximized at 100 days. The tannin content of the two varieties increased rapidly from 60 to 100 days. Total sugar of SD and DP showed highest content at 60 days and 70 days after flowering, respectively and suger content decreased very rapidly until 80 days and after that sugar content kept nearly constant. Oil, tannin and total sugar content of spanish-type SD were higher than those of virginia-type DP.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.10-14
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• 2001

The volatile components of umbelliferous herbs having a characteristic spicy aroma were investigated. The essential oils of herbs were isolated by simultaneous steam distillation and extraction and the volatile components were identified by capillary GC and GC/MS. Forty-nine volatile compounds were identified from the herbs. The major compounds of chervil (Anthricus cerefolium) leaf oil were methyl chavicol, 1-allyl-2,4-dimethoxy benzene, and of coriander (Coriandrum sativum) leaf oil were ${\beta}$-sesquiphellan drene, germacrene B, nerolidol, selinene-4-ol, and of coriander seed oil were linalool, decanal, ${\gamma}$-terpinene, $\rho$-cymene.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.57 no.3
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• pp.377-381
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• 2013

Thevetia peruviana (Yellow Oleander) seed oil was extracted with n-hexane in a soxhlet extractor. The ethanolysis and methanolysis of the oil were carried out with 50% of potassium hydroxide in ethanol and methanol respectively by weight of oil, as catalyst. The biodiesel was tested for biodegradability using E. coli. The percentage yield of the FAEE and FAME were 84.8% and 91.6% respectively. The biodegradability values of 81.4% and 86.2% were obtained for FAEE and FAME respectively after a period of 28 days. Other fuel quality parameters determined are the cetane index of 47.19 (FAEE) and 58.97 (FAME), flash point of $198^{\circ}C$ (FAEE) and $175^{\circ}C$ (FAME), kinematic viscosity at $40^{\circ}C$ of 5.21 $mm^2s^{-1}$ (FAEE) and 5.10 $mm^2s^{-1}$(FAME), pour point of $4^{\circ}C$ (FAEE) and $-2^{\circ}C$ (FAME) and a cloud point of $6^{\circ}C$ (FAEE) and $3^{\circ}C$ (FAME). Thus, Thevetia peruviana oil has a high potential for use in production of environmentally friendly biodiesel.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.41 no.spc1
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• pp.110-122
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• 1996

The n-3 family fatty acids containing ${\alpha}$-linolenic acid(18:3, ALA) have been known as physiological activation materials such as inhibitory effects on the incidence of hyper-tension, coronary heart disease and cancers as well as the control of senilc dementia. Although a lot of ALA(about $63\%$) are contained in perilla oil, it has not been commercialized yet because the purification technique of the ALA has not been well established. The procedure of purification of ALA from perilla oil was saponified with 1 N-KOH /ethanol and then saturated and low level unsaturated fatty acids were removed by low-temperature crystallization method. The concentrated unsaturated fatty acids (containing about $75\%$ ALA) went down through the silver nitrate-impregnated silica column chromatography for separation of high purity of ALA. The results obtained we Fraction B, C and D contained ALA more than $85.5\%$(recovery, >$88.9\%,\;95.4\%$(recovery, >$54.4\%$) and $99.9\%$(recovery, >$31.5\%$) in purity, respectively. Seed oil content of the tested varieties were ranged from 34.8 to $54.1\%$ with $45.3\%$ of varietal means. The major omega fatty acids contained in the oil were oleic acid(n-9) $15.2\%$, linoleic acid(n-6) $13.9\%$ and linolenic acid(n-3) $63.1\%$ in the mean value. Varietal variation of n-9, 6 and 3 fatty acids ranged of $9.5\~21.4\%,\;9.1\~20.4\%$ and $50.6\~70.5\%$ respectively. Unsaturated fatty acid were averaged $92.2\%$ of seed oil in fatty acid composition. The ratios of n-6 to n-3 ranged of $0.13\~0.34\%$($0.22\%$ in mean value). The highest n-3 fatty acid variety was Yecheonjong being $70.5\%$. The lowest variety in ratios of n-6 to n-3 was Goseongjong being $0.13\%$. Oil content showed positive correlation with stearic acid and linolenic acid, while the negative correlation with oil content and linoleic acid. On the other hand, A significant negative correlation were showed between linolnic acid and the ratios n-6/n-3 fatty acid, saturated fatty acid. Saturated fatty acid was highly correlated with unsaturated fatty acid negatively being $r= -0.723^{**}$.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.113-118
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• 1973

In this study, the several chemical compositions, which include general components (moisture, fat, protein, sugar, fiber, ash, acid insoluble ash), minor components (sesamol, sesamolin, sesamin), the characteristics of oil (specific gravity, refractive index, iodine value, saponification value, unsaponificable matter, insoluble impurities), fatty acid components (analyzed by GLC), amino acid patterns (analyzed by autoanalyzer), of Korean whole white Sesamum indicum were investigated and were compared with decuticled sesame samples. The results were summarized as follows: 1) The crude fiber, total ash and acid insoluble ash contents of the decuticled sesame seed and it meal were significantly lower as compared to the whole sesame samples. 2) The specific gravity, refractive index, iodine value, unsaponificable matter and insoluble impurities contents of the whole sesame oil were greater than the decuticled samples. 3) The fatty acid contents of the whole and decuticled sesame oil were approximatly equal amounts. But unsaturated fatty acid contents of the decuticled sesame oil was significantly lower than the whole sesame oil. 4) The decuticled sasame meal was concentrated higher protein than the whole sasame meal. But amino acid contents of the protein in their was approximatly equal amounts and sesame proteins are found to be rich in methionine, cystine and tryptophan, they are deficient in lysine. 5) The sesamol, sesamolin and sesamin contents of the whole and decuticled sesame oil were approximatly equal amounts. 6) The oxalate and calcium contents of the decuticled sesame seed and its meal were also significantly lower as compared to the whole sesame samples.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.61-70
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• 2019

This study aimed to investigate the physicochemical characteristics of fish meal, bone meal, and sesame oil cake, which are readily available by-products from agriculture and fisheries, during the process of liquid fertilizer fermentation, and to examine the effects of liquid fertilizer application on seed germination and growth of tomatoes. During processing the fermentation for liquid fertilizers by using fish meal, bone meal, and sesame oil cake liquid fertilizers, the pH of the fertilizer increased in the order of bone meal > fish meal > sesame oil cake, and the concentration increased rapidly up to 30 days in all types of liquid fertilizer. The nitrogen content of the liquid fertilizers increased as fermentation progressed in the order of fish meal > bone meal > sesame oil cake. The phosphorus content increased as fermentation progressed and the highest was 1.0 % in the liquid fertilizer of sesame oil cake. The germination rate and its index of radish seeds were compared for different dilutions of each of the liquid fertilizers. Excluding the 10-fold dilution of the fish meal and oil cake liquid fertilizer, all the treatment groups showed a germination rate ≥ 95 % and the germination index tended to increase with dilution rate of liquid fertilizers. For responses of tomato growth, there were no significant differences among the liquid fertilizer treatment groups; however, the organic content, microbial density, and microbial biomass C in the soil were higher than chemical fertilizer treatment. These results demonstrated that there were differences in the characteristics of liquid fertilizers depending on the materials used, and that liquid fertilizer can be used for nutrition management for the organic crop cultivation.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.118-122
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• 1996

The main objectives of this study was to characterize physicochemical properties, oxidative stability and sensory property of perilla oil obtained by various roasting temperature and time. Roasting temperature of perilla seed was conducted from $150^{\circ}C\;to\;210^{\circ}C$ at the increment of $20^{\circ}C$, and roasting time was 10, 20 and 30 min. Yield of perilla oil was increased as the roasting temperature and time were increased. The content of linolenic acid, a major fatty acid in perilla oil, was 60%. There was no differences in fatty acid composition upon the roasting conditions. Unsaturated fatty acid was contained more than 88% of the total fatty acids. Contents of phosphorus in perilla oils were decreased as the roasting temperature and time were increased. Phosphorus contents were significantly decreased at $190^{\circ}C$ for 30 min and $210^{\circ}C\;for\;20{\sim}30$ min. Tocopherol contents were unchanged at the roasting conditions of present study and gamma-tocopherol was shown to be the major tocopherol. Sensory evaluation of perilla oil roasted in various conditions showed significant differences in taste, color, flavor and palatability. The perilla oil roasted at $190^{\circ}C$ for 20 min had the best palatability.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.334-346
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• 2023

The antioxidant ability of 80% ethanolic extract of nutmeg seed (NM80) was evaluated using in vitro assays and bulk oil and oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion matrices. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) cation radical scavenging, and oxygen radical antioxidant capacity (ORAC) in vitro assays were used to evaluate the antioxidant ability of the extract. The DPPH radical scavenging activities of 25, 50, 100, and 200 ㎍/mL NM80 were 12.5, 20.9, 35.1, and 62.8%, respectively, while the ABTS cation radical scavenging activities were 2.7, 6.5, 30.5, and 29.8%, respectively, demonstrating a dose-dependent effect. The ORAC value was significantly higher at an NM80 concentration of 25 ㎍/mL than the positive control (p<0.05). The conjugated dienoic acid (CDA), ρ-anisidine, and tertiary butyl alcohol values in 90-min-heated corn oil containing 200 ppm of NM80 were significantly reduced by 3.26, 16.94, and 17.34%, respectively, compared to those for the sample without NM80 (p<0.05). However, the headspace oxygen content and CDA value in the O/W emulsion containing 200 ppm of NM80 at 60℃ had 6.29 and 82.85% lower values, respectively, than those for the sample without NM80 (p<0.05). The major volatile compounds of NM80 were allyl phenoxyacetate, eugenol acetate, and eugenol. NM80 could be an effective natural antioxidant in lipid-rich foods in bulk oil or O/W emulsion matrix.