• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.53-61
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• 2022

The goal of this research was to find the relationship between the work environment and societal issues that impede women's advancement to senior management positions. The study included 500 women professionals from diverse firms in Pakistan's business sector, of whom 100 were chosen as the sample size using a purposive sampling method. Experts confirmed the validity of the study tool, which was a questionnaire, and Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to verify its reliability (0.704-0.982). The model's standardized regression coefficients suggested that social factors (0.298) were the most important factors determining women's empowerment in terms of career development and that they were further influenced by factors related to the work environment (0.411). It was concluded that organizational rules for female employees assist them to maintain a balance between work and family, resulting in a less stressful working environment. The role of the social factor as a mediator is also thought to be important in maintaining a healthier work environment in companies. It was also determined that much more work needs to be done on promotional regulations, as well as gender-blind legislation so that women's professional advancement is not limited to middle management.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.435-441
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• 2023

From the mid-to-late 2010s, technology was frequently mentioned in the definition of digital transformation. In the early stages, the private sector started actively using it, and the public sector started to take it seriously. Divided into "providing value and cultural change, the main goals of digital transformation were accomplished, and the ideas of creating new values in social and industrial systems and applying digital technology appeared to be related. Digital transformation, defined as the idea of combining digital solutions to boost competitiveness and add value, necessitates social innovation and cultural shifts at the national level. In order to encourage the digital transformation of the industry, the Industrial Digital Transformation Promotion Act was passed in December 2021. This set the groundwork for a comprehensive and organized approach to facilitating the use of industrial information. We will examine the nature and extent of digital transformation in this study, as well as discover the organizations and regulations that support it. We also want to examine the essential standards and technologies needed to put the digital transformation plan into practice. Lastly, We'll make some conclusions about how this will affect public services' digital transformation.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.51-57
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• 2016

Purpose - In the year of 2015 and 2016, one of the items that got attention in CES was a drone. It has been 100 years since a drone emerged, but most were used for military purposes. As its use became diverse as of 2010, it got attention of the general public. In Korea, it was in 2011 that a drone was known to the public through an aerial video shooting for television program. This study tried to come up with suggestions by comparing domestic with overseas cases, and tried to consider the related technologies and systems with applying the role of drones in logistics service. Research design, data, and methodology - The overseas cases were regarded as drone's logistical purpose. The Prime Air service by US Amazon is still not commercialized and under pre-testing due to Federal Aviation Regulations, although it started in 2013. In Germany, DHL succeeded in delivering service testing which is called Parcelcopter, but it is not commercialized yet. Other than these, there are more attempts to prepare logistics service in China with Taobao, in France with Geopost's test, and in Africa. In Korea, CJ Korea Express tested delivery with a self-developed drone Results - In order to study for utilizing drones for logistics as the prerequisites, some overseas and domestic cases, which are currently considered, were reviewed. Also, the technologies and institutional requirements to commercialize drones for logistical purpose were reviewed. The reasons for using drones in logistics is to ensure the price competitiveness by reducing cost. The empirical test also will be needed because drone pilot areas are designated by ministry of land, infrastructure and transport. Conclusions - In order to utilize drones in logistics and foster the industry, this study would like to suggest the followings. First of all, size of drones for logistics needs to be fixed and their operating system should be standardized. Centralized investment resources are needed through standardization to ensure the market occupancy. Secondly, it is necessary to get the converged businesses that do research, develop and commercialize drones with the investment of private sector. Example can be found in Korea aerospace Industries. We can respond to the rapid growth of the market with intensive investing by integrating the private sector investment. Thirdly, institutional arrangements are needed to be established quickly. In the case of high-technologies like drones, institutional support often does not follow the rapid development of the technology. The problems can be found in securing drones-only airspace, creating drone-specialized pilot's license, matters related to remote controller and complementary regulations for drones in Aviation Act. If these regulations are not prepared or complemented at the right timing, technologies cannot be commercialized even though the development is completed. Fourthly, there is a need to secure the transparency regarding possible privacy and personal information protection problem while operating drones. Finally, in order to foster this new industry, government should focus on supporting R&D more in the long term than short term outcomes.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.231-248
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• 2014

The role of the foreign direct investment is very crucial for the regional economic growth nowadays. The inward FDI in Korea has been increased since the Act of foreigner investment promotion in 1998. The municipal and national government have designated the special industrial zones and supported the diverse incentives for the foreign investment companies. The service sector had a large share of inward FDI. However, manufacturing sector overtook the service sector as the largest FDI in 2009. This study focuses on the greenfield manufacturing FDI, which was established from 1999 to 2012 in Korea. In order to find out the impacts of low-priced industrial electricity and loose environmental regulations on choosing Korea, this paper did in-depth interviews with MOTIE, Korea industrial complex, Korea Trade-Investment Promotion Agency, some FDI companies. Investment incentives such as low price of domestic industrial electricity strongly affect why manufacturing FDI companies choose Korea to invest. The Korean government has also acknowledges that low-price policy can internationally compete to attract FDI. There is a possibility that FDI energy-guzzling industrial companies may choose for Korea to use the low-priced electricity, raising the issue of supply-demand of electricity of Korea in the future.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.255-261
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• 2023

A main purpose of this research was to analyze environmental factors to influence helicopter accidents contrary to the fact that the almost 80% of helicopter accidents happened due to pilots' human errors. There have been about 14 helicopter accidents in civil aviation sector last decade. It is noteworthy that nine of 14 accidents happened during the external sling load operation. Moreover, there is no law or regulation which could cover the helicopter external sling load operation or human external cargo in Korea. In this paper, it was analyzed the training and education regulations regarding helicopter external sling load operation or human external cargo in regulations of FAA and EASA, Based on analyzing and comparing the FAR part 133 and domestic aviation law (aviation safety act and flight safety regulations), it was found out the implication how to apply helicopter type rating for external sling load operation and human external cargo operation. To sum up, this paper expect central government should cooperate and amend aviation law which apply external sling load operation and external cargo to establish sound safety culture in Korea.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.739-750
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• 2023

The quality certification for recycled aggregate is governed by the Construction Waste Recycling Promotion Act, overseen by the Ministry of Environment. The specific criteria for this certification are detailed in the Regulations on Quality Certification and Management of Recycled Aggregate, a mandate of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, and Transport. These regulations were initially enacted on April 10, 2006, and have undergone a total of 16 revisions to date, the most recent being on December 23, 2021. This paper delves into the revision history of these pivotal regulations pertaining to quality certification over the past 17 years, with a particular focus on the latest revision, which encompasses significant changes, including those in follow-up management. This analysis aims to aid stakeholders in the recycled aggregate sector, including 402 certified companies, in comprehensively understanding the government's strategic direction for quality certification and to encourage the recycling of construction waste by bolstering the quality certification process.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.131-144
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• 2013

The existing standard cost of project management of empowerment sector in general rural development project has problems with standard cost system without considering characteristics of empowerment project and unclear division of works. These problems are a lot of trouble to fulfill the project. Thus, it needs an arrangement of standard cost considering detailed characteristics of project management in the empowerment sector. The contents and results of this study can be summarized as follows. 1) To set accurate standard cost, we carried out three-step processes, such as elicitation of standard works, calculation of workload and determination of standard cost. (1) In an investigation of 30 rural area dividing 8 parts about an workload of empowerment project, an average workload is 1,499 hours. (2) Based on this results, the standard cost is calculated at 15% of project cost in over 600 million won, at 28.75% of project cost in under 500 million won, by standards of empowerment project cost. 2) It set the responsibility management cost to 15% of empowerment project cost considering existing awareness, workload and work professionalism of project management. Based on the results, It suggested the practical use as basis for efficient management of the future empowerment projects. To achieve this, It needs to promote maximizing results on the whole project through the legalization processes including amendment of existing regulations.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.355-361
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• 2019

Background: Painters in the automotive sector are routinely exposed to volatile organic solvents, and the levels vary depending on the occupational health and safety controls enforced at the companies. This study investigates the levels of exposure to organic vapors and the existence of controls in the formal economy sector in southern Colombia. Methods: This is an exploratory study of an observational and descriptive character. An analysis of solvents is conducted via the personal sampling of painters and the analysis of samples using the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health 1501 method. The amount of solvents analyzed varied according to the budget allocated by the companies. The person in charge of the occupational safety and health management system was interviewed to learn about the exposure controls implemented at the companies. Results: A medium exposure risk for toluene was found in one company. Another presented medium risk for carbon tetrachloride, xylene, ethylbenzene, and n-butanol. The others showed low risk of exposure and that the controls implemented were not sufficient or efficient. Conclusion: These results shed light on the working conditions of these tradespeople. The permissible limits established by Colombian regulations for the evaluated chemical contaminants were not exceeded. However, there were contaminants that exceeded the limits of action. The analysis of findings made it possible to propose improvements in occupational safety and health management systems to allow the optimization of working conditions for painters, prevent the occurrence of occupational diseases, and reduce costs to the country's health system.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.763-777
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• 2021

Information security started as an IT operation process and is now recognized as an important issue of information technology, and each international organization is newly defining the concept. Information security itself is a new combination of IT technologies, a set of technologies and a technology area. As IT outsourcing becomes common in many public sectors, SLAs are introduced to evaluate the level of IT services. In the area of information security, many studies have been conducted on the derivation and selection of SLA performance indicators, but it is difficult to find a way to apply the performance indicators to service level evaluation and performance systems. This thesis conducted a study on the application of a service evaluation system for information security performance indicators based on the public sector and a performance system including compensation regulations. It presents standards and rewards(incentive and penalty) that define expectation and targets of performance indicators that take into account the environment and characteristics of a specific public sector, and defines appropriate SLA costs. It proposes a change plan for the organizational structure for practical SLA application and service level improvement.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.773-781
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• 2016

The present SOLAS Convention has maintained safety regulations in a largely prescriptive form and this has become overly prescriptive now. The prescriptive rules do not properly reflect technical advances and changing environments in the maritime sector in a timely manner. The purpose of this study is to provide preliminary research to lay a foundation for the development of a new regulatory framework based on safety performance which is not a prescriptive rule making bases. This study reviewed the concept and characteristics of a minimum requirement, the implications of safety regulations in terms of strategic, commercial and technical aspects, the compensative correlation between constructional requirements and operational measures, the concept of safety with regard to final stage confirmation of functions, expansion of implementers and objects of safety regulations, and the balance between safety and environmental protection requirements. Based on these research, 10 principles for the rule formulation process has been suggested such as consideration on the hardware requirements and software requirement, the multi-stage approval concept, new safety concerns for complex shipboard systems, considerations on the human element, regulatory impact assessments and measures to reduce administrative burdens.