• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.67-85
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• 2009

This study aims to provide the research for dental technician's stress prevention and management with basic materials by understanding dental technician's psychosocial stress level and examining relevant factors. The subject of this study is 255 dental technologists who work mainly in Seoul Gyeonggi district for a month of April of 2009 and I conducted cross-sectional study through self administered survey. The contents of survey include general feature, occupational feature, health behavior feature. I used Karasek's Job Content Questionnaire, JCQ and Psychosocial well-being index, PWI-SF as means of measurement. To compare the level of dental technician's psychosocial stress, I conducted t-test and ANOVA and I measured the factors that are related with psychosocial stress symptom with step by step multiple regressive analysis. According to the result of Cronbach's a value which is yielded to verify the reliability of means of measurement, the reliability of concept is sufficient. The detailed result of this study is as follows. 1. According to the result of analyzing the stress symptom in accordance with general feature and occupational feature, those dental technologists who are older and not married, graduate from junior college, have lower position, work at university hospital or general hospital show lower stress(p<0.05). There is no difference in the level of psychosocial stress with regard to duty related feature, period of service, daily average working hours, monthly average pay. 2. With regard to health behavior feature, those dental technologists who control weight better and have meal more regularly show lower stress(p<0.05). Those dental technicians who smoke, drink liquid and take a suitable sleep show low stress but the difference does not have significance statistically. 3. With regard to the factors of stress in the workplace, those dental technicians who have lower duty related requirement, have higher duty related control ability, have higher social support, have less instability of employment and have less workload and physical burden show lower stress(p<0.05). 4. According to the result of analyzing the factors that influence dental technologist's stress symptom, social support has the most enormous influence on stress symptom. Unstable employment, regular exercise, regular eating, daily average sleeping hours and technological capacity are also important in this order. According to the result of this study, those dental technicians who have higher social support, less instability of employment, do exercise more regularly, take enough sleep more soundly and have higher technological capacity show lower psychosocial stress symptom. Therefore, to adjust appropriately the dental technician's stress and properly maintain and improve the dental technician's mental health, effective management plan that enables dental technicians to maintain smooth human relationships for dental technicians should be sought. In addition, heath education and health management for dental technicians should be given more thoroughly so that they can establish desirable health behavior in daily life.

• 한국가정과학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.55-74
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• 2002

This study, observing each respectively packaged Kongdduk during 12-day storing period and comparing it with unpackaged Kongdduk, through a cross-sectional view of its fiber and temperament, through a sensory evaluation rheometer measurement of rheological change depending on storing period and packaging type and through the organic acid content, micro-organic change, and retrogressive process. The results are as follows: 1. Kongdduk made of bean oil shows better chewiness, cohesiveness, and moistness than Kongdduk made of bean flour while Kongdduk made of bean flour shows better rheological properties as to roasted nutty taste or roasted nutty order. 2. The test of the cutted loaves of Kongdduk shows that adding oil of proper proportion to the dough of steamed rice cake in accordance with the amount of rice flour has a good influence on rheological properties of softness. 3. Rice cakes were prepared by addition of yellow soybean flour or peanut flour and packaged with CMP or VP, and their physical characteristics were monitored by sensory evaluation and mechanical measurement while storing for 6 days. For VP samples, yellow soybean rice cake showed little changes in cohesiveness, moistness and chewiness for 6 days of storage, while pure rice cake and peanut rice cake showed an increase in strength and hardness from the 4th day of storage. In case of CMP, yellow soybean rice cake hardly showed a difference in cohesiveness, moistness and chewiness for 6 days, while pure rice cake and peanut rice cake showed a significant difference from the 4th day in sensory evaluation. 4. For rheometer measurement, yellow soybean rice cake with CMP or VP showed little changes in strength or hardness for 6 days, while peanut rice cake and pure rice cake showed a drastic decrease in cohesiveness, from the End day and adhesiveness from the 4th day of storage. As there was no remarkable difference or deterioration for 6 days of storage in yellow soybean rice cake between CMP and VP, the ingredients of rice cakeappeared to be more important than the type of packaging in terms of quality deterioration of rice cake. 5. As the storing period passed by, organic acid is detected less at CMP-packaged Knngdduk than at wrapped. and its increasing speed proves to be slower as well. 6. The one wrapped with plyethylene film began to get moldy from pure rice cake or Kongdduk (rice cake mixed with yellow soybean or peanut) after 6 days, and more and more modly after 9 daysor after 12 days, but the CMP-packaged ones didn't get modly until 12 days or more. 7. CMP-packaged Kongdduk showed higher enthalpy of retrogradation than PE-wrapped one. As storing Period Passed by, Kongdduk,s enthalpy grew high. That is to say, it shows that Kongdduk got retrograded.

• 헤리티지:역사와 과학
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.30-43
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• 2017

이 연구는 레이저스캐닝 중심의 문화유산 기록화 분야에서 포토그래메트리의 유용성 제고에 목적을 두고 있다. 두 계측기술(레이저스캐닝, 포토그래메트리)은 홍성 신경리 마애여래입상을 중심으로 정확성과 사실성 측면에서 비교되었다. 정확성 측면에서는 형상정보별 주요 지점과 두 형상정보 사이의 거리가 비교되었다. 마애불의 형상정보별 주요 지점의 거리 측정에서는 약 1mm 내외의 편차만이 확인되었다. 특히 정합을 통해 확인된 두 형상정보 사이의 평균거리는 약 0.01mm에 불과했다. 또한 약 2mm 이내의 절대편차가 전체의 70%를 차지하였으며, 약 3.5mm 이내의 절대편차가 전체의 95.4%로 확인되었다. 이러한 수치들은 레이저스캐닝 대비 포토그래메트리의 매우 높은 일치도를 보여주었다. 사실성 측면에서는 조각 깊이, 질감, 문양이 비교되었다. 4개의 단면 형상을 비교한 결과 두 계측기술별 형상정보는 미세한 차이만을 보였고, 전반적으로 유사한 형상이 확인되었다. 두 형상정보의 전체적인 질감도 유사하였다. 하지만 데시메이션이 적용된 포토그래메트리 기반의 세부 형상은 실물과 레이저스캐닝에 비해 매끄러운 질감으로 구현되었다. 특히 포토그래메트리는 레이저스캐닝과 동일하게 마애불에 조각된 다양한 문양도 사실적으로 구현하였으며, 얕은 깊이의 문양도 비교적 세밀하게 나타났다.

• 치과방사선
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.27-47
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy and usefulness of spiral tomography through the comparison and analysis of SCANORA cross-sectional tomographs and DentaScan computed tomographic images of dry mandibles taken by a SCANORA spiral tomographic machine and a computed tomographic machine. Thirty-one dry mandibles with full or partial edentulous areas were used. To evaluate the possible effect of location in the edentulous area, it was divided into 4 regions of Me (region of mental foramen), MI (the midportion between Me and M2), M2 (the midportion between mental foramen and mandibular foramen) and S (the midportion of the mandibular symphysis). A ZPC column (sized 4 mm x 5 mm) was seated on the edentulous regions of Me, MI, M2 and S using the acrylic stent. Then SCANORA spiral tomography and computed tomography were taken on the edentulous regions which contained the ZPC column. The ZPC columns and cross-sectional images of the mandible were measured in the radiographs by three observers and the differences between the two imaging modalities were analysed. The results were as follows: 1. In comparing the actual measurements of the ZPC column and measurements in the radiographs, the mean error of the DentaScan computed tomography was 0.07 mm in vertical direction and -0.06 mm in horiwntal direction, while the mean error of the SCANORA spiral tomography was 0.06 mm in vertical direction and -0.12 mm in horizontal direction. There was a significant difference between the two radiographic techniques in the horizontal measurement of the ZPC column of the symphysis region (p<0.05). But there was no significant difference in the measurements of other regions (p>0.05). 2. In measurements of the distance from the alveolar crest to the inferior border of the mandible (H), and of the distance from the alveolar crest to the superior border of the mandibular canal (Y), there was no significant difference between the two radiographic techniques (p>0.05). 3. In measurements of the distance from the lingual border of the mandible to the buccal border of the mandible (W), and of the distance from the lingual border of the mandible to the lingual border of the mandibular canal (X), there was a significant difference between the two radiographic techniques in measurements of the midportion between the mental foramen and the mandibular foramen (M2) (p<0.05). But there were no significant differences in measurements of the other regions of symphysis (S), mental foramen (Me), the first one-fourth portion between the mental foramen and the mandibular foramen (M1) (p>0.05). 4. Considering the mean range of measurements between observers, the measurements of SCANORA spiral tomography showed higher value than those of DentaScan computed tomography, except in measurements of symphysis (S). 5. On the detectability of the mandibular canal, there was no significant difference between the two radiographic techniques (p>0.05). In conclusion, SCANORA spiral tomography demonstrated a higher interobserver variance than that of DentaScan computed tomography for implant site measurements in the posterior edentulous area of the mandible. These differences were mainly the result of difficulty in the detection of the border of the mandible in SCANORA spiral tomography. But considering the cost and the radiation exposure, SCANORA spiral tomography can be said to be a relatively good radiographic technique for implant site measurement.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.17-24
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• 2023

이 논문은 total flux leakage (TFL) 방법을 이용해 외부텐던을 비파괴검사 하는 솔레노이드 형태의 센서의 측정 신호를 후처리하는 방법을 소개한다. 기존에 개발된 TFL 솔레노이드 센서는 1차 코일과 2차 코일로 이루어져 1차 코일에 정현파 형태의 교류를 입력하면 2차 코일에 그 미분에 비례하는 신호가 측정된다. 이때 진폭은 텐던의 단면에 비례하므로 파단 및 부식 여부를 확인할 수 있다. 따라서 TFL센서의 측정신호에서 진폭정보를 추출 하는 것이 중요한데 기존에는 단순히 극댓값을 모아 진폭정보를 취득했다. 하지만 이 방법을 사용하면 측정빈도가 크게 낮아져 추가적인 신호처리 및 인공지능 적용에 많은 제약이 생긴다. 이 논문은 높은 측정빈도를 가진 진폭정보를 추출하기 위해 진폭복조를 응용해 진폭정보를 획득하는 방법을 제시한다. 진폭복조를 이용해 진폭정보를 취득하면 측정빈도를 원시신호와 동일한 수준으로 유지할 수 있다. 이 방법은 TFL센서의 1차 코일 입력 주파수 선택과 센서를 외부텐던에 적용하는 속도 등에 제약을 없애주어 개발 방향에 많은 자유도를 부여한다. 또한 높은 측정빈도를 유지하므로 추가적인 신호처리나 인공지능 등을 활용 하는데 유리함을 제공한다. 제안된 방법은 실내실험을 통해 검증 되었으며 기존 방법과 비교해 어떤 장점이 있는지 분석했다. 제시된 예제의 경우 진폭복조를 사용한 방법이 기존 방법에 비해 100배 높은 측정빈도를 제공 하는 것을 확인 할 수 있었다. 주어진 상황과 구체적인 장비 설정에 따라 차이가 있겠지만 대부분의 경우 진폭복조를 사용해 진폭정보를 추출하면 기존 방법 대비 만족할만한 결과를 얻을 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권11호
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• pp.138-144
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• 2017

오늘날 전력수요 급증에 따른 전력소비량이 증가하고 있어 전력손실을 줄일 수 있는 에너지 저감을 위한 설계 또는 설비 대체로 전력의 고품질화가 필요하다. 배전반이란 한전의 발전설비로부터 전기를 공급받아 각 건물에 필요한 설비에 계통별 또는 용도별로 나누어 주는 기계장치이다. 배전반은 일반적으로 외함, 개폐기, 전력용 도체, 제어부분으로 구성된다. 본 연구는 배전반내의 메인 요소인 통전을 위한 전력용 도체에 관한 것이다. 실효교류저항 측정시험을 통해 기존방식 판상도체의 수직 배열구조가 비효율적 구조임을 입증해 본다. 실효교류저항이 많이 증가하면 표피효과로 인해 상대적으로 도체의 단면적이 커지게 된다. 본 연구는표피효과를 줄여 실효교류저항을 최소화시키는 애스터리스크(*) 배열구조를 기반으로 설계하여 에너지 절약과 원자재 절감을 연구하였다. 본 연구의 핵심기술 원리는 애스터리스크 배열구조를 적용하여 도체저항 감소기술 기반 에너지 절감 수배전반이다. 수배전반의 교류전력 공급용 판상도체 각각(rst 또는 abc)의 상에서 발생한 자기장이 상호작용으로 상쇄 소멸될 수 있도록 한 판상도체 배열구조에 관한 것으로 효과로는 판상도체에서 유도성 리액턴스의 발생량이 줄어들면서 유효단면적이 증가, 실효교류저항을 줄인다.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.90-95
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• 2017

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the physical therapists' perception of the use of gait measures, the frequency of the gait measures used, and also to identify the barriers that limit the use of these assessment tools. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Physical therapists from the Seoul, Gyeonggi area from March to July 2016 were included in the study. Over the course of 18 weeks, a cross-sectional study was conducted with a self-report questionnaire. A total of 700 questionnaires were distributed and 350 questionnaires (50%) were collected, however with the exclusion of 140 questionnaires due to non-consent, a total of 210 questionnaires (30%) were analysed. Results: Out of the 10 standardized assessment tools, the therapists showed the highest perception for the timed up and go test (TUG [n=153, 72.9%]) and they also had high perception for the 10 meters walk test (10MWT [n=149, 71.0%]), and 6-minute walk test (6MWT [n=123, 58.6%]). The respondents answered that the TUG (n=116, 55.2%), 10MWT (n=100, 47.6%), and 6MWT (n=51, 24.3%) was used the most often. On the contrary, only four (1.9%) therapists have used the Chedoke-McMaster stroke assessment and the Rivermead Mobility Index. The lack of time was considered as the most important barrier to the use of assessment tools in clinical practice. Conclusions: Through this study, it has been shown that the domestic physical therapists used the TUG and the 10MWT mainly due to high recognition and evaluation status; however, the lack of time was the greatest impediment to the clinical application of the gait assessment tools.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.84-88
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• 2016

Objective: Generally, it is known that there is a correlation between excessive calcaneus eversion and a patient with low back pain and it also affects pelvic alignment. However, there are not enough studies that show calcaneal eversion having an effect on the alignment of the trunk. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: A 3-dimensional motion analysis system was used to assess the lower limbs, pelvic alignment, and trunk alignment with increased unilateral and bilateral calcaneal eversion in twenty-one subjects. All subjects were asked to maintain a static posture for seven seconds on a wedge three times per posture for measurement and analysis purposes. The wedge used in the process was a lateral wedge with a 10-degree tilt to the lateral direction. To unify all of the subjects' foot position, the front and inner side of the wedge were marked. The height of the tilted wedge's inner side and flat wedge were balanced equally in order to be able to maintain the lateral part of the foot to the same height when producing an increased calcaneal eversion. Results: Comparing the changes in trunk and pelvic alignment in accordance to calcaneal eversion for each posture, there was a significant different in the X and Y-axis for each posture, but not in the Z-axis (p<0.05). Thus, it can be confirmed that calcaneal eversion in the sagittal plane and frontal plane may have and effect on the pelvis and the trunk. Conclusions: Postures with increased bilateral and unilateral calcaneal eversion has an effect on pelvic alignment, but does not cause any changes in trunk alignment.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.101-105
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• 2016

Objective: The purpose of this study was to measure the change in pain threshold of levator scapular muscle, carniovertebral angle, and head position angle when applying a head-weight device on healthy adult. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: This study was conducted with 21 healthy adult male and female who voluntarily agreed to participate in this study after being informed of the purpose and method of this study. After measuring the cervical angle and pain threshold of levator scapular muscle, subject was instructed to walk for 5 minutes on a treadmill at a speed of less than 5 km/h while wearing after wearing head-weight device of 0.5 kg. Then, cervical spine angle and pain threshold of levator scapula muscle were re-measured. Measurement of cervical spine angle was conducted with photo by using the Bluebeam Revu software and the pain pressure thresholds (PPTs) were measured using an electronic algometer over potential trigger points on the body. Results: The results cervical angle showed a significant change, from $49.62^{\circ}$ to $52.10^{\circ}$ (p<0.05). PPT showed a significant change, from 30.71 to 36.89 (p<0.05). Conclusions: These findings suggest that applying head-weight device has a positive influence on increasing cervical angle and reducing pain when applied as a therapeutic intervention method of forward head posture.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.205-214
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• 2003

Purpose: This study was conducted to examine the nurses' knowledge about and attitude toward cancer pain management. Method: Study subjects of this retrospective cross-sectional survey study were 343 nurses sampled conveniently in a tertiary teaching hospital in Seoul. Seven measurement tools were used to collect data on demographic data, knowledge about and attitude toward cancer pain management, barrier to cancer pain management, knowledge about and concerns for the opioid use, and professional education of cancer pain management. Result: Nurses showed knowledge deficit when their knowledge on the cancer pain management and the opiod use was evaluated using two case scenarios and the 15-item questionnaire respectively. Ninety-five percent of the nurses believed that cancer pain management is a major problem. However, inadequate staff knowledge of pain management was rated as the single most important barrier to adequate pain management by 20.4% of nurses. Only 10.9% and 23.2% of the nurses replied that nursing school's education and professional education in cancer pain management respectively, were adequate. Conclusion: This study confirms the existence of knowledge deficits and attitudinal barriers among Korean nurses that can impede cancer pain management. This study suggests a need for professional education for nurses on cancer pain management.