• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• v.36 no.5
• /
• pp.637-641
• /
• 2009

Purpose: Most unilateral secondary cleft lip nose deformities have depressed nostril base and sill on the cleft side. To obtain a symmetric nose, correction of the recession on nostril is critical. The authors have worked out effective methods to elevate the nostril of the cleft side according to the extent of the depression. Methods: A total of 115 unilateral secondary cleft lip nose deformity patients with nostril depression were evaluated. Data were acquired from patients' charts and photography with special reference to the height difference of the nostrils between the cleft side and the non - cleft side. Patients were divided into three groups based on the difference and operated with various techniques : (1) mild degree(< 1 mm) with graft, (2) moderate degree(1 ~ 3 mm) with C - flap or suspension suture of septal cartilage (3) severe degree(> 3 mm) with graft, C - flap and suspension suture. Follow - up period averaged 21.3 months. Results: Forty - six patients(40 percent) were in mild group, and forty - two(37 percent) were in moderate. In twenty - seven patients(23 percent), nostril recession was more than 3 mm. The elevated nostril base and sill were maintained without height alteration during follow - up. Conclusion: The symmetry of the nostril base, especially projection of nostril sill influences successful correction of unilateral cleft lip nose deformity. Our tolerable techniques can be applied to most deformities with nostril depression and can present a new guideline.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.255-262
• /
• 2008

Methyl jasmonate (MJ) and yeast extract (YE) induce protein expression and benzophenanthridine alkaloid accumulation in Eschscholtzia californica suspension cell cultures. One hundred ${\mu}M$ MJ primarily induced dihydrosanguinarine $(509.0{\pm}7.4mg/l)$ ; 0.2g/l YE induced sanguinarine $(146.8{\pm}3.8mg/l)$ and an unknown compound. These results occur because dihydrobenzophenanthridine oxidase (DHBO) is induced by YE and not by MJ. YE and chitin (CHI) had similar effects on sanguinarine production and DHBO expression. Differential induction of secondary metabolites was shown in E. californica suspension cultures and the expression of proteins confirmed the metabolite results. Furthermore, treatment by various oligosaccharides helped us to understand the elicitation effect of YE in signal transduction pathways.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.44 no.2
• /
• pp.84-86
• /
• 2001

Capsaicin synthesis by suspension cultured cells of Jalapeno pepper (Capcicum annuum L.) was assessed in vitro under various conditions including temperature (23 and $30^{\circ}C$), light intensity (with light and without light), and shaking speed (110 and 200 rpm). Capsaicin production increased, while the cell biomass growth decreased possibly due to the production of a secondary metabolite. Capsaicin synthesis was primarily affected by light condition. Cells cultivated at 110 rpm and $23^{\circ}C$ under light condition yielded the highest fresh weight, while those cultivated under the same condition, but without light resulted in the lowest cell mass. Capsaicin content in cells of 18-day-old pepper grown at 110 rpm and $23^{\circ}C$ under light was 0.125% of the cell mass. However, without light treatment, the capsaicin content in cells at the same shaking speed and temperature increased up to 169%, indicating no light is favored in the capsaicin synthesis by Jalapeno pepper. Increasing the shaking speed from 110 to 200 rpm without light enhanced the capsaicin synthesis. Results of this study demonstrate that light condition is the limiting factor in the synthesis of capsaicin in tissue-cultured Jalapeno pepper cells.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
• /
• 2011.10a
• /
• pp.2263-2268
• /
• 2011

THE VIBRATION MODE OF RAILWAY VEHICLE IS DIFFICULT TO FIND OUT THE CHARACTERISTICS OF MOTION DURING THE OPERATION ON THE TRACK BECAUSE THESE HAPPEN TO INDEPENDENCE OR DUPLICATION MOTION CAUSED BY VEHICLE, WHEEL/RAIL INTERACTION, TRACK IRREGULARITY AND FAILURE OF THE SUSPENSION & POWER TRANSMISSION DEVICE ETC. IT IS NAMED AN ABNORMAL VIBRATION THAT THE VIBRATION, WHICH WAS PASSED THE PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SUSPENSION, IS AFFECTED TO THE PASSENGER OR DRIVER WITHOUT DAMPING. THIS PAPER DESCRIBES AN EXPERIENCE EVALUATION TO FIND OUT THE CAUSE OF AN ABNORMAL VIBRATION WHICH WAS HAPPEN AT THE CAB OF POWER CAR IN KTX-SANCHEON TRAINSET WHEN ON RUNNING AT HIGH SPEED ZONE.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.327-330
• /
• 1990

The effects of various plant growth regulators, both auxins and cytokinins, on cell growth and berberine production were investigated in cell suspension cultures of Thafictrum rugosum. Indole-%-acetic acid (IAA) was found to be the best for berberine production among five examined plant growth regulators and the optimum concentration of IAA was 1 $\mu \textrm M$. The enhancement compared to control 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) was more than 60%. Simultaneous addition of cytokinins such as kinetin and 6-benzylamiroyurine (BA) was inhibitory.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
• /
• 2002.05a
• /
• pp.1110-1115
• /
• 2002

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of the parameters of the suspension system in railway rolling-stock for KT-23 type passenger vehicle. According to the results of simulation and the small scale vehicle test. Optimal condition was obtained for the stiffness ratio of the primary spring and secondary spring of the suspension system. When the stiffness ratio was Increased, the vortical vibration was increased on the car body for empty and weight car. The result of this study are stable to use of the optimum parameter of the ride duality of KT-23 type vehicle. Also, it is usefull to development of full scale vehicle dynamomer

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
• /
• v.28 no.5
• /
• pp.543-550
• /
• 2011

The development of railway vehicles such as new mechanism of railway vehicle or design parameters of suspension have been used the application of scaled roller rig to the study of railway vehicle dynamics. In this paper, the critical speed was compared between full scale and 1:5 scale of numerical model. And to verify the simulation results, the critical speed was confirmed using the 1:5 scaled roller rig. According to the results, we expect that the developed roller rig will be used in the study for the dynamic characteristics of railway vehicle.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
• /
• v.5 no.5
• /
• pp.350-354
• /
• 2000

The growth promotion of a Taxus brevifolia cell suspension culture was investigated using conditioning factors. The conditioning factors produced and secreted from cultured cells usually stimulate cell division and the production of secondary metabolites. Therefore, the effective incubation time for the optimal secretion of conditioning factors was firstly determined for the promotion of cell growth. Conditioned media obtained by cultivating for 2 and 5 days showed the promotion of initial cell growth during the early cell growth period. However, the positive effect of the conditioning factors on the initial cell growth did not continue because of the depletion of the medium nutrients. Accordingly, the addition of a carbon source to the conditioned medium prolonged the positive effect on the cell growth. The addition of sucrose to the conditioned medium resulted in the maximum cell density being reached 4 days earlier compared to the control group and an increased substrate yield.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
• /
• 2008.06a
• /
• pp.835-840
• /
• 2008

Next Generation High Speed Train having a distributed electrical motor system has just been developing to aim the experimental maximum speed at 400km/h since August, 2007. This project is in stage of concept design and so, it needs to take some review and analysis the characteristics of suspensions on the view of concept design. A vehicle modeling is made of modified Korean High Speed Train bogie model with Vampire program and analyzed the effect on the dynamic performances according to the variation of primary and secondary suspension characteristics. The results would be useful to manage the potential risks in the next stage of basic and precision design that will be done by the manufacturing company.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
• /
• 1998.05a
• /
• pp.572-579
• /
• 1998

In this paper, an analytical model for analyzing the interaction between train and floating slab track is presented. Train is modelled by 4-lumped masses system which are composed of a carbody supported by secondary suspension, a bogie frame supported by primary suspension, and two wheelsets supported by nonlinear Hertzian springs. In the track model, rail is considered to have a distributed mass and to be supported discretely at sleepers above ballast on slab. The slab supported by discrete isolators put on fixed floor is modelled by finite beam elements. Numerical analyses are carried out to examine anti-vibration effect of the GERB slab track which is same type laid in Puchon station on the subway No. 7 Line.