• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.49-61
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• 2012

This article set out to develop an old Chinese - modern Korean collated terminology by analyzing and paralleling Chinese-Korean translational terms relevant to Korean medicine at a minimum meaning unit from "Eonhaegugeupbang", "Eonhaetaesanjipyo" and "Eonhaetaesanjipyo". Those are composed of original Chinese texts and their subsequent corresponding Korean translations. It tries to make a list of translational standards of Korean medicine terms by classifying the cases of translational ambiguity in terms of disease, body position, thumbnail-pressing acupuncture method, and disease-curing method. The above-mentioned ancient books are medical classics written by Huh Jun, the representative medical physician, and published by the Joseon government. Thus, they are appropriate enough as historically legitimate medical documents, from which are drawn out words and terms to form an old Chinese - modern Korean collation dictionary. This collation glossary will contribute to the increased relevance of data ming, or information retrieval. in a database system and information search engine of massive Korean medical records, by means of providing a novel way to obtaining synchronized results between the original writings of old Chinese and the secondary translated ones of modern Korean. The glossary will promote the collective but consistent translation of numerous old archives of Korean medicine and in other related fields as well.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.909-914
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• 2009

A suspension is the most prior apparatus to decide vehicle's running safety and ride comfort, also the suspension stiffness is the most important parameter for the designing of the vehicle. Providing the strong stiffness with the primary suspension in order to improve the running safety with high speed, but it causes a problem with a curve running performance of a railway vehicle. Therefore, many studies deal with the optimal value of suspension stiffness. In this paper, we aim to optimize the suspension system to improve running safety by varying stiffness values of railway vehicle suspension. We have proceeded an analysis by design variables which are position, length, width, stiffness and damping coefficients of primary and secondary suspension to optimize the suspension characteristics. As a result of the optimization, we verified that the derailment coefficients of inside and outside of wheel are decreased in comparison with initial model.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.203-209
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• 2014

Usefulness and clinical availability for surgery efficiency were evaluated by conducting pre-operative planning with a model manufactured by desktop 3D printer by using clavicle CT image. The patient-customized clavicle fracture model was manufactured by desktop 3D printer of FDM wire laminated processing method by converting the CT image into STL file in Open Source DICOM Viewer Osirix. Also, the model of the original shape before damaged was restored and manufactured by Mirror technique based on STL file of not fractured clavicle of the other side by using the symmetry feature of the human body. For the model, the position and size, degree of the fracture was equally printed out. Using the clavicle model directly manufactured with low cost and less time in Department of Radiology is considered to be useful because it can reduce secondary damage during surgery and increase surgery efficiency with Minimal invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis(MIPO).

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.484-490
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• 2017

In order to examine flow characteristics according to the shape of the meandering low flow channel in the compound cross section typed straight channel, we assumed the representative channel type in Korea and confirmed the validity of the 3D numerical simulation by carrying out the hydraulic model. Based on this study, numerical simulations were also conducted on other types of river channel. As a result of the numerical model test (using the velocity value measured by the water depth observation from the hydraulic model test), it was confirmed that the numerical simulation results are in good agreement with the numerical simulation results. As a result of analyzing the flow field according to the changes in the shape of the low flow channel, it was confirmed that the secondary flow examined in the previous studies occurred. Also, it was confirmed that the maximum flow velocity point moves according to the expansion cross sectional area of flow in high flow plain. Ultimately, it is thought that it is necessary to understand the position of the water impingement (which is an important factor in river design) and the extent of the impact because the change of the channel width affects the flow.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.62 no.1
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• pp.14-18
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• 2018

The complexes $[Zn(L)(H_2O)_2]{\cdot}2NO_2$ (1) and $[Zn(L)(NO_3)_2]$ (2) (L = 3,14-dimethyl-2,6,13,17-tetraazatricyclo $[14,4,0^{1.18},0^{7.12}]$docosane) have been synthesized and structurally characterized. The compound 1 crystallizes in the monoclinic system $P2_1/c$ with a = 8.74650(10), b = 18.6880(3), c = $7.96680(10){\AA}$, ${\beta}=109.1920(10)^{\circ}$, $V=1229.84(3){\AA}^3$, Z = 2. The compound 2 crystallizes in the monoclinic system P1 with a = 8.1292(5), b = 8.9244(5), c = $9.1398(5){\AA}$, ${\alpha}=68.035(2)$, ${\beta}=70.109(2)$, ${\gamma}=75.649(3)^{\circ}$, $V=572.70(6){\AA}^3$, Z = 1. The crystal structures of the compounds 1 and 2 show a distorted octahedral coordination geometry around the zinc(II) ion, with four secondary amines and two oxygen atoms of the two water and two nitrate ligands at the axial position. The TGA behaviors of the complexes are significantly affected by the nature of the tetraaza macrocycle and the axial ligands.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.421-435
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• 2012

Novel $N_2O_2$ tetradentate ligands, H-3BPD and H-2BPD were synthesized. Hydrochloric acid salts of Br-3BPD, Cl-3BPD, Br-2BPD and Cl-2BPD having Br and Cl substituents at the $para$ position of the phenol hydroxyl group, were synthesized. The ligands were characterized by C. H. N atomic analysis, $^1H$ NMR, $^{13}C$ NMR, UV-visible, and mass spectra. The proton dissociation constants ($logK_n{^H}$) of the phenol hydroxyl group and secondary amine of the synthesized $N_2O_2$ ligands were shown by four step wise values. The orders of the calculated overall proton dissociation constants ($log{\beta}_p$) were Br-3BPD < Cl-3BPD < H-3BPD in case of 3BPD and Br-2BPD < Cl-2BPD < H-2BPD in case of 2BPD respectively. The order agreed well with that of $para$ Hammett substituent constants(${\delta}_p$). The stability constants($logK_{ML}$) of the complexes between the synthesized ligands and transition metal(II) ions agreed with the order of $log{\beta}_p$ of the ligands. The order of the $logK_{ML}$ value of the each transition metal (II) ion was Co(II) < Ni(II) < Cu(II) > Zn(II) > Cd(II) > Pb(II), which agreed well with that of Iriving-Williams series.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.247-280
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate the actual conditions of management of the healthy family field practicum and to present suggestions for its improvement. For this purpose, a preliminary investigation, survey, data analysis, interview as secondary source, and final data analysis were processed as research methods. The subjects of this study were the 42 supervisors in the centers which oversee the field practicum experience and the 12 supervisors in the centers which do not oversee the field practicum experience. 3 supervisors were interviewed to inquire about the reformation of field instruction in Healthy Family Support Centers. Analysis was made of the general characteristics of the above-mentioned 54 supervisors, including sex, age, academic background, certificate of qualification, class of position, and length of career related to the healthy family program. The environment of the field practice, such as the numbers of students supervised, time of field practice, practice hours, and so on, was examined in the centers which oversee the field practicum experience. The actual condition of operation investigated was divided into the preparatory stage, the early stage, the midterm stage, and the end stage. Research was conducted on the improvement of the field practicum, including the proper number of students supervised, adequate practice hours, interaction with universities or colleges, obstacles to the field practicum, and of practicum. The possibility and preparation of a further field practicum was conducted for 12 Healthy Family Support Centers, by inquiring about (a) the reasons for not overseeing the field practicum experience and (b) the needs of universities or colleges for a field practicum. The 54 supervisors surveyed suggested a particular need for improvement in human resources, the space of field instruction, system of field practicum, length of practice hours, orientation for students etc. This study investigated the actual conditions and suggested improvements of the field practicum in Healthy Family Support Centers. Therefore, its results should be meaningfully used to develop the Field Practicum for the Healthy Family and to conduct further studies.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.45-51
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• 2002

We compared the complete mitochondrial cytochrome b gene sequences of Korean and European cobitids to provide independent evidence for assessment of systematic and biogeographic relationships of species in the genus Cobitis. The data suggested monophyly of the genus Cobitis and the inclusion of Korean Cobitis species within the group having one lamina circularis, a primitive condition. Also, all the phylogenetic analyses using maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood, and neighbor joining methods showed a monophyletic relationship among Cobitis. The basal position of the Caspian C. cf. sibirica reported here reflects the eastern Asiatic origin cf. the European Cobitis and establishes C. cf. sibirica as an independent lineage. The Korean C. pacifica diverged next to C. cf. sibirica in basal group from the genus Cobitis. This result is in agreement with the hypothesized Asiatic origin of some European freshwater fish lineages. The phylogenetic relationships in this study showed a close affinity between C. zanadreai and C. sinensis. Two new species, C. tetralineata and C. pacifica in Korea also are closely related to monophyletic group clustering the type species of the Acanestrinia subgenus (C. elongata) with all the endemic Italian species (C. bilineata and C. zanandreai). This may suggest that the affinity between the Korean and Danubian-Italian imply genetic convergence or genetic plesiomorphic state between allopatric species that are separated for the Miocene. The mtDNA-based phylogeny for the species of the genus Cobitis from Kores and Europe permits phylogenetic assessment of the morphological transitions of Iamina circularis.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.227-236
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of coordinative locomotor training (CLT) on the foot pressure and balance of patients with scoliosis. Methods: This was a single-case A-B-A study involving two patients with scoliosis. The study was designed to perform repeated measurements as follows: 5 times at baseline (A), 10 times during intervention (B), and 5 times after intervention (A). The study period was 5 weeks, and the CLT program was divided into warm up, CLT program, and cool down stages, at 50 min per stage. For the primary outcome measure, Gait View AFA-50 was used to determine the foot pressure and balance ability. For the secondary outcome measure, the SRS-22 questionnaire was used to assess the quality of life of the patients with scoliosis. Descriptive statistics and visual analysis using graphs were used to compare the rates of change. Results: The results of this study showed that the foot pressure and balance ability of the two subjects improved during the intervention period and remained improved even during the baseline period. However, their quality of life did not change after the intervention. Conclusion: CLT may have a positive effect on foot pressure and balance ability in patients with scoliosis. Also, this body function improvement may have positive effects on the performance of daily activities which employ the upright position.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.183-196
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• 2003

Purpose: This study sought to identify factors associated with dental hygienists' decisions to leave one dental office and commence practice in another. In addition to, the reasons dental hygienists stay in the profession were investigated. Demographic descriptors, including education level, marital status and age, and employment setting were also examined. Methods: Currently practicing dental hygienists in Korea were surveyed from March to May 2003. Data were collected through a questionnaire. The survey collected information concerning the 461 respondents' personal characteristics and reasons associated with changing positions and staying. Data were analyzed using frequency distributions, independent t-tests and chi-square analyses. All statistical analyses were conducted using the Statistical Package for Social Scientists(SPSS v.10, Chicago, Illinois). Results: The primary reasons for taking up another employment were found to be better offer, inadequate salary and personal conflict with dentist. Secondary reasons stated for changing their job revealed additional factors including inadequate salary, better offer, and lack of benefits. The primary influence in deciding to remaining in the practice of dental hygiene was self-development. Family responsibility, safe environment and professional collaboration were also important factors in deciding to remain in workforce. Conclusion: The position changes of dental hygienists are primarily influenced by better offer. Inadequate salary and conflict with dentist were also important factors in deciding to change employment positions. The findings suggest that dental hygienists who remain in the workforce are positively influenced mainly by self-development. Employers of dental hygienists should be aware of these factors in employing process. If more hygienists could remain longer in their positions, the manpower situation would be affected positively.