• Smart Structures and Systems
• /
• 제18권1호
• /
• pp.53-74
• /
• 2016

This paper presents an experimental study on constructing a tunable secondary suspension for high-speed trains using magneto-rheological fluid dampers (referred to as MR dampers hereafter), in the interest of improving lateral ride comfort. Two types of MR dampers (type-A and type-B) with different control ranges are designed and fabricated. The developed dampers are incorporated into a secondary suspension of a full-scale high-speed train carriage for rolling-vibration tests. The integrated rail vehicle runs at a series of speeds from 40 to 380 km/h and with different current inputs to the MR dampers. The dynamic performance of the two suspension systems and the ride comfort rating of the rail vehicle are evaluated using the accelerations measured during the tests. In this way, the effectiveness of the developed MR dampers for attenuating vibration is assessed. The type-A MR dampers function like a stiffness component, rather than an energy dissipative device, during the tests with different running speeds. While, the type-B MR dampers exhibit significant damping and high current input to the dampers may adversely affect the ride comfort. As part of an ongoing investigation on devising an effective MR secondary suspension for lateral vibration suppression, this preliminary study provides an insight into dynamic behavior of high-speed train secondary suspensions and unique full-scale experimental data for optimal design of MR dampers suitable for high-speed rail applications.

• 한국과학교육학회지
• /
• 제27권3호
• /
• pp.235-241
• /
• 2007

이 연구는 실험수업 유형 분류틀을 사용하여 초 중등학교에서 실시되고 있는 주요 실험수업의 유형들을 확인하는 것이다. 이 연구를 위해 사용된 실험수업 유형 분류틀의 타당도는 4.23이다. 이 연구를 위해, 초등학교에서 100차시, 중등학교에서 30차시의 실험수업이 분석대상으로 수집되었다. 실험수업들의 유형을 분석결과, 분석자간 일치도는 0.91이었다. 분석 결과, 초등학교에서는 발견실험수업과 확인실험수업이 주요 수업 유형임이, 중등학교에서는 확인실험수업과 발견실험수업이 주요 수업유형으로 확인되었다. 초등학교와 중등학교에서 대부분 실험절차가 교사나 활동지를 통해 학생들에게 주어지고 있었다. 실험의 접근방식은 초등에서는 귀납적인 형태가 많았고, 중등에서는 연역적인 형태가 많았다.

• 한국정밀공학회지
• /
• 제21권11호
• /
• pp.91-98
• /
• 2004

TFLIM(Transverse Flux Linear Induction Motor), making its closed magnetic path with the direction of the traveling field orthogonal, had been developed to decrease an edge effect of the general induction motor. To control the levitation force and the thrust force on the secondary part of TFLIM independently, the various methodologies have been presented. When we try to achieve the independent control using only the multi-phase inputs assigned in the stator coils as an approach, in which condition we can minimize the coupling effect between two forces\ulcorner In this paper, we show the qualitative influence of a slip frequency, an ac magnitude, a dc offset superposed in the ac power, and a major parameter of TFLIM on the couple through the computer simulation. And to realize the independent motions between levitation and thrust motion without any auxiliary means fur isolation of the secondary part of TFLIM, the decouple compensator is suggested, including the experimental results.

• Design & Manufacturing
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.66-71
• /
• 2021

In this study, die turning injection(DTI) mold design for manufacturing reservoir fluid tanks used for cooling in-vehicle batteries, inverters, and motors was conducted based on multi-field CAE. Part design, performance evaluation, and mold design of the reservoir fluid tank was performed. The frequency response characteristics through modal and harmonic response analysis to satisfy the automotive performance test items for the designed part were examined. Analysis of re-melting characteristics and structural analysis of the driving part for designing the rotating die of the DTI mold were performed. Part design was possible when the natural frequency performance value of 32Hz or higher was satisfied through finite element analysis, and the temperature distribution and deformation characteristics of the part after injection molding were found through the first injection molding analysis. In addition, it can be seen that the temperature change of the primary part greatly influences the re-melting characteristics during the secondary injection. The minimum force for driving the turning die of the designed mold was calculated through structural analysis. Hydraulic system design was possible. Finally, a precise and efficient DTI mold design for the reservoir fluid tank was possible through presented multi-field CAE process.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
• /
• 제8권6호
• /
• pp.1-12
• /
• 2005

Treatment level and pond reactions of a pond system were examined from May to October 2002. The system was constructed in July 2000 for purifying water of Sinyang stream that flows into Koheung Estuarine Lake located in the southern part of the Korean Peninsula. The system was composed of a primary and a secondary pond in series and established on the rice field near the lake. Water pumped from the stream was funneled into the primary pond, whose effluent was discharged into the secondary pond by gravity flow. Effluent from the secondary pond was funneled into wetlands. About 130 $m^3$/day of water was pumped into the primary pond and detention time of the primary and secondary pond was about 2 days. DO from the surface to the 1.0 m depth of the primary and secondary pond was in the rage of 5.2 to 11.0 mg/L and 4.3 to 0.7 mg/L, respectively. DO at the bottom layer of the primary pond was 0 mg/L and that of the secondary pond ranged 3.0~4.7 mg/L. The primary pond functioned as a facultative pond and the secondary as an aerobic one. The temperature difference between the surface and bottom layers of the ponds in August was about $2.5^{\circ}C$ and that in May and October was about $1.0^{\circ}C$. Thermocline was observed in the primary pond during the high ambient temperature of August. The sludge depth of the primary pond in May, August, and October was 2.4, 1.9, and 2.2 cm, respectively. That of the secondary pond was 1.2, 1.0, and 1.1 cm, respectively. SS, $BOD_5$, T-N, and T-P concentrations in influent averaged 16.64, 6.71, 6.21, and 0.23 mg/L and those in effluent from the primary pond averaged 11.48, 4.97, 4.81, and 0.17 mg/L, respectively. The removal rates of the primary pond for SS, $BOD_5$, T-N and T-P were 31%, 26%, 22%, and 24%, respectively. Average concentrations of SS, $BOD_5$, T-N, and T-P in effluent from the secondary pond were 9.81, 4.07, 4.03, and 0.14 mg/L, respectively and the abatement rates of the secondary pond for SS, $BOD_5$, T-N and T-P were 20%, 12%, 13%, and 15%, respectively. SS, $BOD_5$, T-N and T-P concentrations in effluent from the primary pond were significantly low(p=0.001) when compared with those from the secondary one.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
• /
• 제31권3호
• /
• pp.291-301
• /
• 1998

본 연구에서는 치수 및 이수에 있어서 항상 어려움을 겪고 있는 개수로 만곡구간에서 하상재료의 변화에 따른 흐름 및 하상변동 특성을 분석하기 위하여 중심각 180'인 만곡수로를 제작하고, 모래(D50 = 0.26 MM, S = 1.54)와 안트라싸이트(D50 = 0.26 mm, S = 1.54)를 하상재료로 선택하여 실험을 실시하였다. 실험결과, 최대세굴심은 만곡각 30'-60' 외측제방부근에서 평균수심의 약 2배까지 실측되었으며, 최대세굴심의 발생위치는 안트라싸이트인 경우에 모래에서보다 5'-15' 정도 상류부에서 관측되었다. 종단면 최대유속선은 하상재료와 관계없이 내측에서 외측으로 편의되고 있으며, 하상이 거칠수록 하류로 이동하였다. 하상이 매끄러울수록 흐름의 최대 편의각은 만곡수로 상류부에서 발생하고 있으며, 그 크기도 증가하였다. 안트라싸이트의 경우가 모래의 경우보다 2차흐름이 크게 발생하는 것으로 실측되었으며, 두개의 핵이 존재하는 현상이 관측되었다.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국소음진동공학회 2006년도 춘계학술대회논문집
• /
• pp.1306-1311
• /
• 2006

The root cause of abnormal sound from a heat exchanger of condensate water system in a nuclear power plant is investigated by using the impact signal-processing methodology based on the Hertz theory. The predicted results for the location of impact force and the loose part size meet good agreement with the identified materials during the overhaul period in the plant. Nuclear power plants have experienced several loose parts and the frequency of the loose part will be increased along the aging of the plants. So, this analysis methodology for the impact signal will be widely utilized for the primary and secondary side of the nuclear power plant.

• 전기의세계
• /
• 제30권4호
• /
• pp.219-226
• /
• 1981

The magnetic field distribution in saturable iron part of electromagnetic energy conversion divices is defined by the nonlinear quasi-Poisson enquation that is described the electromagnetic field characteristics and satisfied the natural boundary condition. The solution of this equation is obtained by minimizing an energy functional by means of trial function that defined in triangular subregion of two-dimensional field region. As a result, the accuracy of the machine design is increased by use of its solution. In this respect, this study is developed the basic theory to analyze the magnetic flux distribution in saturable iron part and air gap of induction motor that its secondary part is short circuit by the variational principle, the minimized theory of energy functional, the application of F.E.M., and treatment of computer. As theoritical data compared with the practics, the validity of the theory in this study is supported by experimental findings.

• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국소성가공학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.535-538
• /
• 2008

Insert-injection molding can inject two different materials or two colors in the same mold and process. If this injection process use, product has ability because the base part maintain strength and specified part can inject soft-material. It makes the cost down by single operation automatically for saving wages. In this paper, we designed double-injection mold for automobile remote control to inject secondary using this part as insert after inject external appearance of product. CAE analysis was progressed gate location and runner size as variable and analysis result is reflected in mold design process. As a result, it could solved badness that is generated at the conventional mold. Additionally, cost is downed by reducing loss of runner as well as could omit painting process because surface of finished product is improved through new mold.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.117-126
• /
• 1997

This Study was carried out to investigate the secondary cental nuclei innervating rat parotid gland. PRV-BaBlu as a neuronal tracer was injected into the left parotid gland and brains obtained through cardiac perfusion were treated by immunohistochemical staining. The results were as follows: L. The secondary central nuclei innervating rat parotid gland were paraventricular nucleus and central part of amygdaloid complex largely in diencephalon. 2. The paraventricular nucleus and central part of amygdaloid complex in diencephalon showed morphological asymmetry between PRV-BaBlu injected site and uninjected one. 3. The Ratio between total neurons and PRV-BaBlu infected neurons in paraventricular nucleus was $27.62{\pm}16.23\%$ in left and $12.78{\pm}8.69\%$ in right. 4. The Ratio between total neurons and PRV-BaBlu infected neurons in central part of amygdaloid nucleus was $14.25{\pm}9.26\%$ in left and $8.35{\pm}6.26\%$ in right.