• Title/Summary/Keyword: Second-order Factor Analysis

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Linear causality in moments from climate to international crop prices (국제곡물가격에 대한 기후의 고차 선형 적률 인과관계 연구)

  • Jeong, Kiho
    • Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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    • v.28 no.1
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    • pp.67-74
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    • 2017
  • This paper analyzes the causal relationship from climate to international grain prices. Although climate is an important factor affecting the grain markets, it has been restrictively considered in previous studies analyzing the causal relationship of international grain prices. In this paper, monthly data from May 1987 to 2013 is used for the causal analysis in which the sea surface temperature (SST), a representative global climate variable, and the international prices of wheat, corn, and soybean, the world's three major crops, are considered. The test method is the parametric version of the nonparametric test for causality in high-order moments suggested by Nishiyama et al. (2011). The results show that the climate causes in the first moment the prices of all the three grains and causes in the second moment the prices of corn and soybean, but does not cause in the third moment any of the three grain prices.

The Effects of Open Kitchen Employees' Emotional Labor on Job Satisfaction and Customer Orientation (오픈 주방 종사원의 감정노동이 직무만족과 고객 지향성에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Bong-Gon;Cho, Yong-Bum
    • Culinary science and hospitality research
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    • v.21 no.2
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    • pp.27-40
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    • 2015
  • This study conducted frequency analysis to explain demographic characteristics using SPSS 18.0 in order to examine the effects of emotional labor of open kitchen employees working for hotels or food service companies. In addition, factor analyses and reliability analyses were performed to test validity and reliability of measured items, and this study also conducted regression analyses in order to test proposed hypotheses in this study. Results are as follows: First, for the effects of the emotional labor of open kitchen employees on job satisfaction, it was found that deep acting has positive effects on job satisfaction, whereas surface acting has negative effects on it. Second, the result shows that job satisfaction has a positive (+) effect on customer orientation. Third, it was found that deep acting has positive effects on customer orientation, while surface acting does not have any significant effects on it. It is considered that supervisors and colleagues' support and assistance are required as a way of reducing emotional labor of employees who work in the open kitchen.

Estimation of Pile Resistance Factor by CPT Based Pile Capacity (CPT결과를 이용한 항타말뚝 지지력 평가를 위한 저항계수 산정)

  • Kim Dae-Ho;Lee Jun-Hwan;Kim Bum-Joo
    • Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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    • v.21 no.10
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    • pp.113-122
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    • 2005
  • Application of Limit State Design in geotechnical engineering has become world-widely popular. While LRFD code in the North America presents geotechnical load and resistance factors, the values of resistance factors proposed by these methods are still unstable with limited application. CPT has been widely used for the pile design and various methods have been proposed to estimate the bearing capacity of piles. In this paper, resistance factors for representative pile design methods based on CPT results are evaluated. Field pile load test and CPT results were collected and analyzed in order to obtain necessary statistical data and resistance factors. Resistance factors of the base, shaft, and total capacity are estimated. From fisrt order second moment (FOSM) analysis, resistance factors of $0.30{\sim}0.55$ are estimated for total load capacity.

Analyzing Contextual Polarity of Unstructured Data for Measuring Subjective Well-Being (주관적 웰빙 상태 측정을 위한 비정형 데이터의 상황기반 긍부정성 분석 방법)

  • Choi, Sukjae;Song, Yeongeun;Kwon, Ohbyung
    • Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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    • v.22 no.1
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    • pp.83-105
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    • 2016
  • Measuring an individual's subjective wellbeing in an accurate, unobtrusive, and cost-effective manner is a core success factor of the wellbeing support system, which is a type of medical IT service. However, measurements with a self-report questionnaire and wearable sensors are cost-intensive and obtrusive when the wellbeing support system should be running in real-time, despite being very accurate. Recently, reasoning the state of subjective wellbeing with conventional sentiment analysis and unstructured data has been proposed as an alternative to resolve the drawbacks of the self-report questionnaire and wearable sensors. However, this approach does not consider contextual polarity, which results in lower measurement accuracy. Moreover, there is no sentimental word net or ontology for the subjective wellbeing area. Hence, this paper proposes a method to extract keywords and their contextual polarity representing the subjective wellbeing state from the unstructured text in online websites in order to improve the reasoning accuracy of the sentiment analysis. The proposed method is as follows. First, a set of general sentimental words is proposed. SentiWordNet was adopted; this is the most widely used dictionary and contains about 100,000 words such as nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs with polarities from -1.0 (extremely negative) to 1.0 (extremely positive). Second, corpora on subjective wellbeing (SWB corpora) were obtained by crawling online text. A survey was conducted to prepare a learning dataset that includes an individual's opinion and the level of self-report wellness, such as stress and depression. The participants were asked to respond with their feelings about online news on two topics. Next, three data sources were extracted from the SWB corpora: demographic information, psychographic information, and the structural characteristics of the text (e.g., the number of words used in the text, simple statistics on the special characters used). These were considered to adjust the level of a specific SWB. Finally, a set of reasoning rules was generated for each wellbeing factor to estimate the SWB of an individual based on the text written by the individual. The experimental results suggested that using contextual polarity for each SWB factor (e.g., stress, depression) significantly improved the estimation accuracy compared to conventional sentiment analysis methods incorporating SentiWordNet. Even though literature is available on Korean sentiment analysis, such studies only used only a limited set of sentimental words. Due to the small number of words, many sentences are overlooked and ignored when estimating the level of sentiment. However, the proposed method can identify multiple sentiment-neutral words as sentiment words in the context of a specific SWB factor. The results also suggest that a specific type of senti-word dictionary containing contextual polarity needs to be constructed along with a dictionary based on common sense such as SenticNet. These efforts will enrich and enlarge the application area of sentic computing. The study is helpful to practitioners and managers of wellness services in that a couple of characteristics of unstructured text have been identified for improving SWB. Consistent with the literature, the results showed that the gender and age affect the SWB state when the individual is exposed to an identical queue from the online text. In addition, the length of the textual response and usage pattern of special characters were found to indicate the individual's SWB. These imply that better SWB measurement should involve collecting the textual structure and the individual's demographic conditions. In the future, the proposed method should be improved by automated identification of the contextual polarity in order to enlarge the vocabulary in a cost-effective manner.

The Effects of Transformational Leadership on Employees Job Satisfaction & Organizational Identification in Korean Hotel Industry (호텔기업 종사원의 변혁적 리더십이 직무만족과 조직 동일시에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Jun-Hyuk;Kim, Dong-Ki;Park, Ki-Ho
    • Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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    • v.15 no.2
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    • pp.27-48
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    • 2005
  • This study analyzed the structural elements of transformational leadership on hotel employees job satisfaction and organizational identification, and inquired into how moderating variables such as demographical characteristics and the features of hotels affect transformational leadership. The ultimate purpose of this study was to provide managerial implications to hotel business operators and hotel employees. The main results of this study are as follows; According to the result of factor analysis on transformational leadership and hotel employees job satisfaction, 18 variables were derived as two factors 'obliging leadership' & 'vision leadership' factor in the area of transformational leadership, and 31 variables were derived as four factors 'welfare and work environment', 'ability display and job stability', 'colleague relationship and job performance' and 'company policy' factor. Second, stepwise regression analysis on whether the type of transformational leadership at hotels has a significant effect on employees job satisfaction & organizational identification, 'vision leadership' and job satisfaction and the both 'vision leadership' & 'obliging leadership' among the types of transformational leadership appeared to have a significant effect on hotel employees organizational identification. Third, One-Way ANOVA and t-test in order to examine significant difference in the type of transformational leadership according to demographical characteristics and general characteristics, statistically significant difference was found according to income level, the current position, work experience, the type of hotel operation and the experience of job change.

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A Study on Method for Damage Calculation Caused by Bid Rigging in Alternative Tenders for Construction Projects -Utilizing the Difference of the Design Score & Bidding Rate as Factor - (건설공사 대안입찰 담합으로 인한 손해액 산정모델 연구 - 설계점수 및 투찰률 차이 인자 활용 -)

  • Min, Byeong-Uk;Park, Hyung-Keun
    • KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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    • v.38 no.5
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    • pp.741-749
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    • 2018
  • The purpose of this study is to propose a rational and scientific damage calculation model in relation to damages caused by bid rigging in construction projects. Previous studies and precedents in relation to calculating damages from bid rigging suggest that the main issue was the lack of consideration in standards for deciding successful bids, selection of inadequate standard comparative markets, insufficiency in analyzing the appropriateness of competitive bid price influence factors, and absence of calculation model verification. In order to improve on these issues, a damage calculation method on alternative tenders for construction projects was proposed. For this calculation model, first, a standard market adequate to the successful bid selection standards was determined, second, an appropriate factor was selected by analyzing the correlation between competitive bid price influence factors, and third, a regression analysis was conducted on the selected factor. Lastly, this was demonstrated through verification of appropriateness, significance & normality of the proposed model and application of actual bid rigging cases. Through the proposed calculation model, this study seeks to serve as a base to prevent opportunity damages for parties involved in related court cases by early resolution of disputes and relief from issues of unfair damage burdens on a particular party.

Visual Sensibility Evaluation of Fancy Yarns for Hand Knitting of using Computer Knitting Simulation -Application of SDS-ONE Paint Function- (Computer Knitting Simulation을 활용한 장식사 니트소재의 시각적 감성평가 -SDS-ONE의 Paint 기능 활용-)

  • Kim, Mi-Jin;Lee, Yoon-Mi;Kim, Young-Joo;Park, Myung-Ja
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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    • v.32 no.9
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    • pp.1333-1342
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    • 2008
  • This study intended to evaluate the visual sensibility of textiles of knitting simulation through the painting function of SDS-ONE, a computer knitting system, with the use of various fancy yarns for hand knitting. For this study, six kinds of fancy yarns with difference manufacturing style and form were selected: loop yarn, tamtam yarn, fur1 yarn, fur2 yarn, ladder yarn, and tape yarn. In order to create a computer knitting simulation, paint function of SDS-ONE was employed to scan the fancy yarns for hand knitting with a scanner. Then, after the registration of the yarns as data, the yarn was brought in for knitting simulation in plain stitch with 3 gauge. After that a survey was conducted involving 60 female experts in their twenties. Using SPSS 12.0, factor analysis, reliability, Pearson correlation coefficient, ANOVA, Duncan test, and regression analysis were performed to analyze the collected data. First, according to the result of analyzing the visual sense factor, three factors of the 'inflexibleness/ruggedness sense', 'lightweight sense', and 'smoothness sense' was extracted. According to the result of analyzing the visual sensibility factor, three factors of the 'activity', 'grace', and 'purity' was extracted. Second, With regard to preference and purchase intention, the knitted fabric with tamtam yarn(H2) was preferred than the other samples, indicating that the respondents had intention to purchase it. As for word-of-mouth intention, H2 ranked the first place, implying the respondents had intention to recommend it to other people. Third, the examination of the use of products each knitting simulation knit found that sweater and muffler are the most appropriate knit products. And H2 was the most suitable sample for sweater and muffler products. This study tried to prove that knit textile can be visually evaluated through a computer knitting simulation without the actual knitting and then to provide accurate data to related companies or the academic circle.

Mediating Effect of Job Stress in the Relationship between Childcare Teachers' Personality and Child Abuse (보육교사의 인성과 아동학대 관계에서 직무스트레스의 매개효과)

  • Kang, Young-Wook;Chae, Shin-Young
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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    • v.21 no.2
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    • pp.315-329
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    • 2021
  • The purpose of this study is to verify the mediating effect of job stress between childcare teacher personality and child abuse, and provides basic data on personality education and coping strategies for childcare teachers' job stress. A survey was conducted on 326 childcare teachers working at daycare centers in Incheon, Korea. The collected questionnaires were subjected to regression analysis, multiple regression analysis, and Sobel's Z-test according to the research purpose with using SPSS 20.0. The research results are as follow. First, it was found that job performance, a sub-factor of childcare teacher personality, had an effect on child abuse. Second, it was found that the sub-factors of childcare teacher personality, humanity, creativity and personality, social relations, and job performance had an effect on job stress. Third, it was found that childcare activities, the sub-factors of job stress, and the relationship with parents had an effect on child abuse. Fourth, it was found that childcare activities, sub-factors of job stress, partially mediated between job performance and child abuse, a sub-factor of childcare teacher personality. These findings suggest that in order to prevent and contain child abuse by childcare teachers, specific plan must be actively prepared to improve job performance skills related to childcare teacher personality and reduce the burden of child care activities which is a sub-factor of job stress.

Analysis of usage decision factors based on the satisfaction of smart seniors using smartphone delivery applications (스마트 시니어의 스마트폰 배달 애플리케이션 만족도 기반 이용결정요인 분석)

  • Choi, Bu-Heon;Moon, Su-Ji
    • Journal of Digital Convergence
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    • v.19 no.1
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    • pp.199-209
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    • 2021
  • The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors that affect the satisfaction of smart seniors using smartphone delivery applications. We established the hypothesis by dividing the factors that will affect the satisfaction of smart seniors using smartphone delivery applications into the characteristics of the delivery app and the personal characteristics of the smart senior. In order to verify the hypothesis, we surveyed adult men and women aged 50 to 65 years old who had experience using delivery apps, and we performed confirmatory factor analysis, correlation analysis, and path analysis to perform statistical processing for data analysis. The analysis results are as follows. First, we found that usefulness among the characteristics of delivery app had a statistically significant positive effect on the delivery app satisfaction of smart seniors. Second, we found that social empathy among the personal characteristics of smart seniors had a statistically significant positive effect on the delivery app satisfaction of smart seniors. Third, we found that delivery app satisfaction had a statistically significant positive effect on reuse intention. Based on research result, we suggested that in order to improve the satisfaction and use of delivery app by smart seniors, it is necessary to develop delivery app that can be usefully used by smart seniors and focus on social empathy.

Change of Functional Health Status according to Healthy Life-style of the Elderly Living in Rural Community (일부 농촌지역 노인의 건강생활습관에 따른 기능적 건강상태의 변화)

  • Hwang, Byung-Deog;Lee, Sang-Won;Moon, Hyo-Jung;Lee, Sung-Kook
    • Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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    • v.30 no.2
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    • pp.151-165
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    • 2005
  • Objectives: This study was to examine those life style factors which could affect the changes of health status indices such as ADL and IADL of the Elderly living in rural community. Methods: The subjects of the study were 1,295 elderly people of age over 65 years living in Gyungbook Sung-Ju area selected by random sampling for one month at October 1996. After 4 years, the follow-up study in those subjects were performed, ADL, IADL and general characteristics were measured. Those subjects who had shown high functional health status in first investigation were measured as how their health were changed in relation with their general characteristics and life styles in second investigation. Results: The factor analysis were performed in life style questions, and 6 factors composed of 15 questions of all were selected as the indices of life style. For ADL level, logistic regression analysis, age and educational level in men, and age and economic status in women had significant relation with health status change. Among life style factors, diet factor in men and diet factor, social activity factor in women were found to be significantly related. For IADL level, simple analysis showed that age in men and age, education level in women among general characteristics had related with health status change. Among life style factors, diet factor, stress relieving factor were related in women when general characteristics were also controlled diet factor, stress relieving factor were related in women. Conclusions: In order to prevent functional health status altering in the elderly, it is recommended that the intervention which could promote healthy life styles such as good diet habit, active social participation, and pertinent stress relieving should be considered.

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