• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.587-597
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• 2006

This study was performed in order to identify nutritional factors affecting on skin sebum content with 131 female university undergraduates in 2003. We measured the sebum contents of 4 facial spots to classify their skin types. Daily energy and nutrient intakes of the subjects were not deficient except in calcium and iron, which were 466.2 mg (66.6% RDA) and 8.5 mg (53.4% RDA) relatively. We observed no significant difference of energy and nutrient intakes among the 3 skin types. But significantly higher consumption of grains and slightly higher frequencies of several food groups (excepting starches) were shown in oily skin types, so they might have higher nutrient intakes. Serum indices and food preferences mostly revealed no difference among the 3 skin types. But in the oily skin type, serum phosphorus levels were significantly lower than others, suggesting phosphorus-rich food consumption like soft drinks and pains could lead to a dry skin type rather than an oily one. Also in the oily skin type, sweet taste preference was slightly tower than others; more-over, sweet intake was lower samely significantly. There was mostly no significant relationship between facial sebum contents and nutrient intakes, dietary behavior, food frequency and food preference except in some factors. Animal protein intake showed a significant negative relationship toward facial sebum content. On the other hand, in normal skin type, Fishes consumed was slightly higher than others, so that higher animal protein consumption presumably leads to normal skin type. Frequency of fried food and bacon and preference of fried foods showed slightly negative relationships toward facial sebum content. Regular meal times showed significantly increased facial sebum content.

• Proceedings of the SCSK Conference
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• 2003.09b
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• pp.424-437
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• 2003

This study was observed the variations in skin color, hydration, sebum content according to age groups at the forehead, both cheeks, and chin in 154 healthy Korean women subjects with aged 30 to 59. We selected four face sites (forehead, right cheek, left cheek, and chin) and measured with chromameter, corneometer, and sebumeter. All statistical analysis was performed on the computer software package SPSS 8.0. There was no significant difference of lightness between facial four regions in age groups but lightness showed to tend to age-related decrease on each regions. Redness and yellowness showed the highest values on chin and forehead respectively but there was no tendency to steady changes according to age variation. Both cheeks showed the highest hydration level and the lowest sebum content compared with forehead and chin in all age groups and there was tendency to age-related changes of sebum content on both cheeks. So we concluded there was decreasing tendency in lightness and sebum content according to the increase of age and there was no age-related change of skin hydration level at least in facial skin.(omitted)

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.233-239
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• 2013

In this study, water content, sebum content, and transepidermal water content were investigated to provide basic data for the future cosmetics industry as comparing the skin characteristics of different ages. Water content of cheek area, sebum content of nose area, and transepidermal water loss (TEWL) of cheek and forearm of trial subjects (total 638 people of both male and female) were measured. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences program (version 19.00; SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Water content, sebum content, and TEWL of skin were measured as mean ${\pm}$ standard deviation. As a result, water content of cheek from female was higher than male and the water content increased with the older ages. However, sebum content of nose from male was higher than female and the sebum content increased with the younger ages. TEWL of cheek from female was higher than male, but TEWL of forearm from male was higher than female. Therefore, these results can be used as basic data in the development of future cosmetics for different ages and genders.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.28 no.9
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• pp.1493-1498
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• 2007

In this work, alkyl methacrylate-based microgels were synthesized by an experimental design method, and their sebum absorption characteristics were investigated. The results of fractional factorial experimentation indicated that the cross-linking agent content, solvent content, and stirring speed were the main parameters in the synthesis of the microgels. The suitable synthesis conditions were determined by the response surface design method. Through a study of the monomer and solvent effects, it was confirmed that the microgel shows the highest sebum absorption ratio when t-butyl methacrylate is used as a monomer or when acetone is used as a solvent. The optimal microgel synthesis conditions for cosmetic application were determined, and the resulting microgel had a mean particle size of 4.7 μm and a sebum absorption ratio of 435%.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.215-221
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• 2010

This study was performed to analyze the relationship among sebum hydration content of the skin and nutritional intake, serum antioxidant minerals and antioxidant enzymes, and lipid peroxide concentration in 50 female subjects in their 20s. The skin type was divided into Dry Skin, Mixed Skin, and Oily Skin, and the dry skin group was 14%, the mixed skin group was 56%, and the oily skin group was 30% of all subjects. The average age of the subjects was $20.54{\pm}1.43$ years and BMI was 20.66. The average sebum content in each group was in the order of T-zone>forehead>chin>cheek. In case of the T-zone, a significant difference between the dry skin group and the oily skin group was observed, suggesting that the area is most sensitive to sebum content by skin type. Significant differences were not observed in energy and nutrient intakes by skin type. Serum concentrations of antioxidant minerals such as copper, manganese, zinc and selenium were not significantly different among the groups, but the dry skin group tended to be higher than the oily skin group. Serum catalase was significantly higher in the oily skin group (P < 0.05), and MDA was significantly higher in the mixed skin group (P < 0.05). The hydration of the cheek and serum zinc showed a negative correlation, and the sebum content of the cheek and GPx showed a significant negative correlation. The hydration of the forehead and serum copper showed a significant negative correlation, and the hydration of the forehead and GPx showed a significant positive correlation. The hydration of the chin and serum SOD showed a significant positive correlation. With these results, it is considered that the basic condition of nutritional status can affect the skin health.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.67-75
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• 2014

Objectives : The aim of present study was to investigate the skin characteristics of twenty-five healthy Korean subjects. These results can be used as basic data for the development of future herbal applications. Methods : Skin type, hair and scalp condition, water content, sebum content were investigated through the measurement of skin conditions and subjective questionnaire survey to know the skin characteristics of subjects. Results : Most of subject has 'Dry Skin' and they have trouble about their keratin(dandruff), scalp itching, alopecia, hair texture, scalp moisture. Conclusions : More studies are needed to investigate the skin characteristics of healthy Korean subjects.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.63-70
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• 1989

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.56-71
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• 2014

Objectives : This study was carried out to examine the change of scalp and hair condition and to evaluate the efficacy of hair growth, subject's satisfaction and safety of the Narasoo healing shampoo and Hair tonic Methods : We offered 25 subjects Narasoo healing shampoo and Hair tonic and observed the changes among the starting point, 3rd week and 6th week. Study methods include the measurement of water and sebum content of the scalp, photo of scalp and hair, thermographic images and questionnaires. Results : It is estimated that Narasoo healing shampoo and Hair tonic have the positive effects on increase of water contents hair gloss, removal of excessive hair keratin, facilitation of hair growth, and decrease of sebum contents. Conclusions : Several meaningful effects of Narasoo healing shampoo and Hair tonic are observed in this study. Additional research is needed forward.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.589-597
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to verify the acne care improvement effects of natural cosmetics with distilled bamboo vinegar contents and develop the materials for acne cosmetics. For the research subjects, 20 teenage boys and girls were selected and based on random number table, 10 subjects were assigned in the control group that used natural cosmetics (foam cleanser, toner, facial pack) and 10 subjects were assigned in the experimental group that used natural cosmetics with distilled bamboo vinegar contents (foam cleanser, toner, facial pack). The natural cosmetics was used for 12 weeks, and Mark-·Vu facial analysis system was used to measure the sebum, pore size, and redness before using the natural cosmetics, 6 weeks after using the natural cosmetics, and 12 weeks after using the natural cosmetics. For the collected data, SPSS v. 21.0 statistics package program was used for the analysis, and the results are as follows. First, it is a safe natural cosmetics based on the results of the patch test to confirm the skin safety of the natural cosmetics. Second, homogeneity was secured based on the results of the test of homogeneity for the sebum, pore size, and redness of the control group and experimental group. Third, in the verification of acne skin improvement effects of natural cosmetics with distilled bamboo vinegar content, the experimental group had higher reduction rate of changes in the sebum, pore size, and redness on the forehead and right cheek compared to the control group. Therefore, it was identified that the natural cosmetics with distilled bamboo liquid content is safe for the skin and effective for reducing the sebum, pore size, and redness for acne skin. For this reason, it is anticipated for distilled bamboo vinegar to be used in the cosmetics industry.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.113-124
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• 2019

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of sea cucumber extract on skin as a natural cosmetics functional material. Subjective evaluation of cosmetics before and after were conducted with questionnaires regarding moisture content, sebum content, melanin index, and erythema index. Experiments were conducted on improvement efficacy using skin clinical trials and questionnaires to evaluate changes in perception of skin condition and efficiency of products. With the aim of minimizing skin irritation, the efficiency of the solvent used for extraction was an important factor, and the sea cucumber extract was harvested with efficient extraction conditions at a ratio of 1:10 of 50% ethanol. The study aimed to identify the suitability of sea cucumber extract as a functional cosmetics material to improve the moisturizing ability of skin and its effect on the skin by adding marine natural animal sea cucumber extract. Clinical studies on cosmetics skin containing sea cucumber extract, excellent skin improvement effect from all items of clinical experiment in experimental and control groups. Sea cucumber extract was proved to be a stable, non-adverse physiologically active substance against abnormal symptoms or side effects of skin reactions and skin problems. In addition, the study found excellent results that can lead to its use as a cosmetics material. This is expected to contribute to the development of various cosmetics industries.