• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.26-31
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• 2013

Use of heat from seawater could be different from the weather conditions of a coastal city and seawater temperatures near the city. It will be a good option to use surface layer water with Heat Pump system for using seawater cooling/heating in Jeju. The study investigates the proper depth for seawater heat gain of Jeju area in Korea. Sampling points are 0, 10, 20, 30m from the surface of the Sea. Seawater temperature does not change significantly according to the depth in winter, while the temperature is quite different according to the depth in summer. In this study, it is analyzed to compare existing system and seawater heat source system for target buildings on Jeju. And this systems are calculated a initial cost.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.979-986
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• 2003

The performance characteristics of heating and cooling operation for a heat pump system using seawater heat source and exhaust energy are presented. The heat pump system is made of a waste heat recovery system and a vapor compression refrigeration system. The working fluid is R-22. The heat pump system COPs are measured during heating and cooling operation modes, and the resultant COPs were 9.7 and 7.9, respectively, which are three times higher than those of the heat pump itself. Therefore, the performance of the heat pump system using exhaust energy is excellent compared to that of a general heat pump. The experimental data can be effectively used for the design of the high efficient heat pump using a seawater heat source.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.29-35
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• 2014

Plate heat exchanger are being applied in the field of OTEC (ocean thermal energy conversion) and SWAC (seawater air conditioning) system. This study is to analyze numerically the heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics by using solid works flow simulation in order to offer optimum design data of plate heat exchanger. Plater heat exchanger proposed in this study is four types. The geometric design parameters of plate heat exchanger are a channel space, a flow orientation, a plate array, the flowrate of working fluid and so on. The main results for numerical analysis of plate heat exchangers are summarized as follows. Heat transfer performance for the channel space of 2.4 mm shows the highest value compared to other spaces. And, the Type 4 plate heat exchanger in Table 2 is the highest performance. From the pressure drop characteristics of plate heat exchanger, the channel space of 3.2 mm shows the lowest value. And Type 1 plate heat exchanger in Table 2 is the lowest pressure drop.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.92-97
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• 2016

In this study, the seawater Heat Pump System using seawater with temperature of annual domestic conditions ($0^{\circ}C$ to $25^{\circ}C$) is designed in order to compare its performance against the Heat Pump using unused heat of seawater. As a potential replacement for current refrigerants that exacerbate global warming and ozone delpetion, a Low GWP refrigerant's performance is analyzed. The basic water to water Heat Pump system is chosen and three commercial refrigerants - R134a, R410a, R32 - are used to compare against new Low GWP refrigerant R1234ze. When seawater with temperature of $25^{\circ}C$ is used, the performance change showed maximal increase in COP, 38.3%. low GWP refrigerant R1234ze, showed great performance characteristics reach to 5.242 and Existing commercial refrigerant, R134a showed only less than 0.03 performance difference against R1234ze. The study confirms notable performance of R1234ze refrigerant through simulation as environmentally friendly refrigerant for domestic seawater Heat Pump.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.373-378
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• 2011

The freeze desalination cycle with seawater heat pump system is simulated and designed for the basic data for the design of freeze desalination system. The basic model of seawater heat pump system is refrigeration cycle and indirect freeze desalination method is used for seawater desalination. The cycle performance of seawater heat pump such as COP, compressor work, condensing capacity was analyzed and the desalination performance such as fresh water productivity and energy per unit fresh water productivity was compared with respect to the seawater temperature of condenser inlet and ice ratio in the evaporator. The compressor work and condensing capacity decreased with respect to the decrease of seawater inlet temperature. The energy per unit fresh water productivity in case of $8^{\circ}C$ seawater inlet temperature showed 28.9% lower than that of $20^{\circ}C$.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.29 no.8
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• pp.391-400
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• 2017

Understanding of seawater fouling characteristics is critical in designing a heat exchanger adapted in an effluent utilization system for a power plant. We reviewed three types of fouling mechanisms of general, biological, and crystallizing for a plate-frame heat exchanger, to be used for heat exchanging with heated effluent from a power plant. Also, mathematical models for each type of seawater fouling were suggested. Actual thermal resistance calculated from seawater fouling models were compared and implemented in designing a plate-frame heat exchanger. The bio-fouling model revealed the largest thermal resistance and the highest number of plates for a plate-frame heat exchanger under the same heat load. Overall heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop of a plate-frame heat exchanger under fouling conditions was lower by 58 percent and higher by 2.85 times than those under clean conditions, respectively.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.29 no.8
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• pp.883-890
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• 2005

The industrial growth and the raised living quality have led to the massive energy consumption. As a result. the polluted environment and the limited amount of energy resources emerged as serious problems to be resolved in 21st century. Especially, in the case of Korea whose imported energy dependency rate is 98.2$\%$ in 2003 and constantly increasing every rear. more than 24$\%$ of overall energy consumption is for housing and commercial use. In order to cope with the shortage of natural energy resources, it is inevitable to develop alternative sustainable energy resources including seawater heat. so that they can replace existing resources. The heat transfer air velocity 3.5 m/s is proper to consideration with the body the pipe size 200A is more suitable than look due to the air velocity quantify and the ratio of pipe surface area. And the error between experimental data with simulation is below 5.34$\%$ so the suggested equation for calculating heat transfer capacity can be used. Therefore out of many methods utilizing seawater heat. this work Presents the efficiency of using sea water heat as a resource for air-conditioners which can be converted from the outside air through the air-to-heat conversion tube . Consequently. this method provides pretty reasonable energy efficiency.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Marine Engineers Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.283-284
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• 2006

The ship performs heat exchange using seawater to keep main engine and auxiliary machinery at optimum temperature. In heat exchanger, refrigerant located outside of copper tube is cooled by seawater flowing through inside of copper tube. On the other hand, seawater erosion and corrosion nay occasionally cause the corrosion of the copper tube in A/C(Air Conditioner) condenser. This corrosion of copper tube makes seawater and refrigerant mixed, seriously damaging A/C system. In this study, accordingly, the exact ive mechanism of the corrosion on the condenser entailing serious problems occasional is investigated through the electrochemical polarization experiments on the condenser's component materials. According to the experiments, the corrosive procedures on the copper tube was verified by the fact that passive film of the copper tube surface which is destroyed by the pressure of sucked seawater, is damaged by the corrosive ingredients in the seawater.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2021

Many Korean industrial plants including nuclear and fossil power plants use seawater as the ultimate heat sink to cool the heat generated by various facilities. Owing to the high corrosivity of seawater, facilities and piping made of metal material in contact with seawater are coated or lined with polymeric materials to avoid direct contact with seawater. However, polymeric materials used as coating and lining have some level of permeability to water and are degraded over time. Korean industrial plants have also experienced a gradual increase in the frequency of damage to pipes in seawater systems due to prolonged operating periods. In the event of a cavitation-like phenomenon, coating or lining inside the piping is likely to be damaged faster than expected. In this paper, the cause of water leakage due to base metal damage caused by the failure of the polyester lining in seawater system piping was assessed and the experience with establishing countermeasures to prevent such damage was described.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.25-34
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• 2016

Purpose: The temperature in Seoul has risen 3 times more than the average global temperature increase for the past 100 years. Today, summer starts 15 days earlier than the early 20th century and is 32 days longer. This tendency causes rapid increase of cooling energy demand. Following this effect, seawater heat resources are to be used as an countermeasure for global warming. Incheon Port near the Western Sea has the lowest water temperature in the winter in South Korea in which it is suitable to use seawater cold heat resources. Method: The cold heat resource is gained from seawater when the water temperature is the lowest in the winter time and saved in a seasonal thermal storage. This can be used as cold heat resource in the summer time. A heat exchanger is essential to gain seawater cold energy. Due to this necessity, sea water heat resource heat exchangers are modeled by heat transfer equations and the fluid characteristics are analyzed. Also, a CFD (computational fluid dynamics) program is used to conduct simulation on the fluid characteristics of heat exchangers. The analyzed data of deducted from this process are comprehensively analyzed and discussed. Result: Regarding the performance of the heat exchanger, the heat exchanger was operated following the prediction within the range of heat transfer rate of minimum 3.3KW to maximum 33.6KW per device. In the temperature change analysis of the heat exchanger, fluid analysis by heat transfer equations almost corresponded to the temperature change by CFD simulation. Therefore, it is considered that the results of this study can be used as design data of heat exchangers.