• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.17-25
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• 2011

Green IT, composed term with Green and Information Technology(IT), use IT for energy savings and carbon emission reductions. Green IT went beyond the scope of greening IT, and recently it's concept is expanded as far as counterplan of climate change including greening other industries by IT. 85% of total greenhouse gas emissions from the energy sector and 20% of them comes from transport parts, so it is time to research IT for automotive industry. In this paper, we take up the knowledge based fuzzy logic to provide life cycle analysis associated with greenhouse gas emissions for industry produced warranty claims frequently such as automobile industry. We propose a analysis method of warranty claims using expert knowledge about the warranty in car exhaust systems related to greenhouse gas emissions, past test results of malfunction, analysis of past field data, and warranty data. Furthermore, we propose life knowledge-based GWS (Greenery Warranty System). We demonstrate the applicability of IT in eco-friendly automotive industry by implementing knowledge-based fuzzy logic and applying.

• The Korean Journal of Financial Management
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.113-153
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• 2009

Financial conglomerates combine banking, securities, insurance and other financial services within a single economic entity. In this paper we analyze the effect of financial conglomeration on the default risk of financial companies in the Korean financial industry. We use two risk measures based on individual company level as proxies of the default risk, one is Z-index proposed by Altman(1968) and the other is the weighted capital adequacy ratio. We find that financial conglomeration has a negative effect on the default risk of financial companies. The asset size and diversity level of financial conglomerates, however, are negatively correlated with the default risk of financial companies. These results mean that in the Korean financial industry, even though the economy of scale and scope does exist, financial conglomeration does not translate into lower risk of financial companies composing financial conglomerates.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.705-712
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to propose the features of autonomous DRT UX design based on level 5 autonomous vehicle applicable in 2027. As the scope of the study, the system focused on the interaction between the elderly and the in/outside of the vehicle, and the level 5 autonomous vehicle was the subject of the study. As of 2021, the targets for application were set from 60s to 90s. This study is different from previous studies in that it is a study on the features of autonomous DRT UX design that derives practical insights through direct communication with the elderly. As a research method, autonomous vehicle and DRT were theoretically considered through literature research, and based on this, cases of autonomous vehicle and DRT were analyzed. As a case study, generalization was conducted through interviews with the elderly, test-drive of autonomous vehicle, video production, survey, and VR test-drive of autonomous vehicle for the elderly. Ten features of autonomous DRT UX design were derived through focus group interview(FGI), and the derived features were classified into reservation, get on, input, driving, emergency, and get off. Through this study, I hope that it will contribute to improving mobility of the elderly and further accelerate the practical use of autonomous DRT.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• v.1
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• pp.85-93
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• 1983

Total annual water requirements for agricultural use are exceedingly large. In many areas of the country, particularly in the arid regions, irrigation water requirements comprise the bulk of the total developed water supply. On the other hand, we are, at present, poorly prepared to evaluate the hazards of many substances in the water phase of the agricultural environments. This study is to survey the water quality phase of agricultural conditions and to give some ideas to prevent disasters from the environmental hazards such as PH, Electric Conductivity, BOD, DO, Cu, Pb, and Cd. In the analysed results, mean PH was 6.5 to 7.8, maximum EC was $200{\mu}{\Omega}/cm$ at $25^{\circ}C$, the maximum BOD was less than 10 ppm (standard value), the DO was 4.2 to 12.0 mg/L (standard value is more than 2.0 mg/L) and the Cu, Pb, Cd were estimated in scope of safety value respectively. Especially BOD is gradually closed with the hazardous point in the few places. At present, the hazardous environmental conditions originated from the municipal sewage, industrial waste, and human and domestic animals excrements etc. have to strongly be improved much better than before.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.13-22
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• 2015

These days, human behavior (human factor), the main cause of traffic accidents, has drawn more attention. Research on driving behavior based on DBQ(Driver Behavior Questionnaire), the analysis tool of driving behavior, has been conducted actively. In domestic previous studies, their analysis subjects were limited to researchers or military officials, and their analysis methods were based on factor analysis and regression analysis. Therefore, this study tries to find the factors of general drivers' driving behavior that influence risk driving, and to analyze their influential relationship. Regarding study scope, general drivers with driving career were asked to answer DBQ questionnaire, and 300 effective samples were analyzed. In addition, previous studies were investigated to draw the three measurable attributes of DBQ-'Lapse, Mistake, and Violation'-as main factors of traffic accidents, and structural equation model was applied to design risk driving behavior model. To identify the difference between risk driving groups, this study made use of multiple group analysis. The analysis came to the following results: First, according to the examination of the hypothesis that 'Lapse, Mistake, and Violation factors will influence risk driving behavior', all factors were found to be statistically significant. Regarding their level of influence on risk driving behavior, Violation was 0.464, Lapse 0.383, and Mistake 0.158, and thus Violation was analyzed to be the most influential. Secondly, according to the examination of the hypothesis that 'the influence of Lapse, Mistake, and Violation factors on risk driving behavior will be different by risk group', the influence of Lapse on risk driving behavior was found to be different by risk group. It is expected that the study results will be used as a fundamental program to introduce traffic accident prevention program and education that takes violation and lapse into consideration.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.119-138
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• 2018

The Hmong people are one of the largest ethnic groups in Vietnam. They traditionally practice shifting cultivation for their daily subsistence. This group has a traditional governance system as well as strong clan and kinship relationships that occupy an important role in maintaining Hmong culture and livelihoods. The state's approval of the legitimate and statutory law for the Nature Reserve largely excluded local rights of access to and the use of natural resources. This study focusses on Hmong responses to the state interventions of the establishment of the Nature Reserve as well as forest land allocation. Based on Scott's contribution of Moral Economy (1976), the authors argue that local responses function as a 'risk-averter' against state intervention. Meanwhile, the intra and inter-ethnic relationships based on the 'subsistence ethic' help locals successfully mitigate state intervention. These findings help the state rethink their interventions, which have been constructed with very little respect for local differences or the desires of ethnic peoples. Furthermore, the main findings, which reveal that not only the intra-ethnic relationship but also the inter-ethnic relationship among ethnic minorities can play an important role in maintaining the Moral Economy, are expected to deepen the previous understanding on the Moral Economy, which has previously constrained its scope to the intra-ethnic relationship.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.45-53
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• 2012

Lactobacillus acidophilus isolated from the feces of a 7-day-old breast-fed infant was characterized to examine the scope of its commercial use. Forty-three Lactobacillus strains, which could grow at pH 5.5, were isolated. From these Lactobacillus isolates, 14 Lactobacillus strains were selected, which demonstrated more than 80% viability and homofermentative lactic fermentation. Finally, 9 L. acidophilus strains (NB 201~NB 209) were identified as candidate strains based upon biochemical properties, carbohydrate utilization, and cellular fatty acid composition. L. acidophilus isolates demonstrated a survival rate of more than 80% when exposed to pH 2.5 for 2 h. In particular, L. acidophilus NB 204 showed a strong acid tolerance, with a 71% survival rate even at pH 2.0. L. acidophilus isolates also manifested high bile acid tolerance; more than 87% of the cells survived on agar containing 1% bile extract, except for L. acidophilus NB 206, which showed a 73% survival rate. All L. acidophilus isolates were confirmed to have proteolytic activity; L. acidophilus NB 204 and NB 209 yielded higher levels of TCA-soluble peptides and free amino acids. The ${\beta}$-galactosidase activity of the L. acidophilus isolates was in the range of 1.97~2.45 units/mL.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.103-111
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• 2010

The purpose of the paper is to research issues and implications on a large-scale enlargement of urban area in city management plan. This study investigated laws and regulations in force and carried out case study for three cities such as Yangju-si, Gimpo-si, Whaseong-si. As a result of analysis, three points at issue were abstracted and improvement ideas for each of them were suggested as follows. First, to set up adequate size of urban area, it is necessary to consider resonable planning for population, spatial structure, zone of life and land use in city comprehensive plan and city management plan. Second, to decrease arguments about scope and bounds of urban area, it is important to make general and specific guidelines to set up them. Third, to manage new urban area and its surroundings efficiently, it is necessary to subdivide zoning of non-urban area strictly, to restraint individual location of factories or cattle sheds, to make a proper infrastructure plan in advance, to administer strongly the permission of development behavior and to control strictly consecutive and joining development in non-urban area.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.17-34
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• 2001

This paper is to analyze how firms in a large firm-led industrial city have carried out the restructuring in the face of radical shifts, with focus on the strategy and the restructuring of firms in Ulsan, a typical industrial district in Korea that is specialized in heavy & chemical industry. It has been well known that the local economy has been led by a small number of large firms, including affiliates of chaebol, and its industrial structure has also been characterised as a clear dichotomy between large firms as a customer and small and medium-size firms as a supplier, which can be called not horizontal but vertical relations. It can identify some tendencies, however, that local companies have been rather dynamically changing in response to increasingly turbulent environment since the Asian crisis. Some are radical, but some incremental. These can be summarized in four distinctive but interlinked ways. First, more than half of local companies surveyed have attempted to change their production systems, mainly from the fordist mass production towards the flexible mass production, seeking both economies of scale and scope. Second, local firms have vigorously continued to reorganize the boundary of the production and the organization, by specializing products and focusing on the core competence in order to save costs and cope with radically changing customer demands in a flexible way. Third, there have been various strategies for the organizational innovation such as the introduction of team organization, the boundary blurring between the managerial and production workers and the intra-firm spin-offs, so as to improve managerial efficiency and competence in the use of internal labour market. Finally, they have tried to be more sensitive to the market and customers. These tendencies seem to be increasingly critical to sustain their competitiveness. To do so, they tend to focus increasingly not only on the competing via the product quality rather than through price, but also to seek to diversify the market and customer firms beyond national boundary.

• Informatization Policy
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.62-82
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• 2019

This study attempts to make an empirical analysis on how mobile devices affect users in building their social relationship and if their influences are negative or positive. The purpose of this research is to explain the results by considering all the possibilities and exploring everyday lives of using mobile devices. We used the survey data from the "Research on Mobile Environment Awareness" conducted by Gyeonggi Research Institute(GRI). The main question was about the use of mobile devices and social network services (SNS) and users' opinions on using the devices. All of the 31 municipalities in Gyeonggi Province were included as a spatial range, and the final validity sample was 1,004 residents. The extent of the relationship with people is selected as a dependent variable through the multinomial logistic model and the decision tree model. As a result of the multinomial logistic analysis on the questionnaire, the characteristics of the respondents with some changes in the scope of the human relationship were found to have a significant (+) effect on conversation with family, SNS usage, residence in the rural area but not urban area, and device usage for obtaining news. The largest variable affecting the extent of relationship was the SNS usage. As the amount of SNS usage increases, the extent of the relationship also changes a lot.