• Conservation Science in Museum
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• v.7
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• pp.11-24
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• 2006

Plate armour is an important cultural property that reflects the ancient weaponry and the manufacturing technology of ironware as they are. Among the kinds of iron armour, horizontal plate armour has been very rarely excavated, and there are a few artifacts in their unimpaired shape like the plate armour excavated from Mangisanseong. This report reviews the manufacturing technology of ancient plate armour through its radiograph using appliable nondestructive irradiation and scientific conservation treatment. The seven-tiered plate armour excavated from Mangisanseong has ring hinge to open and shut the right side neck guard. The readout result of radiograph proved iron safety guard of Godaepan (a plate that links neck plate and horizontal plate) and leather safety guard of the right armpit with plate overlap and perforation interval; perforations that seem to have linked shoulder strap on wearing the armour are also observed. In particular, it is identified that the perforation and riveting technique avoided the connection of more than three plates with a rivet. This is an important material to illustrate the best use of function of plate armour overcoming its limit.

• Conservation Science in Museum
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• v.18
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• pp.77-92
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• 2017

This study is based on a scientific analysis of the production method of the wooden seated Bodhisattva statue from Gwaneumsa Temple in Wando, which is currently housed at Chonnam National University Museum. The purpose was to investigate the characteristics of the statue's production through an X-ray inspection of the wooden timbers that make up its base material, a composition analysis of the surface layers, and microscopic observation. The votive prayers found together with the statue allowed the precise dating of the artifact to the sixteenth century, during the Joseon Dynasty. The X-ray transmission identified the statue as being made using the "ilmokjo"(一木造) technique, which means that the entirety of the statue excluding the right hand was produced using a single block of wood. The specimen analysis of the naturally exfoliated surface layer revealed that the current surface was coated with brass to restore the original gilt layer. These research findings added an interesting case to the existing related research and reaffirmed the academic value of this statue.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.67-80
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• 2014

This study examined the chemical characteristics and the microstructure of Goryeo whiteware which was excavated in the kiln site Yucheon-ri, Gangwon-do, the southern part of South Korea. this area is considered to be used in the middle of the time of Goryeo Dynasty. We analyzed the chemical characteristics comparing Goryeo Whiteware from Seo-ri, Jungam-ri, Bangsan-dong and The temple site of Beopcheon. Based on the analysis, we confirmed the properties of raw material for making pottery. It is featured that body composition of Goryeo Whiteware from Yucheon-ri contains high silica and low solvent. However, the contents of the glaze are vice versa. Goryeo whiteware tends to contain larger part of oxide than that of titanium oxide, which applies to Goryeo Celadon. the whitewares during the early days of Goryeo Dynasty varies in components depending on kilns, whereas it does not mean that chronological changes happened in components. The whiteware shards from Yuchoen-ri have a similar aspect. The whiteware shard from the temple of Beopchen differ in composition, Thus they are estimated to have been produces and shipped from various sites. In conclusion, we judged that the component difference among Goryeo whitewares stems from production environment and origin of raw materials rather than chronological changers.

• Conservation Science in Museum
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• v.28
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• pp.35-50
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• 2022

This study explores the results of the research and conservation treatment conducted on two-peony paintings in the collection of the National Museum of Korea. The Jang-ji(障子) resembles a folding screen, but differs in size, shape, and use. A thick sheet of paper was used to attach the paintings to a wall, and traces of the lattice frame and red pigments, which was mainly used for building structures, remain on the back of the paper. It is confirmed that the paper was used as Jang-ji(障子) attached to adorn the walls or doors of a building and specifically decorated the interior of Seonwonjeon Hall in Gyeongbokgung Palace, which was removed in 1867. The paper also indicates that the mounting was made in the 19^th-century Joseon Dynasty, as the peony painting was finished in a different color from Jang-ji(障子) used for the Seonwonjeon Hall in Changdeokgung Palace. Based on the analysis of pigments and literature research, this study attempts to take a new approach to the colored pigments used in royal peony paintings, and it is believed that the conservation treatment used in this study highlights the necessity of continuous research on wallpaper as reference materials for royal paintings of the Joseon Dynasty.

• 한국문화재보존과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.09a
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• pp.38-41
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• 2003

• Conservation Science in Museum
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• v.10
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• pp.75-88
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to determine the lifetime of acrylic resin Paraloid^TM B-72(EMA copolymer), which is widely used as a coating for metallic artifacts to prevent corrosion. Lifetime factor with temperature, selected chromaticity as the test parameter for lifetime prediction. The found result is that the temperature is the most crucial factor influencing the prediction of the lifetime of the EMA copolymer coated iron surface against corrosion. The simulation results, based on Arrhenius Equation, showed that the lifetime prediction of the EMA coated iron surface was 24.5 years at 16℃, 17.1 years at 20℃, and 12.0 years at 24℃, respectively.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.22
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• pp.5-14
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• 2008

The effect of air pollutants coming from internal museum materials such as wood-based products and cements on metal corrosion have been investigated. The Oddy test and the Chamber test was employed as a corrosion test. The metal pieces after the Oddy test had different corrosion types caused by the internal museum materials. The most effective wood based product was 18T HS(E0) and 9mm plywood(F0,E0). Iron(Fe) and copper(Cu) also bronze of the Chamber test had corrosion caused by Formic acid, Acetic acid, and Acetaldehyde. The packing materials in high humidity had caused more corrosion on the surface of the metal pieces than in low humidity.

• Journal of Species Research
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.258-265
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• 2023

We conducted phylogenetic analyses using multiplexed inter-simple sequence repeat genotyping by sequencing and compared chloroplast DNA sequences among Ardisia japonica, A. pusilla, and morphologically intermediate plants found on Jeju Island, Korea. Our network analysis demonstrated that the intermediate plants were genetically positioned between A. japonica and A. pusilla. Our comparison of the intergenic spacer between the psbA and trnH genes in chloroplast DNA indicated that four nucleotide substitutions separate A. japonica and A. pusilla, whereas the intermediate plants exhibited the A. japonica haplotype. Our results suggest that the intermediate plants on Jeju Island represent a natural hybrid of A. japonica, as the maternal species, and A. pusilla, and that they are attributable to Ardisia×walkeri. This record constitutes the first documented occurrence of the hybrid taxon in Korea.

• Conservation Science in Museum
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• v.13
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• pp.13-22
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• 2012

The patterns for Jeogui and Pyeseul (patterns of the queen's ceremonial robe worn and a belt ornament covering knees in the front) as owned by National Museum of Korea were made in the early 20th century and both of them were colored on paper. Through a non-destructive analysis on pigments and dyes used on both the patterns, it was attempted to identify the coloring materials. As for the analysis of the coloring pigments, the XRF was used. As a result of the pigment analysis on the pattern for Jeogui, it is presumed that lead white was used for obtaining the white color, ink stick for black color, orpiment for yellow color, cinnabar and red lead for red color, copper and arsenical or a mixture of copper carbonate and orpiment for green color whereas brass seems to have been used for obtaining other colors. The pigments used for obtaining the colors of white, black, yellow and green on the pattern for Pyeseul are the same as those used on the pattern for Jeogui whereas the red pigments used on each of the two patterns are seen to be different. Although it may be difficult to identify the kinds of blue pigments that were used on the patterns for Jeogui and Pyeseul, a mixture containing lead white is presumed to be used as blue pigment. Also, as a result of the UV-Vis spectroscopic analysis performed on the blue hanji (traditional Korean paper) of the pattern for Jeogui, it was presumed to have been dyed with indigo.

• Conservation Science in Museum
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• v.22
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• pp.15-26
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• 2019

This study was focused on the three-dimensional convergence modeling that can multilaterally analyze internal and external shapes of the Sam-Chongtong Hand Canon by optical precision scanning optimized for acquiring the surface shape and X-ray CT scanning used for obtaining the internal shape. First, the scanning results were converted by compatible extension, after which three-dimensional deviation analysis was conducted to verify mutual conformities. Accordingly, most (56.98%) deviations between the two scanning models was found be ±0.1mm. This result did not influence registration and merging based on the ICP algorithm. The merged data exhibited the external surface color, detailed shapes, internal width, and structure of the hand canon. The three-dimensional model based on optical surface scanning and X-ray CT scanning can be used for traditional technique interpretation as well as digital documentation of cultural heritage. In the future, it will contribute to deliver accessible scientific information of exhibits for visitors.