• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.79-83
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• 1999

A method for induction of multiple shoots using cotyledonary nodes and shoot tips of Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam.) Verdc. was described. The experiment was conducted in which shoot induction was noticed on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of four cytokinins (KIN, 2iP, Ads, BAP). These multiple shoots were later developed into normal shoots. The highest rate of shoot proliferation came from MS medium added with BAP 1.5 mg/L. The multiple shoot buds were subcultured into MS medium with BAP (0.5-1.5 mg/L) along with Ads (1.0 mg/L) and GA$_3$ (0.5 mg/L), which gave rise to the highest frequency of shoot proliferation and elongation. The shoots were rooted on MS medium supplemented with 1.75 mg/L IBA.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.26-31
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• 2006

The saccharogenic liquid (SFW) obtained by the enzymatic saccharification of food wastes was used as a medium for production of bacterial cellulose (BC). The enzymatic saccharification of food wastes was carried out by the cultivation supernatant of Trichoderma harziaum FJ1 culture. Acetobacter xylinum KJ1 was employed for the BC production culture. The physical properties, such as polymerization, crystallinity, Young's modulus, and tensile strength, of BCs produced by three culture methods: the static cultures using HS (Hestrin-Schramm) as a reference medium (A) or the SFW medium (B), the shaking culture (C) or the air circulation culture (D) using the SFW medium, were investigated. The degrees of polymerization of BCs produced under the different culture conditions (A-D) showed 11000, 9500, 8500, and 9200, respectively. Young's modulus was 4.15, 5.0, 4.0, and 4.6 GPa, respectively. Tensile strength was 124, 200, 80, and 184 MPa, respectively. All of the BC had a form of cellulose I representing pure cellulose. In the case of the shaking culture, the degree of crystallinity was 51.2%, the lowest degree. Under the other culturing conditions, the trend should remain in the range of 89.7-84%. Overall, the physical properties of BC produced from SFW were similar to those of BC from HS medium, a commercial complex medium, and BC production by the air circulation culture mode brought more favorable results in terms of the physical properties and its ease of scale-up. Therefore, it is expected that a new BC production method, like air circulation culture using SFW, would contribute greatly to BC-related manufacturing.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제49권5호
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• pp.430-452
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• 2021

최근 목재이용과 목공활동 등을 선호하는 사회적 분위기가 조성되고 있지만, 상대적으로 일반인이 목재문화를 향유할 수 있는 기회가 많지 않기 때문에 목재문화에 대한 인식과 기반이 부족한 상황이다. 본 연구에서는 일반인이 목재문화를 누릴 수 있는 확산전략 수립의 기초자료로써 목재문화에 대한 유형분류 및 사례분석을 수행하였다. 목재문화자원에 대한 개념을 정립하기 위하여 목재문화와 문화자원이 갖는 특수성을 분석하였다. 이를 통하여 목재문화자원은 보존·발굴·활용의 측면에서 목재 및 목재사용의 문화적 가치를 내포하고 있는 인류의 문화적 활동의 결과로 만들어진 산물로 정의하였다. 문화자원에 대하여 수행된 유형분류 사례를 분석하여 목재문화자원의 유형을 문화유산, 문화시설, 문화행사, 목조건축, 문화콘텐츠, 문화교육, 목재제품의 7가지 범주로 분류하였다. 또한 각 목재문화자원별 유형에 대한 사례를 발굴하여 제안하였다.

• Journal of Sport and Applied Science
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2020

Purpose: This study is to explore which genre of sports culture contents will show the most consistent growth in the future and analyse the development outlook based on those results. Research design, data, and methodology: Case study was used for this research as it seemed to be the most appropriate approach in order to obtain the most complete and meaningful information from a particular phenomenon. A total of 15 participants were chosen to participate in a semi-structured in-depth interview and the recordings were typed out as text. In order to ensure validity and credibility of findings, peer and member check were conducted. Results: As a result, the sports culture content that is most likely to consistently grow in the future is games. Additionally, it is expected that sports culture contents will develop as new categories of sports culture contents emerge, as the evolution of sports culture content occurs through the combination with technology, as well as the activation of sensual sports contents, and the production of sports culture contents utilizing big data. Conclusions: It is concluded that convergence of sport, cultural contents, and technology will promptly progress, and it will promote the development of sport culture contents and related industry.

• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.355-363
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to develop a culture and leisure resources scale and examine the validity of the scale. The culture and Leisure resources scale was developed and identified its validity by exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and correlation analysis. The culture and leisure resources scale consisted of four factors, which were 'personal resources', 'support staff resources', 'facility resources', and 'program resources'. Those four factors indicated the reasonable fit indices from confirmatory factor analysis. In addition, this scale showed convergent validity with the satisfaction of cultural and leisure environment and the satisfaction of one's cultural and leisure life. The result of scale score comparison between rural and urban areas showed that culture and leisure resources in rural areas were less abundant than those in urban areas. Furthermore, while the variables which affected the satisfaction of urban residents' were mainly 'personal resources', the variables in case of rural residents' were mainly 'program resources' and 'facility Resources'. The culture and leisure resources scale can be used for policymakers practicably to evaluate regional level of culture and leisure resources, to compare between regions and to find policy priorities for improving the quality of leisure, especially for disadvantaged areas with less resources.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.140-142
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• 2014

To evaluate the recovery rates to increase toxigenic C. difficile, the selective enrichment broth culture methods were compared with commonly used cytotoxin assays and toxigenic culture. First, the enrichment culture, using the selective medium broth for 2 to 5 days, was performed and then, toxigenic C. difficile was confirmed by C. difficile toxin gene-specific PCR after being cultured on C. difficile selective agar. The sensitivity of C. difficile from the enrichment culture (100%) was higher than that of C. difficile selective agar culture (93.8%), while positive predictive values (PPV) were low; 72.7% (16/22) and 88.2% (15/17). PPV of the enrichment culture are not high. Recently, combinations of C. difficile selective agar culture, C. difficile A & B assays, glutamate dehydrogenase, and nucleic acid amplification method are widely used. The enrichment culture was disadvantageous in PPV, turn-around time, and cost. So, what we performed is not considered as a common method of diagnosis of C. difficile-associated diarrhea.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.210-220
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• 2019

This work aimed to evaluate the influence of culture conditions on laccase production in the co-culture of wood-rotting fungus with Trichoderma sp. The effects of infection extent, infection time, and culture filtrate of Trichoderma sp. on the laccase production by wood-rotting fungus in co-culture were examined. T. rubrum LKY-7 and T. longibrachiatum were selected as fungi which are effective in co-culture for laccase production. A significant increase in laccase activity was observed when T. rubrum LKY-7 was co-cultured with T. longibrachiatum in glucose-peptone liquid medium, yielding an increase of more than 5 times in laccase activity, as compared with control. Laccase production by T. rubrum LKY-7 during co-culturing was significantly influenced by the infection extent and the infection time of T. longibrachiatum. Maximal laccase activity was obtained when T. rubrum LKY-7 culture was infected by T. longibrachiatum after 3 days of cultivation at an inoculum size ratio of 0.5 to 1. The addition of culture filtrate or autoclaved mycelium of T. longibrachiatum to T. rubrum LKY-7 culture did not significantly enhance laccase production by T. rubrum LKY-7 as compared with control (mono cultures of T. rubrum LKY-7).

• Journal of Sport and Applied Science
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.7-17
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• 2020

Purpose: This study started with interest in sport culture and is meaningful as an exploratory study to help with the basic understanding of sport culture research. Research design, data, and methodology: The approach of this study is the exploratory approach by literature reviews. This study carried out exploratory research on thinking about diversity of sports culture and the development process of sports culture by human history periods. Results: First, in thinking about cultural diversity, cultural absolutism and cultural relativism were identified. The characteristics of sports culture can identify universality, individuality and diffusion, and the attributes of sports culture included sharing, learning, accumulation, whole systematic relationship and change. Second, the characteristics of sports culture were identified by the approach of each historical era. The historical stages were divided into ancient civilizations, ancient Greece and Rome, middle ages and early modern period, and late modern period. Sports have historically been found to have a British-centered European origin or popularized in the United States. Conclusions: with the characteristics of modern sports culture, the globalization of sports culture, the prominence of sports industry and sports space marketing, and the symbiotic influence relationship of sports and mass media were examined and future directions were discussed.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.395-404
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• 2018

Since the mass mortality of Quercus mongolica has been first reported in Gyeonggi province at 2004, the disease spread rapidly over Korean peninsula annually. Ambrosia beetle (Platypus koryoensis) was known as the insect vector of oak wilt fungus, Raffaelea quercus-mongolicae, and control methods of the disease had mainly been focused on eradication of insect vector. However, for the efficient management of the disease, combined control methods for both of the pathogenic fungus and insect vector are strongly required. As one of the efforts to suppress the pathogenic fungus, antifungal activities of Streptomyces isolated from oak forest soil were assayed in this study. Optimum culture condition for the selected isolates was also studied, As a result, Streptomyces blastmyceticus cultured in PDB (Potato Dextrose Broth) at $25^{\circ}C$ for 1 week showed the strongest antifungal activity against oak wilt fungus. Mycelial growth inhibition rates (MGIRs) of Streptomyces isolates were compared on culture media supplemented with heated and unheated culture filtrates of S. blastmyceticus. MGIRs on culture media with unheated culture filtrates were generally higher than those on culture media with heated culture filtrates. Antagonistic mechanism to get involved in the inhibition of hyphal growth and spore formation of the pathogen is due to the antifungal metabolites produced by Streptomyces. This study will provide the fundamental information in developing biocontrol agents for the environment-friendly management of oak wilt disease.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.10-17
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• 2023

Dairy products are extensively used as carriers of probiotic strains that have potential health benefits. Assessment of the viability of probiotic strains during manufacturing is important to ensure that products meet recommended levels. Hence, the method for accurately quantifying lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in probiotic or dairy products is required. The present study aims to examine the performance of de-Man Rogosa Sharpe (MRS), plate count agar with bromocresol purple (PCA with BCP), and glucose blood liver (BL) agars recommended in the Korea Food Code guidelines for counting LAB. Analysis of the performance of culture media containing 19 lactic acid bacterial species commonly encountered in probiotic and dairy products showed no statistically significant difference between 18 reference strains and three culture media (p > 0.01). Furthermore, the suitability of three culture media was verified for the quantitative assessment of LAB in 25 probiotic and dairy products. The number of LAB in three culture media was determined to be more than 10⁷ colony-forming unit (CFU)/ml for fermented milk products and 10⁸ CFU/ml for condensed fermented milk and probiotic products, indicating that they all satisfied the Korea Food Code guidelines. Moreover, there was no statistically significant difference in the amount of LAB counted in all three culture media, suggesting that they can be used to isolate or enumerate LAB in commercial products. Finally, three culture media will be useful for isolating and enumerating LAB from fermented foods as well as gut microflora.