• BMB Reports
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.519-524
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• 1996

Peptidylprolyl cis-trans isomerase (PPlase) catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of prolyl peptide and facilitates the folding of cellular proteins and peptides. PPlase consists of two distinct immunophilins, each specifically binding to the immunosupressive drug cyclosporin A (CsA) or FK506, respectively. A PPlase was isolated and partially purified from porcine spleen. The molecular weight of porcine spleen PPlase was determined to be ~14,000 on the basis of SDS-PAGE. The purified enzyme was strongly inhibited by FK506, but not by CsA. The inhibition constant and the true concentration of enzyme preparations were determined by active site titration using the tight binding inhibitor FK506: $K_{i}=18.7$ nM and $E_{t}=172$ nM. The equilibrium ratio of conformer. [cis]/[trans], of prolyl peptide substrates (N-Suc-Ala-Xaa-Pro-Phe-p-NA) in anhydrous trifluoroethanol/LiCl solvent system varied from 0.24 to 0.85 depending on the nature of Xaa. Overall. in this solvent-salt system, the populations of the cis conformer of substrates in equilibrium are higher than in an aqueous solution so that the substantial error caused by high background absorption can be reduced. The reactivities of porcine spleen PPlase are shown to be highly sensitive to changes in the structure of substrates. Thus, $k_{cat}/K_m$ value for the most reactive substrate (Xaa Leu) is $4.007+10^{6}M^{1}s^{1}$ and, is 2,636 fold higher than that for the least reactive peptide substrate tested, Xaa=Glu.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.49 no.6
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• pp.729-736
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• 2007

The objective of this study was to investigate the anti-oxidative effects of pyruvate, taurine and melatonin on sperm characteristics(motility, membrane integrity) and lipid peroxidation(LPO) for in vitro storage of boar semen. Semen was treated with various antioxidants such as pyruvate(1mM), taurine(50mM) and melatonin(100nM) with or without 100uM H2O2. Antioxidant treatments were significantly increased the sperm motility when compare to control group in all incubation periods(P≤0.05). Hypoosmotic swelling test(HOST), membrane integrity was similar to the result of motility. In lipid peroxidation measurement by TBA reactions of spermatozoal plasma membrane, malondialdehyde(MDA) level in control and antioxidant treatments were lower than those of antioxidant plus H2O2 or H2O2 treatment for 3 to 6 h incubation period. Relationships of evaluation methods for sperm viability were investigated by motility, membrane integrity and lipid peroxidation. Among evaluation methods, LPO vs motility and membrane integrity vs LPO were negatively correlated(－0.23~－0.92 and －0.68~－0.85), but membrane integrity vs motility was positively correlated (0.53~0.94) in all treatments. These experiments indicate that supplementation of antioxidant to the semen extender can increase the sperm motility and membrane integrity and decrease the lipid peroxidation of spermatozoal plasma membrane. The HOST might be utilized to evaluate the sperm quality instead of lipid peroxidation or motility.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.491-499
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• 2000

This study was performed to investigate the antioxidative effects of solvent extracts of eighteen curry spices. Yields of the curry spices extracted by methanol, ethylacetate and hexane were $6.4{\sim}42.9%$, $3.9{\sim}26.2%$ and $1.6{\sim}29.2%$, respectively. Methanol, ethylacetate and hexane extracts of spices were added up to 1,500 ppm in the rice bran oil and antioxidative effects of extracts were tested by Rancimat. Induction periods of spices extracted by methanol were in the order of rosemary(33.5hr)>sage(29.1hr)>ginger(28.6hr)>turmeric(26.9hr)>nutmeg(25.8hr)>oregano(25.6hr)>thyme(25.3hr)>BHT(24.5hr)>control(22.6hr). Those of ethylacetate extracts were as follows: rosemary(43.9hr)>sage(30.9hr)>oregano(29.0hr)>thyme(27.5hr)>ginger(27.1hr)>BHT(24.5hr)>control(22.6hr). Those of hexane extracts were in the order of rosemary(47.4hr)>sage(31.4hr)>oregano(27.3hr)>ginger(25.5hr)>thyme(25.1hr)>control(22.6hr). Solvent extracts of rosemary, sage, oregano, ginger and thyme showed significant antioxidative effects. Two thousands ppm hexane-extract of rosemary was the most effective. Addition of hexane-extracts of rosemary didn't show any synergism with the hexane extracts of sage, oregano, ginger, and thyme.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.543-554
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• 2024

In this study, the anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial and anti-oxidative activities of subcritical water extract from Chamaecyparis obtusa leaves was compared with hot water extract. The yield of subcritical water extract (165℃ and 180℃, 80 bar) was 39.4~48.5%, higher than 31.5% of hot water extract. In the anti-inflammatory tests using lipopolysaccaride (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 macrophages, the subcritical water extract concentration-dependently inhibited production of nitric oxide (NO) without causing cell toxicity. Upon the anti-bacterial studies using Cutibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis, subcritical water extract showed the stronger activity than hot water extract. In addition, DPPH and ABTS cation radical scavenging activity experiments showed that the radical scavenging activity of subcritical water extract was similar to that of hot water extract. Moreover, in the study of cell protection effect using HaCaT keratinocytes damaged by hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), the subcritical water extract (165℃, 80 bar) indicated protective effect against oxidative stress. These results suggested that the subcritical water extract of C. obtusa leaves as natural ingredients could be used as anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial and anti-oxidative ingredients in cosmetic formulations.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2010

This survey was conducted to investigate the status and strategy of swine manure utilization of 109 swine farms in the Gyeongnam, Korea. The personal properties of owner, types of swine buildings, facilities and equipment for manure management, conditions for manure recycling and farming for recycling resources were surveyed. Age of farm owners were occupied as 44.1% for 50s followed by the 60s with one-forth and 40s with 22.9%. Educational background of farm owners, a high school graduate makes up the largest proportion of farm owners followed by a college graduation with 35.8%. The swine manure collection methods were occupied as 34.9% with totally slurry system and more than 50% slurry system with 34.9% of farms. The manure management cost per ton were occupied as more than two-third with 10,000 won~15,000 won. The cost will pay for manure management, 10,000 won~15,000 won per ton makes up the largest proportion of farm owners. Separator, loader and vehicle to collection, transportation of liquid manure were occupied as 72.5%, 44% and 10.1%, respectively. Recognition of the farming for recycling resources were occupied as 37.6%, however, 25.8% of swine farm owners don't know that. More than sixty percent of swine farms will take a recycling system according to the farming for recycling resources. Conclusively, we have a suggestion in order to promotion of the farming for recycling resources in the Gyeongnam with increasing the portion of recycling of swine manure in each county and revitalizing the marketing of the liquid and solid swine manure fertilizers.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.195-202
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• 2013

Defense reform our military for the globalization of information. Scientific command structure, troop structure, unit structure, step-by-step into the power structure while promoting a history of quantitative-oriented structure, and structure of the quality of state-of-the-art technology-driven transition in the middle of the bottle numberplans about the current 3.3-fold increase in reducing the cadre(officers and NCOs). NCO groups in the executive, especially expanding the current level of 100% increase in the rate of long-serving, while ensuring a stable job and to superior resources to secure a stable policy through science. Military alliance is now underway. In the midst of this group, and urged the group at the University of the leading military and specialized resources to ensure each agreement required by subjects to reflect. Thus effectively improve the quality of education and the demands of the job analysis, DACUM curriculum development methods and procedures can be applied at the time of urgent need for foster an excellent resource for the discharge of curriculum development at the University of Selected as a core job, career, and job classification configuration inside of Duty according to KST derived from the group reflect on the training courses to meet the requirements in the curriculum through the development of curriculum, job definition, job model set to propose.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.11
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• pp.7541-7548
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• 2015

Wireless Sensor Networks is the technology which is used in explore role for military purposes, as well as various fields such as industrial equipment management, process management, and leverage available technologies by distributing node into various areas. but there are some limitations about energy, processing power, and memory storage capacity in wireless sensor networks environment, because of tiny hardware, so various routing protocols are proposed to overcome it. however existing routing protocols are very vulnerable in the intercommunication, because they focus on energy efficiency, and they can't use existing encryption for it, Because of sensor's limitations such like processing power and memory. Therefore, this paper propose mutual authentication scheme that prevent various security threats by using mutual authentication techniques and, Key generation and updating system as taking into account energy efficiency.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.135-145
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• 2023

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to discover which breathing technique is more effective in improving respiratory function by applying different breathing techniques-the chest expansion respiratory technique and the abdominal expansion respiratory technique-to adults in the same aerobic exercise situation. Methods : In this study, 30 people were randomly assigned to two groups: chest expansion respiratory technique with aerobic exercise (A group) and abdominal expansion respiratory technique with aerobic exercise (B group). Group A was asked to breathe after wrapping their rib cage with an elastic band, and Group B was asked to breathe after wrapping their abdomen with an elastic band. A total of 3 sets of 30 breaths were performed, 3 times a week for 6 weeks. For statistical processing, an independent t-test was used to verify homogeneity between the two groups, and a repeated measure analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare differences according to the period for each group. Results : The changes in FVC and FEV₁ for each group following 6 weeks of intervention are as follows. In comparison according to the intervention period, there was a significant increase in all groups depending on the timing of measurement (p<.05), and as a result of the inter-subject effect test, there was no significant difference between groups (p>.05). In addition, there was no interaction effect between period and group (p>.05). Conclusion : The conclusion of this study is that FVC and FEV₁ values increased according to the intervention period in both groups; therefore, it can be suggested that flexible breathing techniques can be applied depending on the patient's physical situation when applying a breathing program to improve respiratory function.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.371-377
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• 2007

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are a family of microbial polyesters that can be produced by fermentation from renewable resources. PHAs can be used as completely biodegradable plastics or elastomers. In this paper, novel applications of PHAs in biosensor are described. A general platform technology was developed by using the substrate binding domain (SBD) of PHA depolymerase as a fusion partner to immobilize proteins of interest on PHA surface. It could be shown that the proteins fused to the SBD of PHA depolymerase could be specifically immobilized onto PHA film, PHA microbead, and microcontact printed PHA surface. We review the results obtained for monitoring the specific interaction between the SBO and PHA by using enhanced green fluorescent protein, red fluorescent protein, single chain antibody against hepatitis B virus preS2 surface protein and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus surface antigen as model proteins. Thus, this system can be efficiently used for studying protein-protein and possibly protein-biomolecule interactions for various biotechnological applications.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.367-377
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• 2023

This study investigates the utility of the Triglyceride-glucose(TyG) index and Cardiometabolic Index(CMI) as predictors for diagnosing metabolic syndrome. The study involved 1970 males, 1459 females, totaling 3429 participants who underwent health checkups at P Hospital in Busan between January 2023 and June 2023. Metabolic syndrome diagnosis was based on the presence of 3 or more risk factors out of the 5 criteria outlined by the American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute(AHA/NHLBI), and participants with 2 or fewer risk factors were categorized as normal. Statistical analyses included independent sample t-tests, chi-square tests, Pearson's correlation analysis, Receiver Operating Characteristic(ROC) curve analysis, and logistic regression analysis, using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences(SPSS) program. Significance was established at p<0.05. The comparison revealed that the metabolic syndrome group exhibited attributes such as advanced age, male gender, elevated systolic and diastolic blood pressures, high blood sugar, elevated triglycerides, reduced LDL-C, elevated HDL-C, higher Cardiometabolic Index, Triglyceride-glucose index, and components linked to abdominal obesity. Pearson correlation analysis showed strong positive correlations between waist circumference/height ratio, waist circumference, Cardiometabolic Index, and triglycerides. Weak positive correlations were observed between LDL-C, body mass index, and Cardiometabolic index, while a strong negative correlation was found between Cardiometabolic Index and HDL-C. ROC analysis indicated that the Cardiometabolic Index(CMI), Triglyceride-glucose(TyG) index, and waist circumference demonstrated the highest Area Under the Curve(AUC) values, indicating their efficacy in diagnosing metabolic syndrome. Optimal cut-off values were determined as >1.34, >8.86, and >84.5 for the Cardiometabolic Index, Triglyceride-glucose index, and waist circumference, respectively. Logistic regression analysis revealed significant differences for age(p=0.037), waist circumference(p<0.001), systolic blood pressure(p<0.001), triglycerides(p<0.001), LDL-C(p=0.028), fasting blood sugar(p<0.001), Cardiometabolic Index(p<0.001), and Triglyceride-glucose index (p<0.001). The odds ratios for these variables were 1.015, 1.179, 1.090, 3.03, and 69.16, respectively. In conclusion, the Cardiometabolic Index and Triglyceride-glucose index are robust predictive indicators closely associated with metabolic syndrome diagnosis, and waist circumference is identified as an excellent predictor. Integrating these variables into clinical practice holds the potential for enhancing early diagnosis and prevention of metabolic syndrome.