• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.319-328
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• 2020

Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate the validity of the Gene-Health application in terms of estimating energy and macronutrients. Methods: The subjects were 98 health adults participating in a weight-control intervention study. They recorded their diets in the Gene-Health application, took photographs before and after every meal on the same day, and uploaded them to the Gene-Health application. The amounts of foods and drinks consumed were estimated based on the photographs by trained experts, and the nutrient intakes were calculated using the CAN-Pro 5.0 program, which was named 'Photo Estimation'. The energy and macronutrients estimated from the Gene-Health application were compared with those from a Photo Estimation. The mean differences in energy and macronutrient intakes between the two methods were compared using paired t-test. Results: The mean energy intakes of Gene-Health and Photo Estimation were 1,937.0 kcal and 1,928.3 kcal, respectively. There were no significant differences in intakes of energy, carbohydrate, fat, and energy from fat (%) between two methods. The protein intake and energy from protein (%) of the Gene-Health were higher than those from the Photo Estimation. The energy from carbohydrate (%) for the Photo Estimation was higher than that of the Gene-Health. The Pearson correlation coefficients, weighted Kappa coefficients, and adjacent agreements for energy and macronutrient intakes between the two methods ranged from 0.382 to 0.607, 0.588 to 0.649, and 79.6% to 86.7%, respectively. Conclusion: The Gene-Health application shows acceptable validity as a dietary intake assessment tool for energy and macronutrients. Further studies with female subjects and various age groups will be needed.

• 한국균학회소식:학술대회논문집
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• 2018.05a
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• pp.27-27
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• 2018

The production scale of mushroom cultivation in Korea is approximately 600 billion won, which is 1.6% of the Korean gross agricultural output. Annually, ca. 190,000 tons of mushrooms are harvested in Korea. Although the numbers of mushroom farms and cultivators are constantly decreasing, the total mushroom yields are increasing due to the large-scale cultivation facilities and automation. The recent expansion of the well-being trend causes increase in mushroom consumption in Korea: annual per capita consumption of mushroom was 3.9kg ('13) that is a little higher than European's average. Thus the exports of mushrooms, mainly Flammulina velutipes and Pleurotus ostreatus, have been increased since the middle of 2000s. Recently, however, it is slightly reduced. However, Vietnam, Hong Kong, the United States, the Netherlands and continued to export, and the country has increased recently been exported to Australia, Canada, Southeast Asia and so on. Canned foods of Agaricus bisporus was the first exports of the Korean mushroom industry. This business has reached the peak of the sale in 1977-1978. As Korea initiated trade with China in 1980, the international prices of mushrooms were sharply fall that led to shrink the domestic markets. According to the high demand to develop new items to substitute for A. bisporus, oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) was received the attention since it seems to suit the taste of Korean consumers. Although log cultivation technique was developed in the early 1970s for oyster mushroom, this method requires a great deal of labor. Thus we developed shelf cultivation technique which is easier to manage and allows the mass production. In this technique, the growing shelf is manly made from fermented rice straw, that is the unique P. ostreatus medium in the world, was used only in South Korea. After then, the use of cotton wastes as an additional material of medium, the productivity. Currently it is developing a standard cultivation techniques and environmental control system that can stably produce mushrooms throughout the year. The increase of oyster mushroom production may activate the domestic market and contribute to the industrial development. In addition, oyster mushroom production technology has a role in forming the basis of the development of bottle cultivation. Developed mushroom cultivation technology using bottles made possible the mass production. In particular, bottle cultivation method using a liquid spawn can be an opportunity to export the F.velutipes and P.eryngii. In addition, the white varieties of F.velutipes were second developed in the world after Japan. We also developed the new A.bisporus cultivar "Sae-ah" that is easy to grown in Korea. To lead the mushroom industry, we will continue to develop the cultivars with an international competitive power and to improve the cultivation techniques. Mushroom research in Korea nowadays focuses on analysis of mushroom genetics in combination with development of new mushroom varieties, mushroom physiology and cultivation. Further studied are environmental factors for cultivation, disease control, development and utilization of mushroom substrate resources, post-harvest management and improvement of marketable traits. Finally, the RDA manages the collection, classification, identification and preservation of mushroom resources. To keep up with the increasing application of biotechnology in agricultural research the genome project of various mushrooms and the draft of the genetic map has just been completed. A broad range of future studies based on this project is anticipated. The mushroom industry in Korea continually grows and its productivity rapidly increases through the development of new mushrooms cultivars and automated plastic bottle cultivation. Consumption of medicinal mushrooms like Ganoderma lucidum and Phellinus linteus is also increasing strongly. Recently, business of edible and medicinal mushrooms was suffering under over-production and problems in distribution. Fortunately, expansion of the mushroom export helped ease the negative effects for the mushroom industry.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.1428-1438
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• 2013

Services take place in Internet environment, a formation of the trust relationship between user and service provider for services. Different authentication schemes such as using Certificate of Public Key Infrastructure authentication and using ID/PW for a simple user authentication have been proposed for trust relationship. In addition, in the case of electronic financial transactions, transaction integrity and non-repudiation features are provided. These services are provided in Internet environment, use various measures to ensure service safety. However, it was difficult to prevent attacks using existing security technology because of emergence of MITB attack that manipulate the memory area of the Web browser and social engineering attacks such as phishing/pharming, requires application of new security technologies became. In this paper, we propose a concept of smart secure-pad, and utilize it safely formed a trust relationship between user and service provider, a model has been proposed to ensure safety of data transmission. Proposed model's security evaluation results show security against to MITB attack and phishing/pharming that can't be prevent attack using existing security technology. In addition, service provider can easily apply the model in safe environment can provide Internet service using provided representative services applying the proposed model.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.81-92
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• 2011

When we bury the infected poultry into the ground, we have many problems such as the difficulty of making sufficient area for burying, environmental contamination by the leachate, unpleasant ordor. Also, in case of burning the carcass of the infected poultry, there are some problems such as high cost, dust, unpleasant odor, etc. It could cause environmental contamination which many peoples and environmental organization complains about. In this study, we develop a treating system which treats the infected poultry carcass in a environmental method preventing the environment contamination. This system is composed of many processes. The euthanasia system uses rigid vinyl to trap and to do a euthanasia the infected poultry with lethal gas, carbon dioxide. And then, with the tractor attached grappler infected poultry carcass could be put into the carcass treating system. The euthanasia system uses rigid vinyl to trap the infected birds and to confine lethal gas, carbon dioxide. Infected poultry carcass are moved to carcass disposal system by collecting device which is attached at tractor. The carcass treatment system (capacity of disposal : 6.3 $m^3$) is installed on a truck and do one pass work, which is input, crush, stir, sterilize, and discharge treated carcass. 1,000 chickens was killed within 9.7min by $CO_2$ (300L/min) in the tent (10 $m^3$). The collecting device could carry 142 chickens at a time, and the movable carcass treatment system could sterilize 2 tons carcass per hour (at one time). This treatment systems was eco-friendly because it reduced the volume of carcass by 31.9% with no wastewater generation.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.349-357
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• 2011

Purpose: In this study, for the reasons of observing the changes when using bonding agent with Ni-Cr alloy and Co-Cr alloy and using VM13 and Vintage MP ceramic which have the disparity in coefficient of thermal expansion, it is carried out to evaluate the characteristics of the bonding agent through the analysis of the interface between metal and ceramic and the analysis of bond strength by variable. Methods: The surface treatment was performed on the two kinds of alloy(Ni-Cr alloy and Co-Cr alloy) specimens, which were sandblasted and were treated with bonder application. The metal-ceramic interfaces were analyzed with EPMA in order to ionic diffusion, and the shear test was performed. Results: As a result of observation of metal-ceramic interfacial properties, it was observed that Cr atoms were spread from the alloy body to the ceramic floor in the specimen of Group B. It was also seen that Cr, W atoms were spread from the alloy body to the ceramic floor in the specimen of Group S. In consequence of observing Shear bond strength, it was calculated that the specimen of BSV was 27.75(${\pm}11.21$)MPa, BSM was 27.02(${\pm}5.23$)MPa, BCV was 30.20(${\pm}5.99$)MPa, BCM was 27.94(${\pm}10.76$)MPa, SSV was 20.83(${\pm}2.58$)MPa, SSM was 23.98(${\pm}3.94$)MPa, SCV was 32.32(${\pm}4.68$)MPa, and SCM was 34.54(${\pm}10.63$)MPa. Conclusion: In the metal-ceramic interface of Bellabond plus sample group, diffusion of Cr atoms was incurred and diffusion of C Cr atoms and W atoms in the sample group of $Starloy{(R)}\;C$ was observed. Using bonding agent showed the higher bond strength than using the sand blasting treatment. In the Bellabond plus alloys, the specimen group with the use of binding materials showed higher shear bond strength, but didn't show statistically significant differences (p>0.05). In the $Starloy{(R)}\;C$ alloys, the specimen group with the use of binding materials showed higher shear bond strength and statistically significant differences(p<0.05). In terms of VM13 ceramic, it was in the Bellabond plus alloys that the high shear bond strength was showed, but there's no statistically significant differences(p>0.05). In terms of Vintage MP ceramic, it was in the $Starloy{(R)}\;C$ alloys that the high shear bond strength was showed and statistically significant differences(p<0.05). Metal-ceramic to fracture of the shear strength measurements and an analysis of all aspects of military usage fracture of the composite, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.129-135
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• 1973

The accumulation of peroxides, acid values, and carbonyl values during irradiation and post-irradiation storage of the ricebran oil has been studied. The rice bran oils were irradiated two doses of 2 and 7 megarads (300 rads/sec) at $23^{\circ}C$ atmospheric circumstance. The acid values, peroxide values and carbonyl values were measured at regular intervals of one week during the storage at $5^{\circ}C$ and $25^{\circ}C$. 1) During the storage, the acid values of the irradiated rice bran oils increased or decreased insignificantly regardless of the addition of antioxidants and storage temperature. 2) The peroxide values were not increased continuously but increased zigzag. The result was indicated that the composition and decomposition of peroxides occurred continuously throughout the storage. 3) As the peroxide values increased, carbonyl values decreased and changed quite differently, but, especially in 7th week, they were constant or insignificant. 4) Dibutylhydroxytoluene is more effective than caffeic acid in retarding the formation of peroxides during irradiation of rice bran oils and post-irradiation storage. The effect of antioxidant is more efficient at 2 megarads than at 7 megarads irradiation. When we store the rice bran oil, the addition of antioxidants of post-irradiation is more desirable than that of preirradiation. 5) In spite of changing conditions such as storage temperature and addition of antioxidants, the peroxide values of rice bran oils irradiated at 2 megarads were always greater than those at 7 megarads during the storage. Peroxide values of samples at high temperature $(25^{\circ}C)$ storage increased as twice as those of low temperature $(5^{\circ}C)$ storage samples. At low temperature, peroxide values in the first week increased twice during the period of 8th weeks storage, but those did from three to four times at higher temperature in the same period Therefore, the low temperature storage is recommandable too.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.353-361
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• 2020

The aim of this study was to identify the factors related to clinical practice stress in nursing college students. The participants comprised 160 students in a nursing college. Data collection was conducted from December 1, 2019 to December 15, 2019. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient and a multiple regression analysis. The average score for clinical practice stress was 3.19 out of a maximum of 5. clinical practice stress had a statistically significant relationship with self-esteem(r=.22, p=.005), nursing professionalism(r=-.26, p=.001) and cognitive emotion control strategy(r=.38, p<.001). The factors affecting clinical practice stress were maladaptive cognitive emotion control strategy(β=.46, p<.001), nursing professionalism(β=-.20, <.001), grade(β=.20, p=.002), motivation for nursing choice(β=-.15, p=.019); the explanatory power of the model was 35.5%. Therefore, in order to reduce the stress on clinical practice, it is necessary to develop a program that can lower the maladaptive cognitive emotion control strategy along with improving the nursing professionalism in stress situations.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.359-365
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• 1994

The crystal stucture of hexapotassium undecahydrogen tetratungsto hexaantimonate(V) tetrahydrate has been determined from single crystal X-ray diffraction data. Crystal data are as follows: $K_6H_{12}[Sb_6W_4O_{36}]{\cdot}4H_2O$, Fw = 2360.62, tetragonal, I$4_1$/a, a = 10.799(1) ${\AA}$, c = 35.244(5) ${\AA}$, V = 4110.1(7) ${\AA}^3$, Z = 4, $D_x$ = 3.82 g$cm^{-3}$, $\mu(MoK\alpha)$ = 160.15 $cm^{-1}$, T = 293 K, final R = 0.0356 for 2400($F_0 > 3\sigma(F_0))$ independent reflections. The $[H_{12}Sb_6W_4O_{36}]^{-6}$ polyanion independently consists of one tungsten, two antimony, and nine oxygen atoms and belongs to the $\bar4(S_4)$ point group. This polyanion is formed by two open octahedra five membered ring of Sb(3)$O_6-W(1)O_6-Sb(2)O_6-W(1)O_6-Sb(3)O_6$ which is connected at right angle. The Sb-W, Sb-O, and W-O bond distances range from 3.2304(9) to 3.2403(5) $\AA$, 1.745(8) to 2.334(6) $\AA$, and 1.914(7) to 2.039(7) $\AA$, respectively.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.726-731
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• 2013

Experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of low temperature-darkness treatment on floral initiation in four kinds of Korean strawberry cultivars. Mother plants were planted on March 29 and daughter plants were raised for the experiment. Temperature treatment was done for 7, 14, and 21 days keeping $13^{\circ}C$ in cooling storage from August 29, September 5 and September 14 to September 21. After the treatment, flower bud initiation was examined by a microscope, and the seedlings were transplanted on hydroponic system with Yamazaki's strawberry solution of EC $0.8dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ to check the flowering. 'Ssanta' and 'Maehyang' showed early flower bud initiation in 7 days treatment than 'Seolhyang' by microscope check. 'Ssanta', 'Daewang', and 'Maehyang' showed early flower bud initiation in 14 days treatment than 'Seolhyang'. There were no differences among the treatments in 21 days treatment. Percentage of flowering of 'Seolhyang' and 'Maehyang' by low temperature-darkness treatment didn't show any difference but 'Daewang' and 'Ssanta' showed high percentage of flowering. It suggested that low temperature-darkness treatment technique can be use for improving early flowering and yield of 'Ssanta' and 'Daewang' cultivars.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.661-667
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• 2016

The purpose of this was to study and analyze smart learning the self directed learning, self efficacy, learning satisfaction about department of radiology in a college. For this study total students 102 in 3 classes were surveyed at the end of semester. The research data was analyzed using SPSS also self directed learning, self learning efficacy, learning satisfaction analyzed t-test, ANOVA and Pearson's correlation coefficient results were followings. First, Men is more higher than women in a self learning efficacy, self directed learning, learning satisfaction. Second, in a learning satisfaction smart learning ever heard in a first time group more satisfaction. Third, during the smart learning classes a students appeared a positive response. As a results, learning satisfaction will increase a learning when learners need a ability of self control planning and learning motivation by themselves in voluntarily and actively. Suggest to change a paradigm in a radiology classes so we have to improve a teaching skills this solution recommend is two way communication. In conclusion, smart learning applied for classes of college is meaningful as a new teaching, which can be change gradually learning satisfaction by teaching methods.