• 제목/요약/키워드: Science High School

검색결과 12,978건 처리시간 0.046초

고등학생의 시간관리행동에 따른 교육소비만족도 및 학교생활만족도 (The Effects of the High School Students' Time Management Behavior on Satisfaction with Educational Consumption and School Life)

  • 이경민;이승신
    • Human Ecology Research
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    • 제53권1호
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    • pp.1-16
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    • 2015
  • This study aims to examine the effects of high school students' time management behaviors on their satisfaction with educational consumption and school life. Three hundred seventy-six high school students in Seoul participated in this investigation. The SPSS ver. 19.0 program was adopted for the descriptive analysis, factor analysis, Cronbach's ${\alpha}$, and multiple regression analysis. The results of the present study can be summarized as follows: first, the levels of time management behavior, satisfaction with educational consumption at school, and satisfaction with school life were relatively high. Second, an analysis of the relative influence on satisfaction with educational consumption revealed that the students' time management behavior was the most influential factor, followed by academic achievement. As the levels of time management behavior and academic achievement were high, the level of satisfaction with educational consumption was high. Finally, an analysis of the relative influence of satisfaction with school life also revealed that the students' time management behavior was the most influential factor, followed by academic achievement. Based on the findings, that is, the effects of high school students' time management behavior and other involved variables on their satisfaction with educational consumption and school life, a future study can present specific ways to enhance the level of satisfaction with educational consumption and school life.

Filling of Cu-Al Alloy Into Nanoscale Trench with High Aspect Ratio by Cyclic Metal Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition

  • Moon, H.K.;Lee, S.J.;Lee, J.H.;Yoon, J.;Kim, H.;Lee, N.E.
    • 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국진공학회 2012년도 제42회 동계 정기 학술대회 초록집
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    • pp.370-370
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    • 2012
  • Feature size of Cu interconnects keep shrinking into several tens of nanometer level. For this reason, the Cu interconnects face challenging issues such as increase of electro-migration, line-width dependent electrical resistivity increase, and gap-filling difficulty in high aspect ratio structures. As the thickness of the Cu film decreases below 30 nm, the electrical resistivity is not any more constant, but rather exponential. Research on alloying with other elements have been started to inhibit such escalation in the electrical resistivity. A faint trace of Al added in Cu film by sputtering was reported to contribute to suppression of the increase of the electrical resistivity. From an industrial point of view, we introduced cyclic metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) in order to control Al concentration in the Cu film more easily by controlling the delivery time ratio of Cu and Al precursors. The amount of alloying element could be lowered at level of below 1 at%. Process of the alloy formation was applied into gap-filling to evaluate the performance of the gap-filling. Voidless gap-filling even into high aspect ratio trenches was achieved. In-depth analysis will be discussed in detail.

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고등학교 과학수업 사례 분석을 통한 학교 과학 탐구의 특징 (Characteristics of School Science Inquiry Based on the Case Analyses of High School Science Classes)

  • 이선경;손정우;김종희;박종석;서혜애;심규철;이기영;이봉우;최재혁
    • 한국과학교육학회지
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    • 제33권2호
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    • pp.284-309
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    • 2013
  • 본 연구는 학교 과학 탐구의 특징이 어떠한지 탐색하는 것을 목표로 하였다. 연구를 위하여, 연구진은 13개의 과학중점학교에서 운영하는 다양한 유형의 일상적 과학수업을 참관하고 녹화하였다. 연구 자료는 총 15개 수업(18차시)에 해당하는 수업 관찰 및 녹화, 교사 및 학생과 면담, 수업 지도안 및 학생 활동지 등의 문서자료로 수집되었다. 수업 녹화물과 면담 녹음자료는 즉시 전사하여 분석에 사용되었다. 자료 분석은 3단계로 이루어졌다. 1단계에서는 전체 수업 중에서 교사-학생, 학생들 간의 상호작용이 활발한 수업을 선정했다. 2단계에서는 선정된 수업의 담화를 주제의 흐름에 따라 단편으로 나눈 후 '탐구의 인지적과정' (Chinn & Malhotra, 2002)을 준거로 하여 세부적으로 분석 및 해석했다. 3단계에서는 담화의 연속선상에서 일관되게 나타나는 탐구의 특징을 조명하였다. 연구 결과는 과학적 탐구의 특징으로서, '변인조절-실험장치 개선', '실험 계획 과정(변인탐색-절차계획-변인통제-측정계획)', '(관찰)증거-설명 변환 과정', ' 증거-설명 연결의 추론 과정'이 반영된 4개 수업 사례로 제시되었다. 연구 결과를 토대로 학교과학 탐구 실제에 대한 교육적 의미가 논의되었다.

중.고등학생을 위한 야외 지질 학습장 개발 및 야외 활동 지도 방안 (Development of Geological Field Courses and Field Activities for Secondary School Students)

  • 박진홍;정진우;조규성;이병주
    • 한국지구과학회지
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    • 제21권1호
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    • pp.13-21
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    • 2000
  • 야외 학습의 많은 이점에도 불구하고, 중 고등학교에서는 야외 지질 활동이 잘 이루어지지 않고 있다. 최근에 지질 답사 지역이 많이 개발되고 있으나, 대부분 지질학적 층서에 관한 서술적 설명으로 기재되어 있어 중 고등학생들에게 적합하지 않다. 따라서 전문적인 내용보다는 지구과학 교사가 손쉽게 학생들을 데리고 야외로 나갈 수 있는 야외 학습 프로그램이 필요한 실정이다. 본 연구는 중 고등학생을 위한 야외 지질 학습장을 개발하고 이를 효과적으로 수행할 수 있는 교수 학습 전략을 제시하여 일선 지구과학 교사들에게 도움을 주고자 한다.

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Multiple Paths to a Successful After-School Science Program for Middle School Girls

  • Lee, Soo-Young;Falk, Joni;Drayton, Brian
    • 한국과학교육학회지
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    • 제25권6호
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    • pp.658-670
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    • 2005
  • Eyes to the Future (ETF) is a year-long, multi-age mentoring program that supports middle-school girls as they make the transition to high school and make informed choices about the opportunities available to them in high school and beyond, particularly in the field of science and technology. In this study, we explore the tension between fidelity and adaptiveness of an educational innovation by examining how teachers in several different schools used a common set of materials and technology to create "native" implementations of an innovative after-school program, adapted to their local setting. First, we found that the implementation of the program varied across the nine clubs. For example, some clubs put a heavy emphasis on science while others emphasized technology. Then, we identified four different profiles of the variations in implementation based on how close the implementation was to the original program and how much clubs were able to customize the implementation to meet their needs and interests. The results showed that some clubs could be regarded as successful because they were faithful to the original program and others were successful because they could adapt the program for their own context. This implies that the measure for success can be and should be multi dimensional.

국가 수준의 과학 지식 평가 체제 개발 (Developing National Science Assessment System:Scientific Knowledge Domain)

  • 권재술;최병순;김찬종
    • 한국과학교육학회지
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    • 제18권4호
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    • pp.601-615
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    • 1998
  • 과학교육의 정책 수립과 평가 및 과학교육과정의 개편과 효율성 점검 등은 체계적이고 과학적인 연구 결과를 바탕으로 해야 한다. 이를 위해서 주요 선진국에서는 국가 수준 과학 학력평가를 지속적으로 실시하고 발전시켜 왔다. 우리 나라에서 그 동안 실시된 국가 수준 과학 학력평가는 많은 문제점을 가지고 있는 것으로 지적되어 왔으며, 과학 교육 정책 수립 및 평가 그리고 교육 과정 개편을 위한 자료 제공에 성공하지 못하였다. 이 연구의 주요 목적은 우리 나라 초 중 고학생들의 과학 지식 성취의 경향성을 파악하고 향후 주기적으로 진행되어질 국가적 차원의 평가 지표를 만들기 위한 국가 수준의 과학 지식 평가 체제를 개발하는 것이다. 과학교육전문가와 초 중 고 교사들로 연구팀을 구성하고, 교육평가 전문가들과의 협조와 자문을 통해서 국가 수준 과학지식 평가 체제의 방향과 주요 요소를 결정하였다. 또한 문항 개발을 위한 세미나와 워크숍을 통해서 평가문항개발 능력을 향상시켰으며, 계획한 문항을 개발하고, 수정하였으며, 초 중 고교생 958명을 대상으로 예비검사를 실시하고 그 결과를 바탕으로 최종 문항을 380개를 선정하고 수정하였다. 최종 선정한 문항은 다시 초 중 고 학생 8766명을 대상으로 본 검사를 실시하여 문항반응이론(IRT)을 이용하여 문항의 특성을 분석하였다. 연구 결과 국가 수준 과학 지식 평가는 매년 초등학교 5학년, 중학교 2학년, 고등학교 1학년과 2학년을 대상으로 학년말에 실시하는 것이 바람직하다. 표집은 다단계 유층화 표집 방법을 사용하며, 검사지는 복수형으로 개 발하며 가교문항을 활용하여 검사지간 학교급간, 종단적 비교의 기초로 삼는다. 본 연구에서는 국가 수준 과학지식 평가 체제를 위하여 각 모집단 별로 문제 은행에 포함시킬 80 내지 100문항씩 총 380문항을 개발하였다. 개발된 문항과 검사의 특성을 분석하여 본 결과 초등학교용 문항들은 중간 또는 중간 이하의 능력을 가진 학생들에게, 중학교용과 고등학교 1학년 용 문항들은 중간 또는 중간 이상의 능력을 가진 학생들에게, 고등학교 자연계용 문항들은 비교적 높은 능력을 가진 학생들에게 적합하였다. 개발한 문항들의 변별도는 우수하거나 매우 우수한 것으로 나타나서, 학생들의 과학 지식 성취를 정확하게 평가하는 데 적합한 것으로 보인다.

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Comparative Analysis of Performance and Microbial Characteristics Between High-Solid and Low-Solid Anaerobic Digestion of Sewage Sludge Under Mesophilic Conditions

  • Lu, Qin;Yi, Jing;Yang, Dianhai
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제26권1호
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    • pp.110-119
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    • 2016
  • High-solid anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge achieves highly efficient volatile solid reduction, and production of volatile fatty acid (VFA) and methane compared with conventional low-solid anaerobic digestion. In this study, the potential mechanisms of the better performance in high-solid anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge were investigated by using 454 high-throughput pyrosequencing and real-time PCR to analyze the microbial characteristics in sewage sludge fermentation reactors. The results obtained by 454 highthroughput pyrosequencing revealed that the phyla Chloroflexi, Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes were the dominant functional microorganisms in high-solid and low-solid anaerobic systems. Meanwhile, the real-time PCR assays showed that high-solid anaerobic digestion significantly increased the number of total bacteria, which enhanced the hydrolysis and acidification of sewage sludge. Further study indicated that the number of total archaea (dominated by Methanosarcina) in a high-solid anaerobic fermentation reactor was also higher than that in a low-solid reactor, resulting in higher VFA consumption and methane production. Hence, the increased key bacteria and methanogenic archaea involved in sewage sludge hydrolysis, acidification, and methanogenesis resulted in the better performance of high-solid anaerobic sewage sludge fermentation.

Implementation and Evaluation of Proxy Caching Mechanisms with Video Qualify Adjustment

  • Sasabe, Masahiro;Taniguchi, Yoshiaki;Wakamiya, Naoki;Murata, Masayuki;Miyahara, Hideo
    • 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한전자공학회 2002년도 ITC-CSCC -1
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    • pp.121-124
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    • 2002
  • The proxy mechanism widely used in WWW systems offers low-delay data delivery by means of "proxy server". By applying the proxy mechanisms to the video streaming system, we expect that high-quality and low-delay video distribution can be accomplished without introducing extra load on the system. In addition, it is effective to adapt the quality of cached video data appropriately in the proxy if user requests are diverse due to heterogeneity in terms of the available bandwidth, end-system performance, and user′s preferences on the perceived video quality. We have proposed proxy caching mechanisms to accomplish the high-quality and highly-interactive video streaming services. In our proposed system, a video stream is divided into blocks for efficient use of the cache buffer. The proxy server is assumed to be able to adjust the quality of a cached or retrieved video block to the request through video filters. In this paper, to verify the practicality of our mechanisms, we implemented them on a real system and conducted experiments. Through evaluations from several performance aspects, it was shown that our proposed mechanisms can provide users with a low-latency and high-quality video streaming service in a heterogeneous environment.

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Comparative Analysis of Gut Microbial Communities in Children under 5 Years Old with Diarrhea

  • Wen, Hongyu;Yin, Xin;Yuan, Zhenya;Wang, Xiuying;Su, Siting
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제28권4호
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    • pp.652-662
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    • 2018
  • Diarrhea is a global disease with a high morbidity and mortality rate in children. In this study, 25 fecal samples were collected from children under 5 years old. Seven samples had been taken from healthy children without diarrhea and marked as the healthy control group; eight samples had been sampled from children with diarrhea caused by dyspepsia and defined as the non-infectious group; and ten samples had been taken from children with diarrhea induced by intestinal infections and identified as the infectious group. We detected the microbial communities of samples by using high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA genes. The proportion of aerobic and facultative anaerobic microbes in samples of the infectious group was much higher than in the non-infectious group. In addition, the relative abundance of Enterococcus in the healthy control group was significantly higher than in the non-infectious group and infectious group. This can be used as a potential diagnostic biomarker for diarrhea.