• ETRI Journal
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.401-406
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• 2011

This paper presents a fast block-matching algorithm based on the normalized cross-correlation, where the elimination order is determined based on the gradient magnitudes of subblocks in the current macroblock. Multilevel Cauchy-Schwartz inequality is derived to skip unnecessary block-matching calculations in the proposed algorithm. Also, additional complexity reduction is achieved re-using the normalized cross correlation values for the spatially neighboring macroblock because the search areas of adjacent macroblocks are overlapped. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can improve the speed-up ratio up to about 3 times in comparison with the existing algorithm.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.679-702
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• 2012

Values can be regarded as an important factor which acts as an indicator showing each person's individual path of life. many researchers have suggested that values function as standards that guide thought and action. Values lead us to take particular positions on social issues and they predispose us to favor one perspective over another. Adolescence is an important period for the establishment of one's values. The values established during such a period become an important factor determining one's right personality and contents of life. In particular, it is important to take a study about the values possessed by gifted and talented children in Korea. There have been several researches regarding the cognitive and affective characteristics of gifted and talented learners in Korea. However, there has not been any research regarding their values in life. This study investigates the characteristics of values shown by 468 high-school students from two special schools for gifted students by using Schwartz's Value Survey Scale which is consisted of 57 value categories and 10 value types. According to the results of this study, the students from the special high-school for gifted children tend to promote such value types as 'autonomy' and 'stimulation' the most. Conversely, the same students tend to deny or ignore such value types as 'power' and 'tradition'. This study provides basic data regarding the values of gifted and talented students as the first research of its kind targeting gifted students in Korea. It has an important meaning for the research related to the characteristics shown by gifted students in Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.143-164
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between public library use and the individual's personal value system. The personal value system was measured by Schwartz's (1992) Theory of Basic Human Values. The theory includes ten universal values, which can be categorized into four higher-order values: namely, self-transcendence vs. self-enhancement; and openness to change vs. conservation. The data were collected on the web from 1,000 Korean adults who were 18 years old or above using a quota sampling method with respect to the distributions of gender, age, and geographic locations of the general Korean adult population. The collected data were analyzed using multi-dimensional scaling method, t-tests, and multiple correlations. The results showed that the public library is more likely to be used by the individuals who value "openness to change" (representing self-direction and stimulation), and "self-enhancement"(representing achievement, power, hedonism/sensuous pleasure) than those who value "conservation" (representing safety, stability of society, conformity to rules, tradition) and "self-transcendence" (representing interest in other's well-being, and tolerance, welfare of humanity and community). The findings suggest that public library uses reflect the characteristics of major library services, such as reading and self-learning, which are very autonomous and individualistic in their nature. The findings are valuable in understanding the nature of the functions performed by the current Korean public libraries that are reflected in the personal values of Korean adult library users.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.351-362
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• 2018

This study investigated how Schwartz' value system(1992) would interfere with SNS users' motivations and behavioral responses. The study result shows that values are characterized in terms of openness, mutual reciprocity, self enhancement, normative compliance, and security. Each of them exerted differential impact on SNS usage motives, social capital, ad response, and word-of-mouth, among others. The five values were used as an input for segmenting SNS users and clustering method produced four value segments; experience seeker, interdependent sympathizer, self enhancer, and norm-bound. Each value group not only influenced SNS perceptions and behavioral responses differently, but also showed a systematic relationship with SNS service types. The study findings demonstrate that Schwartz's value system provides a very useful theoretical basis for understanding the psychological mechanism underlying SNS usage.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.257-267
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• 2017

This study investigated the effects of values towards Korea fair trade coffee consumers upon attitudes and behavioral intentions and verified the moderating effects of ethical consumption consciousness between relationships among values, attitudes and behavioral intentions. A total of 283 data were analyzed for consumers of fair trade coffee residing in Seoul. Structural equation models were used to identify the relationship between the variables. As a result of the analysis, Schwartz (1994)'s 30 value items were factored into four areas: openness to change, self-enhancement, conservation, and self-transcendence. The value of 'self-transcendence' showed a significant positive impact on attitudes toward fair trade coffee, whereas 'openness to change' had a significant negative impact. Positive attitude toward fair trade coffee showed a significant impact on intentions to buy fair trade coffee. In addition, a moderating effect of ethical consumption consciousness between attitude and behavioral intention was found. Limitations and future research directions are also discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.425-441
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• 2023

Over the past few years, the fashion industry has faced numerous environmental issues and sustainability is being promoted as the key to success. This study conducted in-depth interviews with a range of stakeholders, such as designers and marketing professionals from upcycled Korean fashion brands, to examine how their sustainable values are reflected and developed through corporate activities related to planning, production, promotion, and distribution. The sustainable values inferred from the interviews were coded based on Schwartz's universal values with a view to addressing conflicts of values and promoting the sustainability of upcycled fashion brands in Korea. Through this process, the study derived universalistic, economic, and self-oriented sustainable values. The study also proposed a conceptual framework for upcycled fashion brands by discussing difficulties and limitations and offer proposals that could help the industry. The results indicate that a key driver for market success is promoting sustainable values in upcycled fashion. Finally, suggestions are offered for follow-up research that can further support sustainable practices in the fashion industry.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.29-52
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• 2012

As sustainability has grown into a key global issue, more and more information technology (IT) products have adopted these concepts to attract consumers. However, these products potentially require consumers' physical or economic sacrifice at least for a short period of time. Therefore, the reason of consumers' adoption of sustainable IT products cannot be fully explained by the two traditional values: hedonic and utility values. However, expectancy-value theory, which has been used to explain the relationship between value and behavior, still takes hedonic value and utility value into consideration. The purpose of this study is to suggest an amended expectancy-value theory to better explain the adoption of IT products that consider sustainability. For this purpose, two social values-the normative value based on the Schwartz's model of moral norm and the eudemonic value of the Stoic philosophy-were added to the individual values to examine which value particularly influences the adoption of sustainable IT products. In addition, the moderating effect of perceived sustainability between four values and adoption of sustainable IT products was verified.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.1-24
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• 2017

This article empirically examines the relationship between values, consumer innovativeness, online opinion leadership, and new product adoption behavior utilizing wearable technology as the overall unit of analysis. The authors analyze data collected from SNS users who possess one or more wearable devices using a structural equation modeling approach to examine the direct effects. Moreover, a bootstrapping approach is adopted to explore the indirect effects between the constructs. The results indicate that consumers who value stimulation and hedonism are more inclined to possess stronger consumer innovativeness. Consumer innovativeness also positively influences online opinion leadership, ultimately leading to the faster adoption of new products. The mediating effect of consumer innovativeness between the value stimulation and online opinion leadership is also confirmed. In addition, although consumer innovativeness has no direct effect on new product adoption behavior, it does have an indirect, mediating effect through online opinion leadership.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.71-81
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• 2017

This study examined the effects of personal values on the levels of life satisfaction among three Northeast Asian countries: Korea, China, and Japan. For this, it used data from the World Values Survey and adopted the value categories framed by Schwartz(2012). The mains findings are as follows. First, the Korean respondents showed the lowest levels of life satisfaction and the Japanese respondents showed the lowest levels of importance on each value. Second, the Korean and Chinese respondents who put more importance on the value of 'self-direction' showed higher levels of life satisfaction. Third, the Chinese and Japanese respondents who put more importance on the value of 'benevolence' showed higher levels of life satisfaction. Fourth, while the Chinese and Japanese respondents with a higher level of importance on the value of 'universalism' and 'tradition', respectively, showed higher levels of life satisfaction, the Korean respondents with a higher level of importance on the value of 'power' showed lower levels of life satisfaction. Based on the findings, it suggested the directions for future research.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.313-342
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• 2016

The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between individual values, nature-relatedness, and happiness in a sample of Korean university students(N=224). Specially, we used Schwartz's PVQ, life satisfaction, positive affect, psychological well-being, social well-being, and Korean Happiness scale to measure values and happiness. According to the bivariate correlational analysis, generally, there were positive correlation between benevolence, self-direction, universalism, stimulation and one of 5 happiness measurements and there was negative correlation between achievement and life satisfaction. Nature-relatedness were positively related with five types of happiness measurements. According to the hierarchical regression, demographic variables(sex, religion, economic levels), value types, and nature-relatedness explained 25%~36% of variance in happiness. Value was more related with psychological well-being than life satisfaction, positive affect, social well being, Korean happiness scale. This results emphasize the importance of healthy value(benevolence, self-direction) and provision of opportunities contact with nature to promote human happiness.