• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.34-42
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• 2012

The forecasted energy shortage tends to encourage to develop the next generation energy to countermove the energy problems and the climatic change all over the world. Korean government is pushing ahead with the policy for 'Low Carbon Green Growth' to deal with climate changes and to overcome energy problems. And many studies for low carbon green city or zero carbon city have been progressed. In this study, energy plants and energy scenarios are selected by energy supply suited features of city at city plan. The method to evaluate energy scenario can be proposed to apply various energy plants for energy demand on city planning step and evaluation method can be systematized to be used by users. Also the calculated values are changed into index for comparison according to each energy scenario.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.117-140
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• 2012

It is hard, but important to evaluate and select a new service model for the public sector, accompanying unexpectable risk. The purpose of this study is to build and develop the evaluation framework of public projects and to present a project evaluation system which is more rational and methodical. The evaluation framework has been developed by calculating the evaluation criteria and weights resulted from an interview with an expert group and Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP). Moreover, market-oriented characteristics, technology-oriented characteristics, service development capabilities and policy-oriented characteristics were predominantly chosen as the evaluation items. The re-evaluation of the app development support programs was conducted to check the feasibility as an evaluation system influencing the performance of firms. The result of an evaluation system proposed by this study showed better evaluation performance than previous ones, better predicting the actual business performance. Currently, though the policies of the public sectors and support programs focus on the outcome and performance management, the result of this study shows the importance of project selections. Also, implications of the study are discussed.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.85-96
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• 2009

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess input for health promoting schools (HPS), and to evaluate HPS based on WHO's guidelines through school characteristics, and to identify the schools' need among six areas of HPS. Methods: A stratified and random cluster sampling design was used to obtain a cross-sectional sample. A total of 59 elementary, middle and high schools in Seoul and Gyeonggi areas were included, and 333 teachers (males 40.6%, females 59.4%) participated in this survey. A self-reported questionnaire consisted of ten items for input for HPS, 50 items for the evaluation of HPS and three items for the schools' needs among six areas of HPS. Data was analyzed through a t-test, ANOVA, and a Duncan test. Results: The mean score of input for HPS was 48.5 ($\pm$15.3). Elementary schools had higher mean scores of input than middle schools. The mean score of schools with a management committee was higher than those schools without it. The schools which had meetings on health issues had higher mean scores. The mean score for HPS was 76.8 ($\pm$9.4): the area of "School Physical Environment" had the highest score (80.0$\pm$10.9), and the area of "Community Relationships" had the lowest score (67.1$\pm$13.9). Elementary schools had higher mean scores of HPS than middle and high schools. The schools which had less than nine classes and more than 31 classes had higher mean scores. The mean scores of schools with less than 340 students and more than 1201 students had higher. The schools which had meetings on health issues had higher mean scores. The same results were found on six areas of HPS. The teachers responded that the areas of "School Health Policy", "The School Physical Environment", and "Health Service" should be supported among the six areas of HPS. Conclusion: Based on these results, more concerns and support for school health are necessary. Middle schools should give more regard on the development of HPS. For comprehensive school health promotion, all six areas of HPS should be equally supported.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.121-144
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• 2024

This study analyzes how the academic achievement of students in Korea changes as they transition from 4th grade of elementary school to 2nd grade of middle school, considering that the 4th graders in the previous TIMSS cycle become 2nd graders in the next cycle. In particular, this study selects and compares the eight main countries in the TIMSS math evaluation (Korea, Singapore, Taiwan, Japan, USA, UK, Australia, and Russia) to analyze the trend of change in academic achievement of Korean students according to school grade transition. The trend of change in academic achievement of students was analyzed not only overall but also by content area (number, geometry and measurement, data representation (data and probability/data and probability), gender, and regional scale. The analysis focused on the average score and the proportion of students by achievement level. The results of the study are as follows. First, there was no significant change in the average score of Korean students' academic achievement as the school grade transitioned, but the achievement gap widened in terms of the proportion by achievement level. Second, there were differences in students' academic achievement by content area according to school grade transition, and the pattern differed depending on the evaluation cycle. Third, there was a significant gap in students' math academic achievement depending on gender and regional scale of school location. This study reveals that the achievement gap among students in our country widens as they transition between school levels. The gap is found to vary in terms of achievement level, math content area, student gender, and school location. To alleviate these disparities, more substantial research and support are proposed in addition to policy implementation by the government or provincial offices of education.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.144-155
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• 1997

In December 1990, Occupational Safety and Health Law was amended to reinforce employer's responsibilities on employees' health and safety. Among the amended law it was important to expand the role of an occupational health nurse to the role of an occupational health manager. An occupational health manager should take charge of coordinating periodic health examination and environmental hazard evaluation, providing primary care, monitoring employees' health status, giving the workplace walk-through, selecting safe protection equipment, providing health information, counseling and health education, independently. This position of occupational health nurse is equivalent to the role of doctors or occupational hygienists. In 1991, government made a master plan to prevent occupational disease and injury. Under the plan, Korea Industrial Nursing Association (KINA) was established in 1994 with the purpose of improving health services and upgrading career opportunities for members. Therefore, this study was designed to analyze the transition of occupational health nursing education with the changes of law and policy in Korea between 1991 and 1996. In details, it was to analyze the rate of school providing occupational health nursing practice based lecture, lecture hours, lecture contents in undergraduate curriculum, program contents of graduate school, kinds of continuing education, etc. For this purpose, we conducted survey two times. In February 1991, baseline study was conducted with all nursing programs in Korea (19 BSN programs and 43 nursing departments of junior college). From April to May in 1996, the second survey was conducted with all nursing programs (38 BSN programs and 69 junior colleges). The first response rate was 66.1% and the second was 40.6%. Structured questionnaires were mailed to the deans or the community health nursing faculties. In the case of graduate school, telephone survey was conducted with 10 school of public health or environmental health area. Data from the yearbook of Industrial Safety Training Institute (ISTI), the history of Korea Industrial Health Association, and the journals of KINA were also included in the analysis. As the results, we found that there were remarkable improvement in undergraduate and graduate programs, obligatory as well as voluntary continuing education in terms of occupational health nursing expertise between 1991 and 1996. 1) The number of school providing occupational health nursing practice-based lecture was increased with the rate from 7.3% to 25.6%. The rate of school giving over 15 class-hours was increased from 33.3% to 46.6%. 2) Content areas were composed of introduction of occupational health, occupational epidemiology, industrial hygiene, occupational disease and injury, law and policy, health education, concept of occupational health nursing, role of occupational health nurse, occupational health nursing process, etc. Of content areas, occupational health nursing process was more emphasized with the increased rate from 43.9% to 88.4%. 3) In the case of graduate school, occupational health programs were increased from 4 to 10. One of them has developed occupational health nursing program as an independent course since 1991. 4) The law increased educational hours from 28 hours to 36 hours for introductory course at the time of appointment, and from 14 hours to 24 hours every 2 years for continuing education. Course contents were Occupational safety and health law, introduction of occupational health, health education methodology, planning and evaluation, periodic health exam, occupational disease care, primary care, emergency care, management, industrial environment evaluation, etc. In 1996, Korea Industrial Nursing Association has begun to provide continuing education after Industrial Safety Training Institute. 5) Various educational programs in voluntary base were developed such as monthly seminar, CE articles, annual academic symposium, etc. It was shown that changes of law and policy led rapid growth of occupational health nursing education in various levels. From this trend, it is expected that occupational health nurse expertise be continuously to be enhanced in Korea. Legal and political supports should proceed for the development of occupational health nursing in early stage.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.165-180
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• 1994

The change in the police concerning food and dietary life were analyzed in order to provide bases of establishing policy of food and dietary life properly. The last half one century was divided into six periods as follows ; The period since liberlation from Japanese rule(1945-1949) the 1950's (1950-1959) 1960's (1960-1969) 1970's (1970-1979) 1980's (1980-1989) 1990's (1990-1992). Dietary life by 1960's were a life of distress and policies coducted by government took on an relief supply of food at this period. Movement about 'intake of mixed rice with barley and foods from flour' to supress rice consumption were encouraged by government. And Korean recommended dietary allowance was made and the national nutritional survey was practived in the first place by the Ministry of Health and Social Affairs. Dietary life of the country begin to improve sharply along with rice self-sufficiency since 1975 With the growth of food and eating out industry intake of instant food processed food and fast food has increased at the 1980's To ministry of Health and Social Affairs drove campaign of 'Joo-Moon Sik Dahn Je' for dietary life improvement at 1981 The Ministry of Education made and announced a 'School Feeding Law' at 1981 The government that is the Office of Permier and the Ministry of Health and Social Affairs developed compaign for improvement of dietary life and drove 'Jo Eun Sik Dahan Je' with Association of restaurant jointly. Policy on food and dietary life conducted by government up to data were planned mainly dependent on food production supply and demand of food. Infectious diseases continue to decrease with increasing of degenerative diseases which will be required proper management of dietary life. In the future more aggressive intergrated food policy are needed to maintain the public health. Aoso dietary improvement movement should be drived actively.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.531-542
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• 2015

The discussion about the structural reformation of Korean rail industry has been consistently conducted from the evaluation on Korean National Railroad's management in 1998, the foundation of KORAIL in 2005 to the approval of Suseo KTX corporation establishment in 2013 and the controversy over its privatization. This research explores the changes of government policies by applying to ACF in the assumption that those changes have been implemented due to the interaction of various external variables and main agents in policy which had existed for a long-term period that the rail industry's structural reformation has been practiced for more than 10 years. The unions failed to reach an agreement for the rail industry's structural reformation, the policies regarding the reformation have been led by superior political unions. And this research concludes that a mediator who can compromise unions' different policy preferences and means and bring up a compromised decision in conflicted situation plays a pivotal role to successfully practice these policies.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.35-46
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• 2005

It has been almost 20 years since Korea has started the research of school facilities, but there has not been any form of organized information or studies done about such a trend of the research. In this respect, this research places its focus on categorizing 44 policy studies initiated and proceeded by different organizations for last twenty years(1983-2004) and 186 volumes of the research about education facility plans and projects released by journal of Architectural Institute of Korea and journal of Korean Institute of Educational Facilities in 17 subjects of this study. It also concentrates on organizing data based on different levels of schools and periods of time as well as understanding the trend. The result of this research is followings. Considering every volume of the paper and the subjects that have previously been treated in those papers, the trend of this study is divided into the first stage of research period(1983-1993), the second stage of research period(1994-2001), and the third stage of research period(2002-present). Of all the papers, there has been the most number of papers objecting elementary schools(110 volumes, 56.1%), and most of them focused on space formation, size, and the present situation of utilization of each classroom in elementary schools. In the meantime, the studies about educational information, application of the media, space formation and size under teachers'consent, two-dimension types, a design of outdoor space(including gardens), the present situation of utilization, remodeling of school facilities, an evaluation of space and recognition-awareness analysis have been mainly done since 1995. Such a result mentioned above provides a sense of understanding about a level of studies about education facilities in our country, and as a basic source for future guidelines of studies and contents, in my personal opinion, it contains a high level of application.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.129-144
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• 2012

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the level of emotional labor and to identify affecting factors on emotional labor among one university hospital employees. Material and Method : This study was based on cross-sectional, self-administered, and Internet-based survey. The survey was conducted from Mar. 2 to Mar. 28. 2011. Total subjects were 812 employees working in one university hospital. Total response rate was 61.5%. Modified evaluation tool was used, which was originally developed by Morris and Feldman, to measure the level of emotional labor among hospital personnel. In order to identify the affecting factors on high level of emotional labor, we conducted logistic regression. The SPSS statistical software package was used to perform the statistical analysis. All statistical tests were 2-sided and a p-value<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results : Average score of emotional labor was 3.06. Employees(3.39) who are working at the emergency department and hemodialysis room indicated the highest level of emotional labor, followed by wards(3.14), department of administration(3.14), department of ambulatory cares(3.06). The factors affecting on the high level of emotional labor were the highest level of schooling, types of department, and types of personality(p<0.05). Conclusion : The survey results showed that there was significant level of emotional labors among hospital employees. Therefore, the efforts to reduce the level of emotional labors are needed.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.8
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• pp.286-294
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to determine what children's rights to play are. For this purpose, we extracted the core contents of schools' play environments and we developed a checklist that schools can use to evaluate their own play environments. We reviewed the UN Committee on the Rights of Children and the General Comments No. 17. Through this process, we found 16 core contents that the play environment should have. We conducted focus group interviews with children, parents and teachers, who are principle people involved with school play. The focus group interviews discussed the basic elements of the school play environment. The contents' validity was reviewed by a group of professionals. Based on this, we created an evaluation checklist with 10 major areas of the school play environment. The 10 areas of the school play environment evaluation scale are as follows. The ten areas of the play environment assessment scale for the school environment to ensure children's right to play are sufficient play time, sufficient play space, a child's best interests and the child's participation, nondiscrimination, diversity and freedom, challenge and adventure, safety, school policy, the play has an educating component, and community cooperation.