• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers B
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.116-122
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• 2000

In the high speed range for salient type synchronous reluctance motor, the effect of iron loss can not be negligible. We have investigated the voltage equations including iron loss from the model that is added the equivalent iron loss in the equivalent inductance in series. In this paper, we derive Ld linear approximate equation from saturation range of Ld, Lq vs applied voltage characteristics and obtain equations including saturation and iron loss related to maximum torque control using Ld. The effect of saturation and iron loss is investigated under maximum torque control. And we show that the proposed maximum torque control scheme achieves the desired performances through experimental results.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.87-89
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• 2006

CoFeV thin film alloys were fabricated by electrodeposition, and the dependences of their magnetic properties on the current density were investigated using an X-ray diffractometer and a vibrating sample magnetometer. The deposited Co increased from about 45 to 60 wt.% with increasing current density until $25mA/cm^2$ whereas the deposited Fe decreased from about 55 to 40 wt.% with increasing current density until $25mA/cm^2$. The deposited V, about 2 wt.%, was independent of the current density. The current efficiencies of electrodeposition decreased linearly from about 40 to 29% with increasing current density. The X-ray diffraction measurement showed that all peaks of the CoFeV films were consistent with those of a typical Co hcp and Fe bcc mixed phase. An increase in the current density decreased the grain size and increased the lattice constant. The saturation magnetization increased from about 2.2 to 2.5 T with increasing current density. The coercivity measured in the perpendicular direction decreased from 260 to 120 Oe with increasing current density; a drastic drop of 60 Oe occurred at $5mA/cm^2$. The coercivity measured in the in-plane direction remained almost unchanged, at about 20 Oe, with increasing current density.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.356-363
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• 2003

An eddy current testing system was developed for detection of flaws in the ferromagnetic steel tubes. Because the eddy current signals from the ferromagnetic steel tubes could be distorted easily due to an irregularity of magnetic permeability, magnetic saturation is required to suppress this variation of magnetic fields. A magnetic saturation probe with the Hemholtz coil was designed for the inspection of the steel tubes. The bandwidth pass filters were adapted to minimize the noise from the DC magnetization. When using the designed test probe, the flaw signals could be discriminated from the noise. The system was tested at the production line and showed a capability of detecting flaws, like a drilled hole of the diameter of 2.0mm at the moving speed of 1m/sec.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.13-20
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• 2003

The model of the transistor saturation current of the BJT for integrated circuits based upon the semiconductor physics is proposed. The method for calculating the doping profile in the base region using process conditions is presented and the method for calculating the base Gummel number of lateral PNP BJT and vertical NPN BJT is proposed. The transistor saturation currents of NPN BJT using 20V and 30V process conditions obtained from the proposed method show an average relative error of 6.7% compared with the measured data and the transistor saturation currents of PNP BJT show an average relative error of 6.0% compared with the measured data.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.262-265
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• 2003

During magnetic inrush or over-excitation saturation of the core in a transformer draws a large exciting current. This can cause mal-operation of a differential relay. This paper proposes a modified current differential relay for transformer protection. In order to cope with the remanent flux at the beginning. the start of saturation of the core is detected and the core flux at the instant is estimated by inserting the differential current into a magnetization curve. Then, this core flux value can be used to calculate the core flux. The proposed relay calculates the core-loss current from the induced voltage and the core-loss resistance; the relay calculates the magnetizing current from the core flux and the magnetization curve. Finally, the relay obtains the modified differential current by subtracting the core-loss current and the magnetizing current from the conventional differential current. The proposed technique not only discriminates magnetic inrush and over-excitation from an internal fault, but also improves the speed of the conventional relay.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.284-289
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• 2015

This paper discusses general methods of modelling magnetic saturation in steady-state, two-axis (d & q) frame models of dual stator induction generators (DSIG). In particular, the important role of the magnetic coupling between the d-q axes (cross-magnetizing phenomenon) is demonstrated, with and without cross-saturation. For that purpose, two distinct models of DSIGs, with and without cross-saturation, are specified. These two models are verified by an application that is sensitive to the presence of cross-saturation, to prove the validity of these final methods and the equivalence between all developed models. Advantages of some of the models over the existing ones and their applicability are discussed. In addition, an alternative is given to evaluate all saturation factors (static and dynamic) by just calculating the static magnetizing inductance which is simply the magnitude of the ratio of the magnetizing flux to the current. The comparison between the simulation results of the proposed model with experimental results gives a good correspondence, especially at startup.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.103-112
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• 2014

BY the Transformers and reactors, the input electrical energy is converted into magnetic energy. At the end through the magnetic energy was passed at the output parameter. Specially At the flyback transformer or a reactor airgap were designed to contain more magnetic energy. But that work is very difficult for the optimal design. It is that Contradictions are between the length of the Air-gap, Winding inductance, DC bias. As to e Several conflicting conditions in order to determine the optimum Air-gap has a lot of experience and trial & error is necessary. The approach proposed in this paper, the auxiliary winding on the core attached to part of primary core, that by applying a DC voltage has a dramatic effect like Core with designed Air-gap. This inventiveness and advantage is to regulate arbitrarily the Saturation Flux Quantity by the input signal to secondary winding. Accordingly obtained the biggest effect is that increasing limits of the saturation current destined by the material and shape of the conventional core. In other words, that can decreas the size of the transformer and reactor, While maintaining the current saturation capacity. This paper, prove its effect as using the local flux saturation in transformers and reactors for research by the computer program using the finite element method (FEM) simulation, followed by actual experiment to verify

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2015.07a
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• pp.667-668
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• 2015

Synchronous Reluctance Motor (SynRM) has a simple structure with high efficient and without rotor conductor loss. Therefore, it is better than induction motor for electric vehicle (EV) on aspect of efficiency. SynRM usually operates on the constant torque region using maximum torque per ampere （MTPA）control which is adopted due to rotor structure limitation. Thus, the accurate current angle is crucial for motor control. However, finite element analysis (FEA) program is not sufficient exactly to regard how the iron loss and magnetic saturation influences on the current angle. Consequently, this paper proposed a method to calculate the current angle with consideration of iron loss.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1995.07b
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• pp.628-630
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• 1995

CT saturation may cause protective relays to malfunction. The conventional method to deal with the problem is overdimensioning of the core so that CTs can carry up to 20 times the rated current without exceeding 10 % ratio correction. However, this not only reduces the sensitivity of relays, but also increases the CT core size. This paper presents a technique of estimating the secondary current corresponding to the CT ratio under CT saturation using the magnetization curve. The proposed algorithm can improve the sensitivity of relays to low level faults and minimize the instability of relays for external faults.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1995.07b
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• pp.476-478
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• 1995

The conventional technique to deal with CT saturation is overdimensioning of the core so that CTs can carry up to 20 times the rated current without exceeding 10% ratio correction. However, this not only reduces the sensitivity of relays, but also increases the CT core size in proportion to the expected maximum fault current to avoid CT saturation. This paper presents a technique of estimating the secondary current corresponding to the CT ratio which can reduce the required CT core cross section significantly.