• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.27-47
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• 2019

Purpose : This study was designed to identify the perception and practice level of infection control among korean medical doctors and to identify factors that may influence the performance and practice level. Methods : Data were collected using the on­line survey method. Seven hundred and eighty four Korean medical doctors(KMD) participated the survey. The study was conducted from December 2018 to January 2019. Results : The results of this study are as follows. 1. Participants who experienced infection risk by needles or sharp instruments were 596(76%). and participants who had experienced blood or body fluid contact with the mucous membrane or skin of the patient during treatment were 226(28.8%) of them. 2. The degree of perception and practice of the infectious guideline was higher in the group over 50 years, in the doctor group, in the group with more than 6 years experience in clinic and in the group who work in the hospital. (p < 0.05) 3. In the performance of the infection control management related to the Korean medical treatment, the practice level of the article 'Discard the remaining needle that used for one patient' was the lowest at 4.02, 'Identify the patient and check the validity period of sterilization of medicines or instruments' was the second lowest in 4.16. 4. Among the contents of "Prevention of Nosocomial infection and Sanitary Safety Guidelines" issued by the Korean Medical Association in 2008, the guideline "Prevention of infection by pathogens such as HIV, MRSA, SARS" were lowest article in the perception and practice level of participants. 5. Regression analysis was performed to find out the factors affecting perception and performance of the participants. The regression model showed significant difference in the regression model of the working years. (p < 0.05) 6. In order to examine the effect of the variables on the perception and practice of the infectious guideline, the mediated effect of the knowledge and education level according to the years of working, age, education degree was found to be significant only in the education degree variable. (p < 0.05) In conclusion : in order to improve the perception and practice of infectious control of Korean medicine doctors, it is necessary to include the contents of infection management as essential education during the continuing education of Korean medicine association.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 1999

The purposes of this study were to analyze the relationship between 12 independent variables and the foodservice productivity in the welfare facilities for the elderly. The results of the study were summarized as follows; 1. 67.2 percentage of surveyed welfare facilities for the elderly were not managed by dietitians, so menu planning, food purchasing, management of eqipment and facilities, sanitary practice, and management of work were administered nonsystematically. 2. From the results of factor analysis of variables related to the affecting productivity, 5 factors were generated and the factors were named ‘foodservice scale’, ‘human resourcs’, ‘use of food’, ‘use of equipment’ and ‘use of document’, and then the relation between the factor variables and productivity was examined by multiple regression anlysis.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.34-47
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• 2004

Although Environmental Impact Assessment(EIA) in Korea has been improved markedly over the past two decades, by enlarging the range of projects for assessment, instituting pub lic participation and environmental monitoring, and similar measures, it remains deficient in its coverage of human health in Environmental Impact Statements(EISs). Health Impact Assessment(HIA) can supply the necessary correctives. HIA is a combination of procedures, methods and tools by which a policy, programme, projects or legislative procedure may be judged for its potential effects on the health of a population, and the distribution of these effects within it. The principle of health protection is, however, established as a primary concern in EIA processes, in practice health is scarcely mentioned or the discussion is limited to a description of effects through the biophysical environment. The whole range of possible effects on health, including those mediated by socio-economic factors is often ignored, and no effective mechanism are in place to successfully incorporating health criteria and expertise into environmental, assessment(EA) that include ElA, SEA. These are foremost among the current issues facing EIA in Korea.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.234-241
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• 2013

The purpose of this research was to suggest a category and level of national examination for dietitian's license and provide basic data for the development of national examination question by analyzing the current states on the curriculum of national examination for the dietitian's license and correlation with the current states on curriculum and national examination for the dietitian's license. The higher the current states on curriculum, the lower absentee rate and failing rate of the national examination for the dietitian's license. The higher the current states on curriculum, the higher pass rate of the national examination for the dietitian's license. Also, the current states on curriculum were positive relationship with correct answer rates. The higher the educational system, the higher the current states on curriculum. The educational system was negative relationship with the current states on curriculum of 'public health', 'advanced nutrition', 'food science', 'principles of culinary', and 'food sanitary law (p<0.05)'. The correct answers rates of 'institutional foodservice' were significantly positive relationship with the current states on curriculum of 'institutional foodservice (p<0.01)', 'foodservice organization (p<0.01)', 'food sanitation (p<0.05)', and 'practice in foodservice institutions (p<0.01)'. The pass rate was significantly positive relationship with the correct answer rates of 'institutional foodservice (p<0.01)', 'physiology (p<0.01)', 'biochemistry (p<0.01)', 'food sanitary law (p<0.01)', 'food science and preparation (p<0.05)', 'nutrition education (p<0.01)', 'nutrition (p<0.01)', and 'total score (p<0.05)'.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제34권8호
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• pp.1210-1218
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• 2005

본 연구는 전주시 학교급식 조리종사자에 대한 위생교육 현황 및 실태를 파악하고자 시도되었다. 이를 위해 전주시 초$\cdot$중$\cdot$고 급식학교 88개교의 조리종사자 508명을 대상으로 2002년 11월 13일부터 11월 28일까지 설문조사를 실시하였으며, 수집된 자료는 SPSS 10.0을 이용하여 통계 처리하였다. 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 조리종사자의 연령층은 41세 $\∼$50세가 62.2$\%$로 많았고, 84.4$\%$가 임시직으로 근무하고 있었으며 학교급식 경력은 10년 미만이 33.7$\%$로 가장 높게 나타났다. 학력은 고등학교 졸업이 52.4$\%$로 가장 높았고 54.1$\%$가 조리사 자격증을 소지하고 있었다. 위생교육 경험은 84.0$\%$가 월1회 이상 교육을 받고 있었으며 82.8$\%$가 교육받은 내용을 작업 시 적용하는 것으로 조사되었다. 조리종사자의 위생지식평가 결과는 개인위생관리영역에서 정답율(91.1$\%$)이 가장 높았으나 생산단계별영역은 75.3%으로 가장 낮았다 조리종사자의 인적특성이 위생지식에 미치는 영향을 분석한 결과, 연령과 학력은 위생지식 전체영역에서 유의적인 차이가 있었으며(p<0.01),특히 생산단계별 위생영역에서 높은 점수를 나타내었다. 경력은 기기설비위생영역에서 유의적인 차이를 나타내었고(p<0.05), 5년 미만의 그룹이 높은 점수를 나타내었다. 또한 자격증 소지여부도 위생지식 전체영역에 유의적인 영향을 주었으며(p<0.05), 생산단계별위생영역에서 자격증을 소지한 집단이 유의적으로(p<0.01) 높은 점수를 나타내었다. 조리종사자 위생관리수행수준 평가결과 기기설비위생(4.90/5점 ), 식중독 및 미생물(4.86/5점), 개인위생(4.79/5점), 생산단계별위생(4.70/5점) 순으로 높게 평가되었다. 조리종사자의 인적특성이 위생관리 수행수준에 미치는 영향을 분석한 결과, 고용상태는 개인위생(p<0.05)에서 유의적인 차이를 나타냈으며 경력은 기기설비위생(p<0.05)에서 유의적인 차이를 보였다. 학력은 위생관리 수행수준의 생산단계별위생(p<0.05), 기기설비위생(p<0.01)등 위생관리 수행수준 전체영역에서 유의적인 차이를 나타냈다. 위생교육 횟수는 위생관리 수행수준의 생산단계별위생(P<0.01), 식중독 및 미생물(P<0.05) 및 위생관리 수행수준 전체영역(p<0.01)에서 유의적인 차이를 보였다. 근무학교별로 조리종사자의 위생지식과 위생관리 수행수준을 조사한 결과, 위생지식에 있어서는 중학교에 근무하는 조리 종사자가 개인위생에서 유의적으로 낮은 점수를 나타내었고(p<0.01), 생산단계별위생에서는 초등학교 조리종사자가 유의적으로 높은 점수를 나타내었다(p<0.01). 위생관리수행수준에 있어서는 개인위생(p<0.01)과 기기설비위생(p<0.01)에서 유의적인 차이가 있었으며, 초등학교 조리종사자의 기기설비위생 점수가 유의적으로 높은 점수를 나타내었다. 조리종사자의 위생지식 점수와 위생관리 수행수준의 상관관계를 조사한 결과, 위생지식의 기기설비위생은 위생관리 수행수준의 합계(p<0.01)에서 유의적인 상관관계(p<0.01)를 나타내었으며, 위생지식의 식중독 및 미생물은 위생관리 수행수준의 개인위생(p<0.01)과 유의적인 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다 위생지식의 점수합계는 개인위생(p<0.05)과 식중독 및 미생물(p<0.05)과 유의적인 상관관계가 있는 것으로 조사되었다. 조리종사자의 위생지식이 위생관리 수행수준간에 미치는 영향을 분석한 결과, 위생관리 수행수준의 합계가 위생지식의 기기설비위생과 유의적인 상관관계를 나타내었지만(p<0.001), 설명율은 2.4$\%$로 매우 낮아 거의 영향력이 없는 것으로 조사되었다. 이상의 연구결과에서 학교급식 조리종사자의 위생관리 수행수준을 향상시키기 위해서는 시행되고 있는 위생교육이 전체적인 위생습관의 변화를 수반하지 않고 지식의 전달에만 그치고 있으며 내용면에 있어서도 편중된 교육이 행해지고 있는 것으로 조사되었다. 따라서 조리종사자의 연령 및 교육수준, 근무경력 등을 고려한 실제적인 위생교육 내용을 구성할 필요성이 매우 높은 것으로 보인다. 특히 조리종사자의 위생지식 평가결과, 식중독 및 미생물 영역의 점수가 매우 낮아 위생지식 개념부족으로 인한 식중독 발생의 우려가 높으므로 이 부분에 대한 집중적인 교육 및 훈련이 지속적으로 필요하리라 생각된다.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.48-60
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• 2004

This study is aimed at examining the relationship between health behaviors practices and physical and psychological stresses of radiological technologists who are working at general hospitals across the country. For this purpose, a survey was conducted to 890 subjects by means of questionnaires from the middle of July to the end of August 2003, which resulted in the following outcomes: 1. From the technical and statistical analysis into the physical and psychological states, the item 'I feel miserable and dejected' scored the highest points of (3.91), implying that most subjects got heavily stressed, while the item 'Life is worth living' recorded (2.59), representing that only a few of them got less stressed. 2. With regard to an analysis of variance depending on their regular exercise, a significant difference appeared in 7 items(Pl, P2, P5, P6, P12, P17, and Pl8)(P<0.05). 3. Out of analysis into such variance as smoking, significant results were found in the items 'I become uncomfortable or disturbed at night' and 'I can solve my own problems'(P<0.05), while no significant difference was confirmed in other items regardless smoking. 4. From the T-test conducted to the independent sample depending on the drive under the influence, a significant difference was shown only in the item 'I feel very exhausted, even eating is a labo'( P<0.05). 5. The T-test with the independent sample of drinking coffee, the item 'I am satisfied with the method and the procedure of things I do' turned out to be significant( P<0.05) while no particular difference was confirmed in other items. In conclusion, it was revealed from the study that the physical and psychological states and health-related practices of radiological technologists seemed to be more affected by regular exercise than by smoking or drinking wine or coffee, a result confirming that the health-related acts are closely associated with the socio-psychological stresses. It is, therefore, strongly suggested that the practice of health-related acts to properly control stress will contribute to promoting health and pre venting disease of radiological technologists.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.87-99
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate the perception of foodservice managers in childcare centers and kindergartens for identifying the vulnerable areas of safety management. The foodservice managers in 1,144 of nationwide childcare centers and kindergartens were surveyed from May to October 2007 to answer a total 72 questions in areas of general characteristics, actual practice of foodservice management and safety management perception. Meals were served in 97.7% of surveyed facilities and 91.0% among them were self-operated. The hiring rate (27.8%) of dietitians in childcare centers was significantly lower than the rate (82.0%) of kindergartens. The needs of dietitian employment between childcare centers and kindergartens differed as 44.9% and 87.5%, respectively. In knowledge on food-borne illnesses, they have the wrong information in the field of season for frequent outbreak, major pathogens and foods causing food-borne illnesses. The food-borne illnesses (36.2%) were indicated as the major problem in foodservice facilities and the degree of risk exposure was considered as safe (70.1%). More than 70% of both facilities answered as sanitary in the status of personal hygiene. Only 38.0% recognized the Facility and Equipment Standard in the Childcare Law and Early Childhood Education Law. In preparation of meals and management of cooking processes, kindergarten scored significantly high compared to childcare centers (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01) while the necessity of standards was not different in both facilities. Among managers surveyed, 28.8% had taken food safety education from professional institutions and more than 80% in both facilities indicated the need of professional educations. These results suggest that it is necessary for the systematic sanitary education of foodservice managers by developing the sanitary management standard as well as the amendment of laws related foodservice in childcare centers and kindergartens.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.234-242
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• 2001

This study was aimed at development of a nutrition education program, which was designed for children, their parents and personnel in preschool nursery facilities and carried out by dieticians. The program was conducted at 6 preschool nursery facilities for 3 months from July to September 1998. Four-hundred thirty-three children aged 2 to 7 years were engaged in the program. Children in each class were given nutrition education practice once a week by dieticians using education materials and a guide book based on a 12-week program. The themes of nutrition education for children consisted of 'knowledge of food sources and foods', 'relations between food and health', 'other roles of food', 'right eating habit', and 'cooking practice'. Each of five leaflets on nutrition education for parents was delivered eery three weeks in a series and leaflets were posted on a bulletin board. Nursery school teachers were educated by their participation in the class with dieticians using education materials. Evaluation of nutrition education by children, parents and personnel was carried out by interviewing and using questionnaires before and after the program. Children responded more positively more positively on their eating behavior and sanitary behaviors after nutrition education. Parents'opinions on the nutrition education program were positive : 72.3 described the nutrition education program as 'very good'and 'good'. In addition, 71.3% answered that the education materials for parents were helpful. A majority(93.8%) of personnel in facilities evaluated the nutrition education program effective. Nursery personnel evaluated the importance of general nutrition knowledge, childhood nutrition, and obesity control for nutrition management and nutrition education more highly after nutrition education. This study indicates that nutrition management and nutrition education programs for preschool nursery facilities are necessary and they would be effective when implemented by dieticians.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.1093-1096
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• 2012

Background: Cervical cancer is common among women worldwide. A multitude of risk factors aggravate the disease. This study was conducted to: (1) determine the prevalence and (2) make a comparative analysis of the socio-demographic and behavioural risk factors of cervical cancer and knowledge, attitude and practice between rural and urban women of North Bengal, India. Study Design: Community-based cross-sectional study. Methods: A survey (first in North Bengal) was conducted among 133 women in a rural area (Kawakhali) and 88 women in an urban slum (Shaktigarh) using predesigned semi-structured questionnaires. The respondents were informed of the causes (including HPV), signs and symptoms, prevention of cervical cancer and treatment, and the procedure of the PAP test and HPV vaccination. Results: The prevalence of risk factors like multiparity, early age of marriage, use of cloth during menstruation, use of condom and OCP, early age of first intercourse was 37.2%, 82%, 83.3%, 5.4%, 15.8% and 65.6% respectively. Awareness about the cause, signs and symptoms, prevention of cervical cancer, PAP test and HPV vaccination was 3.6%, 6.3%, 3.6%, 9.5% and 14.5% respectively. Chi-square testing revealed that in the study population, significant differential at 5% exists between rural and urban residents with respect to number of children, use of cloth/sanitary napkins, family history of cancer and awareness regarding causes of cervical cancer. Regarding KAP, again using chi-square tests, surprisingly, level of education is found to be significant for each element of KAP in urban areas in contrast to complete absence of association between education and elements of KAP in rural areas. Conclusions: A large number of risk factors were present in both areas, the prevalence being higher in the rural areas. The level of awareness and role of education appears to be insignificant determinants in rural compared to urban areas. This pilot study needs to be followed up by large scale programmes to re-orient awareness campaigns, especially in rural areas.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.573-586
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• 2016

The present study was conducted on 200 food handlers employed at restaurants with open-kitchens in Seoul to evaluate their food sanitation knowledge levels and practices. A majority of participants (88%) replied that open-kitchens are more hygienic than common kitchens due to the sanitary cooking process. The correct answer rate was 94.3% for sanitation of instruments and utensils and environmental sanitation, whereas food handling sanitation (66.8%) was ranked at the bottom among food sanitation knowledge. Total scores of food sanitation knowledge were significantly influenced by education level and ages of food handlers (p<0.001). Personal hygiene knowledge level of food handlers regarding institutional food service was higher than that of food handlers at restaurants and bakeries (p<0.001). Food sanitation practices scores showed significant differences in personal hygiene (p<0.001) and environmental sanitation (p<0.05) according to certificate possession. As the result of correlation analysis between food sanitation knowledge and practices, there was no significantly positive correlation, whereas a significant positive correlation was observed between knowledge of food handling and personal hygiene practices (p<0.05). The results show need for improvement in both knowledge and practice levels of open-kitchen food handlers. Consistent and customized food sanitation education program should be developed to protect against food poisoning at open-kitchen restaurants.