• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.103-113
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• 2005

Sanitary codes of retail ffod establishment of Korea, Japan, China, and America were reviewed in order to figure out the differences of the codes. The codes of Korea & Japan are similar in many aspects. The code of America regulates food safety procedures in detail and are easy to interpret. The code of China is broad and not specific in the procedures. Korean code deals with many administration affairs and Japanese code deals with food test and business. Chinese code also deals with administration and standards. American code defines 90 different terms while the codes of rest of the countries define only few terms. For sanitization American code specifies the procedures in specific terms in detail but others do not specify the procedures. For facilities, the American code specifies location, material and procedures but other codes also specify the material but the contents of the codes are not so much specific to compare with American code.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.57-62
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• 2002

Carbon cast iron and Zinc coated steel were the most widely used portable water of supply and distribution Pipeline system. The leaching of red water in portable water could produce sericus environmental sanitary problems. Due to the red water was the most alternative to inner scale of metal pipeline. So this study was conducted the impact of red water on scale products, and was evaluated by the corrosive metal contaminants of 20 fears over. Surface tests, metal surface composition measurements of samples XRF, XRD, and SEM(EDS), analysis were used to investigate the corrosion characteristies of carbon cast iron and Zinc coated steel. As the contaminants of Fe increased the red water of carbon castiron pipe increased due to the scale products amount of $Fe_2O_3$ (Hemite).

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.13-21
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• 2008

With the rise in membrane applications, residuals management has become a growing challenge for membrane system. The primary residuals of MF/UF (microfiltration/ultrafiltration) system results from the wastes generated during backwashing. Many regulatory agencies, utilities, and water process engineers are unfamiliar with the characteristics and methods for treatment and disposal of membrane residuals. Therefore, this study was performed to investigate the backwash residuals water quality from the pressurized system with and without pre-coagulation, and to suggest approaches for the backwash residuals treatment. Pressurized MF system was installed at Guui water intake pumping station and operated with raw water taken from the Han River. We compared performances with and without the recycling backwash residuals at flux conditions, 50 LMH and 90 LMH with and without pre-treatment (coagulation). Based on the results, recycling of backwash residuals in pressurized system with pre-coagulation showed applicability of backwash residuals managements. Moreover, the recovery rate also increased up to over 99%.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.13-17
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• 1977

We isolated lactobacillus phage hosting L. casei strains, and examined distribution of the phages and resistance to the sanitary reagent treatment in drainages fo Korea plant. 1) There were Type 1, 11, 111, and 1v of the phage J$_1$in plantdrainages and the order of distribution was Type 1v>Type 11>Type 1>$^1$Type 111. 2) All the phages in plantdrainages were completely removed by spreading the invert soap. 3) Sodium hypochloride, invert soap and dresol were most effective sanitary reagents, and isopropyl alcohol and ethyl alcohol were sanitary reagents.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2013.11a
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• pp.170-172
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• 2013

To be applied to a humid environment such as bathroom and kitchen, sealant should have good adhesion, tensile strength, etc., it also have the resistance to fungal contamination from the environment. It is important to select right material for sanitary sealing application in order to prevent premature discoloration and fungal activities. Especially for high humidity conditions, it is crucial to have longer mildew and fungal resistance. In this article, we intended to give guide lines for developing right sanitary sealing material and practical test method for evaluating anti-fungal performances reflecting Korean residential life style.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.18
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• pp.3-8
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• 1999

In accordance with the growing up to a fine-built national physique on national economic rapid growth, It should be made a partial amendment on the Installation planing of sanitary ware. If users who regard have no problem as using facilities in a unisex toilet, It'll be not only falling down the separation of toilet booth with substantial sanitary problems step by step as follow. 1. The urinal should be pay due regard to such a shape which intercepts stream before the point of dispersion and variations in splash effects according to angles between stream and contact urinal surface with deferent of age and health of users 2. Urinal should be fit for the perineum height of male and so It could be install differently according to the Anatomical Percentile of users.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.166-169
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• 2005

The magnetic polishing is the useful method to finish using magnetic power of magnet. This method is one of precision polishing techniques and has an aim of the clean. technology using for the pure of gas and inside of the sanitary pipe for transportation. The magnetic abrasive polishing method is not so common for machine that it is not spreaded widely. There are rarely researcher in this field because of non-effectiveness of magnetic abrasive. In this paper. We could have investigated into the changes of the movement of magnetic abrasive grain. In reference to this result, we could have made the experiment which is set under the condition of the magnetic flux density, polishing velocity according to the form of magnetic brush.

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• 1994.06a
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• pp.668-673
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• 1994

The paper presents a simple method for calculating the sound exposure level (LAE) of helicopter noise. It is assumed that a helicopter is a nondirective point source and that A-weighted sound pressure level at an observation point can be expressed by an A-weighted power level and a simple function of the distance from the helicopter. We derived a formula for LAE by integrating the sound energy along a finite or an infinite flight segment. The values calculated form the formula agree well with the results of test flights in which three types of helicopters each were operated in three moving modes of approach, takeoff and level flyover.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.248-259
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• 2021

BACKGROUND: Contaminated water was a major source of food-borne pathogens in various recent fresh produce-related outbreaks. This study was conducted to investigate the microbial contamination level and correlations between the level of sanitary indicator bacteria and the detection ratio of pathogens in agricultural water by logistic regression analysis. METHODS AND RESULTS: Agricultural water was collected from 457 sites including surface water (n=300 sites) and groundwater (n=157 sites) in South Korea from 2018 to 2020. Sanitary indicator bacteria (total coliform, fecal coliform, and Escherichia coli) and food-borne pathogens (pathogenic E. coli, E. coli O157:H7, Salmonella spp., and Listeria monocytogenes) were analyzed. In surface water, the coliform, fecal coliform, and E. coli were 3.27±0.89 log CFU/100 mL, 1.90±1.19 log CFU/100 mL, and 1.39±1.26 log CFU/100 mL, respectively. For groundwater, three kinds of sanitary indicators ranged in the level from 0.09 - 0.57 log CFU/100 mL. Pathogenic E. coli, Salmonella and Listeria monocytogenes were detected from 3%-site, 1.5%- site, and 0.6%-site water samples, respectively. According to the results of correlations between the level of sanitary indicator bacteria and the detection ratio of pathogens by logistic regression analysis, the probability of pathogen detection increased individually by 1.45 and 1.34 times as each total coliform and E. coli concentration increased by 1 log CFU/100mL. The accuracy of the model was 70.4%, and sensitivity and specificity were 81.5% and 51.7%, respectively. CONCLUSION(S): The results indicate the need to manage the microbial risk of agricultural water to enhance the safety of fresh produce. In addition, logistic regression analysis is useful to analyze the correlation between the level of sanitary indicator bacteria and the detection ratio of pathogens in agricultural water.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.401-407
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• 2023

This study is a descriptive study to identify the patterns of use of menstrual sanitary products among community women of childbearing age. The participants were 1,571 women between the ages of 19 and 40, and data collection was conducted through online and mobile surveys from September 2020 to August 2021. As a result, 88.9% of the participants were using disposable menstrual pad, 5.6% tampons, 3.1% cloth menstrual pad, and followed by others(2.4%), including menstrual cups. The differences of type of menstrual sanitary products according to general characteristics showed significant in age(p=.006), marital status(p=.005), education level(p=.002), annual salary(p=.018), experience of pregnancy(p=.036), and menstrual regularity(p=.022). More than half of the participants(53.8%) responded that cloth menstrual pads were 'very safe' or 'safe,' but 27.9% and 20.1% of disposable menstrual pads and tampons, respectively. The difference in menstrual distress according to the type of menstrual sanitary products showed that tampon users had a higher menstrual discomfort score for the most recent menstruation(F=4.092, p=.017) and 4 days before menstruation(F=4.178, p=.016) than users of disposable menstrual pad or cloth menstrual pad. Therefore, it is necessary to continuously investigate the use of menstrual sanitary products by women of childbearing age and its relationship with reproductive health.