• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.171-175
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• 1997

The stability of ondansetron and fluconazole in 5% dextrose injection and normal saline during simulated Y-site injection at room temperature was studied. Ondansetron 0.03, 0.1 and 0.3 mg/ml were admixed 1:1 with fluconazole 2 mg/ml. The solutions were stored at room temperature and samples were retrieved at time 0, 1, 2, 4 and 12 hr for immediate assay. At the time of the assay and before any dilution, each sample was visually inspected for clarity, color, precipitation, and the pH was determined. Drug concentrations were measured by a stability-indicating high performance liquid chromatograph. Ondansetron 0.03, 0.1 and 0.3 mg/ml were stable when mixed with concentration of fluconazole 2 mg/ml. There were no change in clarity and color and no precipitates in any admixture for 12 hr of inspection. The pH measurements did not have a particular trend in any direction over time.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.325-338
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• 1993

This study was conducted to evaluate the methods used in nursing procedures for infection control. Skilled nursing procedures are related to prevention of hospital infection. The sample consisted of 301 nurses’ response to the questionnaire. Data were collected from Feb. to March, 1993 from 35 hospitals located in five major cities. The findings of the study are as follows : 1) Rotatively unsafe nursing procedures were reported for preperation of IV therapy, change of IV site and aseptic dressing on IV site, hand wash-ing and use of paper towels, use of sterile urine bottle with indwelling urinary catheter, management of dressing cart, disinfection of transfer forcep, ambu respirator, laryngoscope, humidifier and handling of incubator. 2) Relatively safe nursing procedures were reported for management of suction tube, marking for contaminated materials and waste collection. The rate of participation in education programs for infection control by the nurses was higher than in other research results. 3) Further study on procedures for IV site in-fusion and care of dressing cart are recommended.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2002년도 ITC-CSCC -3
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• pp.1893-1896
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• 2002

Remediation Selection Expert System (RSES) is a rule-based expert system which is used far the selection of remediation techniques fur petroleum contaminated sites. In this paper, we describe a fuzzy logic-based sub-system: Site Characterization Sub-System (SCSS). It is an enhancement of the RSES, which is used to analyze the hydraulic properties of contaminated sites. This paper focuses on an explanation on how to apply fuzzy set theory for identification of soil types and hydraulic properties of a contaminated site. To illustrate application of fuzzy set theory to the problem, two sample cases are presented in detail.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2000년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.258-261
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• 2000

Geophysical surveys (electrical resistivity, self-potential, and magnetic methods) and streamwater sample analysis have been carried out at a site of tailings of waste deposits in an abandoned mine, Jangpoong, which is situated in Kowesan-Gun, Chungbuk-Do. The research was aimed at investigating the suitability of the various geophysical methods for detection of AMD (acid mine drainage) paths, and ultimately mapping of preferred AMD flow channels by incorporating the water sample analysis. Electrical resistivity section from the dipole-dipole line represents the low-resistivity zone trending northwest toward the stream nearby. The positions of the resistivity anomalies for AMD channels are well correlated to the ones from the various geophysical surveys. In addition they correspond to the sites of the higher peaks for the pH, EC, heavy metal content for the water sample data.

• 헤리티지:역사와 과학
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.24-41
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• 2014

손곡2리 4호 가마터 출토 청자는 원주 법천사지와 근거리에 위치하고 있어 법천사지 출토 청자와의 유사성이 제기되고 있으며, 따라서 자연과학적 방법을 통해 상관성을 알아보고자 하였다. 총 19개 대상 청자에 대한 도자사적 성격을 알아보고, 과학적 분석을 진행하였다. 먼저, 과학적 분석결과 분석대상 청자 태토의 화학조성은 $RO_2$ 3.79-7.77mole, $RO+R_2O$ 0.33-0.49mole 영역에서 분산된 분포를 나타낸다. 미세구조 확인결과 실생활에 사용되었을 것으로 추정되는 원주 법천사지 출토 청자는 대부분 자화 상태가 양호하며, 손곡2리 4호 가마터 수습 청자 중에는 시유와 소성이 제대로 이루어지지 않은 청자가 일부 확인되었다. 태토의 결정상 분석결과 quartz와 mullite가 검출되었으며, 손곡2리 4호 가마터 수습 청자 중 일부에서는 corundum이 검출되었다. 분석대상 청자 대부분은 $1150{\sim}1200^{\circ}C$에서 소성되었으며, 일부 $1100^{\circ}C$ 이하 온도에서 소성된 청자와 $1200^{\circ}C$ 이상 고온에서 소성된 청자도 확인된다. 분석 결과 법천사지와 손곡2리 4호가마터 청자 태토에서 다양한 화학조성 및 제작기법이 확인되었으며, 손곡2리 4호 가마터 청자가 법천사지에서 사용된 청자의 생산가마터라고 단언하기 어렵다. 다만, 희토류 원소 분석에서는 법천사지와 손곡2리 4호 가마터 수습 일부 청자에서 일정한 규칙성을 갖는 분포 패턴을 나타내어 도자기 제작에 사용된 원료가 동일기원일 가능성을 제시한다. 도자사적으로 살펴보면, 법천사지 출토 청자와 손곡2리 4호 가마터 수습청자는 성형방법과 번조방법에서 동일한 제작기법으로 확인된다. 또한 전반적인 청자의 기형과 문양의 양상으로 봤을 때, 12~13세기에 제작된 것으로 보인다.

• 환경생물
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.265-273
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• 2011

Bacterial diversity based on the denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene sequences was determined for soil samples from two abandoned mine sites and the corresponding enrichment cultures using soil sample as key inoculum. Sequencing analysis of DGGE bands obtained from both the soil samples matched mostly with sequences of uncultured and newly described organisms, or organisms recently associated with the acid mine drainage environment. However, the enrichment of soil samples in ferrous sulfate and elemental sulfur media yielded sequences that were consistent with well-known iron- and sulfur-oxidizing acidophilic bacteria. Analysis of enrichment cultures of soil samples from Dalsung mine revealed abundant ${\gamma}$-$Proteobacteria$, whereas that of Gubong mine sample displayed acidophilic groups of ${\gamma}$-$Proteobacteria$, ${\alpha}$-$Proteobacteria$, $Actinobacteria$ and $Firmicutes$. Chemical elemental analysis of the mine samples indicated that the Dalsung site contained more iron and sulfate along with other toxic components as compared with those of the Gubong site. Biogeochemistry was believed to be the primary control on the acidophilic bacterial group in the enrichment samples.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제6권5호
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• pp.513-520
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• 1997

This study was performed to investigate the riverbed structure and the pollution type in Nakdong River, Western Nakdong River. and Suyoung Stream. Sediment and water samples were collected at is in Nakdong River. in Western Nakdong River, and 8 states In Suyoung Stream from February 20, 1997 to June 15, 1997. The depth distributions of sampling sites in the three streams were measured and heavy metals(Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu) and pesticides in sediments and COD, BOD, and total nitrogen(T-N) in water samples were analysed. The deepest and the shallowest sites were strate 11(11.58m) and 9(3.35m) in Nakdong River, site 7(6.25m) and 4(2.06m) in Western Nakdong River, and site 8(2.89m) and 1(0. 61m) in Suyoung Stream , respectively. The mean concentration of Cd(45.79ppm) was higher In the sediment of Western Nakdong River than In other two streams and those of Pb(76.25ppm), Cr(48.13ppm), and Cu(77.50ppm) were higher in file sediment of Suyoung Stream than in other two streams. Pesticides(1 kind of organophosphorus and 3 kinds of organochlorine pesticide) were detected only in the sediment of Western Nakdong River. The mean concentrations of COD(20.26ppm), BOD(25.36ppm), and T-N(18.05ppm) were higher in the water sample of Suyoung Stream than In other two streams.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.70-75
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• 1997

A wide range (10 < Si/V) of mesoporous vanadium silicate molecular sieves with the MCM-41 structure have been synthesized using vanadyl sulfate as the source of vanadium and characterized by XRD, 51V MAS NMR and 29Si MAS NMR. The increase of the unit cell parameter and the decrease of Q3/Q4 ratio of 29Si spectra with the vanadium content suggest the incorporation of vanadium in the framework of MCM-41 structure. 51V MAS NMR demonstrates that vanadiums in as-synthesized V-MCM-41 are present in the chemical environment of octahedra and octahedral vanadium is decreased and tetrahedral vanadium is increased inversely with raising the calcination temperature. Though the thermal treatment in rotor of hydrated sample resulted in the change from tetrahedral environment to octahedral one and the steaming and the acid treatment affect to the chemical environment of vanadium, the spectrum similar to originally calcined sample is regenerated after recalcination. This indicates that the vanadium is belong to the framework in a relatively exposed site. The best quality XRD pattern of the product of Si/V=27 may be attributable to heterogeneous nucleation mechanism. V-MCM-41's having the Si/V ratio lower than 20 are completely collapsed after calcination.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.927-933
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• 2021

People have lived with and used animals for various purposes since the Paleolithic age. Therefore, animal bone research is interesting because it can infer the status of use, determine species, and ascertain the uses of animals that lived at the time. An analysis of ancient DNA was attempted to identify the species of ancient animal bones excavated from an archaeological site. Twelve animal bones from the Geumgwan Gaya period, excavated in Bonghwang-dong, Gimhae, were used in this study. After extracting DNA from the sample, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) gene amplification was performed. Species-specific primers of livestock groups such as pig, cattle, and deer were selected and used. This livestock group was a major source of protein for people who lived on the Korean Peninsula at that time. As a result, 11 sample species were identified. This study is contributes to the restoration of past life information by applying biological technologies to archaeological sites. It is also expected that such analyses of biological remains will ultimately be used to restore historical and cultural information.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.158-166
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• 2004

자연생태계의 보전을 위한 지역구분을 위하여 백두대간(남덕유산-소사고개) 구간을 조사한 식생조사 자료를 바탕으로 식생의 보전가치를 식생지수라는 것으로 수치화 하는 방법을 제시해 보고자 한다. 식생지수는 생물다양성, 임분의 보전가치, 환경의 청정성, 임분의 역사성, 입지의 생산성 등을 바탕으로 수치화 하였다. 식생지수는 백두대간 관리범위 설정에 이용될 수 있을 것이라 사료된다. 식생지수 I의 경우 총 66개의 조사지 중에서 8개 지역 12.1%가 핵심지역에 속하고, 21개 지역 31.8%, 37개 지역 56.1%가 각각 완충지역과 전이지역에 속하는 것으로 나타났다. 식생지수II의 경우 28개 지역 41.9%가 핵심지역에 속하고, 19개 지역 28.8%, 19개 지역 28.8%가 각각 완충지역과 전이지역에 속하는 것으로 나타났다.