• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.41 no.11
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• pp.21-33
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• 2003

According as the importance of brand value has increased, it's so significant that we analysis brand loyalty and buying-behavior types in the side of various consumption. Also, it will make it for us to presuppose consumer's buying-behaviors in modem society. As an analytical result of consumer's buying-behavior type, they were divided into four type; price value consciousness type, sale orientation type, price-quality schema type, convenience type. As a result of cluster analysis and one-way ANOVA on the three type of consumer's buying-behavior : Price-orientation type, high quality orientation, convience orientation. And it was found that there was relation between buying-behavior types and brand loyalty. Specially, it was high positive relationship between high quality orientation and brand loyalty, convience orientation and brand loyalty.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.193-197
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• 2021

Customers are increasingly attracted towards different e-commerce websites and applications for the purchase of products significantly. This is the reason the sellers are moving to different internet based services to sell their products online. The growth of customers in this sector has resulted in the use of big data analytics to understand customers' behavior in predicting the demand of items. It uses a complex process of examining large amount of data to uncover hidden patterns in the information. It is established on the basis of finding correlation between various parameters that are recorded, understanding purchase patterns and applying statistical measures on collected data. This paper is a document of the bottom-up strategy used to manage the selling price of a first-time product for maximizing profit while selling it online. It summarizes how existing customers' expectations can be used to increase the sale of product and attract the attention of the new customer for buying the new product.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.61-73
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• 2021

PAV is considered to improve quality of life and standards of living, improvement of which was caused by automobile hundred years ago. Comparative economic efficiency of PAVs is measured to compare each PAV. Specification and sales price of the PAVs are open to the public. BlackFly, Transition and Aeromobil 3.0 have competitive power in flying range, purchasing cost, and operational cost. Lift & cruise configuration and vectored thrust configuration PAVs are designed by many companies nowadays, and BlackFly which can be considered to be lift & cruise configuration is one of the most efficient PAVs. High battery price does not help multi-copter shaped PAVs to have economic efficiency. Aerodynamic wing, eVTOL, and low sale price are needed for PAVs to ride a wave of public interest as a new personal mobility. Under the conditions, the PAV can fly at downtown and can be purchased by people at large. Popularization of PAV could follow in the 100 years old footsteps of automobile.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.427-434
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• 2022

The purpose of this study was to analyze whether the disposition effect, a behavioral finance theory, exists in decision-making for ship investment. A case study was adopted as the research methodology, and data obtained through narrative and questionnaire responses on decision-making for ship sales were analyzed from a behavioral finance perspective. The analysis found that the disposition effect had an impact on the decision to sell a vessel. The narrative responses revealed that some shipping companies tended to miss the opportunity to maximize ship sale profit because they sold their vessels readily and quickly before the price of the vessels had risen sufficiently. The questionnaire survey results indicated that the majority of the survey respondents chose to sell a ship whose price had risen slightly from the initial purchase price. Managers in charge of ship investment should examine whether the disposition effect exists in their decision-making when selling a ship.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.37-50
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• 2011

This study analyzed the content of special selling events in internet shopping malls to establish academic standards for special selling events as tools for sales promotions and to suggest systematic guidelines for marketers designing special selling events. Based on a content analysis, the titles of special selling events from four internet shopping malls selling women's apparel were analyzed. A total of 692 titles were analyzed. The results are as follow. First, the contents categories of special selling events could be classified into two groups such as 'theme' and 'tool'. Season, product characteristics, style, advice/information, brand, annual/social events, and marketing events were the main content categories that came under the 'theme' group; in addition, the price benefit, free offers, product mix, and marketing technique were the main content categories that came under the 'tool' group. Each main content category was subdivided into several segment content categories. Second, most of the titles were composed of more than two segment content categories that involved various information and benefits; however, the portion of titles composed of only theme related content categories or only tool related content categories was substantial. Furthermore, the theme related content categories were more than the tool related content categories. Third, the usage frequencies of the contents categories were analyzed. The upcoming season, single brand, sale/discount, item/material/color, special price/lowest price, and period/time/quantity limits were the segment content categories that held a high rank. Forth, most of the factors that evoked the unplanned purchases of consumers were related to the content categories of special sale events.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.5
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• pp.7-44
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• 1993

This study is focused on the review of buyer's remedy resulting from the breach of seller's duty in contracts for the international sale of goods focusing on UNCCIS, 1980 and the problems and suggestions of proper ideas for solving the problems. First problem on the buyer's remedy is related to the breach of seller's duty on del ivory of the contracted goods. When seller has failed to deliver the contracted goods to buyer within the stipulated periods, buyer can treat the contract as avoided and claim damages from seller. By the way, since UNCCIS does not provide any stipulation on the time of buyer's avoidance of the contract, buyer can delay the time of avoidance when the price of contracted goods is rising rapidly and enlarge the amount of damages, Since this stipulation is clearly unreasonable, proper solutions are required for UNCCIS. Second problem is related to the breach of seller's duty on deliver of goods which are of the quantity, quality and description required by the contract and which are contained or packged in the manner required by the contract. When seller has failed to deliver goods which are confirm with the contract, buyer may have one of the two rights of damages and the price reduction according to UNCCIS provided that he does not choose the avoidance. But, since the character and position of the price reduction as a buyer's remedy are not sufficient solutions, more detailed review on this point is required. Third, Seller's duty to provide documents is very important for overseas trade, but UNCCIS does not provide any specific buyer's remedy in comparison with the other remedy and also does not provide any stipulation on the Letter of Credit which have important roles for a device of setting payment in overseas trade. This means that trade customs and practice have not sufficiently reflected in UNCCIS. As the problems mentioned above may decrease the evaluation of buyer's remedy in UNCCIS and, furthermore, that of UNCCIS itself, proper solutions on these points are needed.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.53
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• pp.49-74
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• 2012

This study primarily concerns the seller's right to require performance under the United Nations Convention on International Sale of Goods(1980) (here-in-after the CISG). By virtue of art. 62 of the CISG, the seller may require to pay the purchase price, take delivery or perform his other obligations. The right is known as a process whereby the aggrieved seller obtains as nearly as possible the actual subject-matter of his bargain, as opposed to compensation in money for failing to obtain it. The study describes and analyzes the provisions of the CISG as to the seller's right to require performance, focusing on the questions of what the seller can require the buyer to perform, and what the restrictions of his right to require performance are. It particularly deals with main controversial issues among scholars as to whether art. 28 of the CISG is applied to the seller's action for the price and so that it opens the door domestic traditions and national preconditions that prevent judges and enforcement authorities in some contracting states, and whether the seller's to require performance is subject to the duty to mitigate loss within the meaning of art. 77 of the CISG. On the basis of the analysis, the study puts forward the author's arguments criticizing various the existing scholars' views. In addition, this study provides legal and practical advice to the contracting parties when it is expected that the CISG is applicable as the governing law.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.34 no.7
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• pp.3-12
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• 2018

The present remodeling makes almost no difference from rebuilding as all the building materials are removed remaining frame structure only. And, in case of vertical extension of building, higher construction cost and safety problem occur. The Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs, therefore, recommends customized remodeling that can be made in light of the resident' needs such as parking lot, elevator, bathroom, and room for the alternative of remodeling of vertical extension of building. The purpose of this study is to present real data that can be referred to the constructor's decision making before starting the remodeling, by investigating and analyzing the weight and importance between evaluation factors for customized remodeling at the completed time of remodeling. Accordingly, the factors were divided into environmental factor, social factor, and economical factor, and the survey was performed for the residents living in remodeling houses. In addition, for the professionals, AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) has been carried out for the priority in the customized remodeling. For environmental factor, the level of importance made difference from that before remodeling, except parking level. For social factor, every item, including psychological satisfaction and community satisfaction, made difference. For economical factor, the recognition level of importance in rent made difference, except sale price of the factor for price satisfaction. In case of the factor for cost satisfaction, it was checked that construction cost and administration cost both could be considered important. As a result of AHP, the most importantly emphasized item was construction cost, and sale price, administration cost, residence structure, and parking lot were followed by priority in order. This study could contribute to reliably settle down customized remodeling by giving reasonable and substantial help from the analysis of the differences in the customized remodeling items before/after the remodeling.

• Korean Management Science Review
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.33-56
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• 2012

Domestic LCD TV market is composed of two groups of products produced by major firms and small and medium enterprises. The major companies make the price relatively high, but the other makes lower in the same sizes. The model of the low price products does not make consumers choice when they choose LCD TV. This makes the questions of capability between difference price products. The reason above mentioned, the firms that include group of comparatively lower price, are worried about not increasing sale because of prejudice. This study is to find any interrelationship and evaluate the efficiency between the products using performance, exterior and brand power of product. In order to do this, a hybrid AHP/DEA evaluation model for comparison/valuation of LCD TV products is developed. The proposed process is; first, to derive hierarchy structure of LCD TV evaluation criteria using axiomatic design, second, to calculate the score of each LCD TV product through AHP analysis including weight calculation of evaluation criteria, and last, to evaluate the efficiency of LCD TV product by applying DEA by defining product scores as output and prices as input. It concludes that the high price products shows good efficiency, but there are some products with good exterior and brand power, not performance, also presenting good efficiency.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2012

It is well known that internet shoppers are very sensitive to sale prices. They visit the various shopping malls and collect the product information including purchase conditions for goods purchase decision-making. Recently the necessity of information support is increasing because of increase of information amount which is necessary and complexity of goods purchase decision-making process. The comparison shopping agent systems have provided price comparison information which is collected from various shopping malls to satisfy internet shoppers information craving. But the frequent price change caused by keen price competition is becoming the primary reason of information quality decline among price comparison sites. RSS which is a family of web feed formats used to publish frequently updated is applied even in on-line shopping malls. This paper develops a RSS product information collection system to get real-time product information. The proposed product information system consists of (1) web crawler module for searching RSS feed shopping malls automatically, (2) RSS reader module for parsing product information from RSS feed file, (3) product DB and (4) product searching module. Performance of the proposed system is higher than the comparison shopping agent systems when it is defined with the volume of collecting product information per unit time.