• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.10-19
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• 2021

Background: Traditional safety concept, which is called Safety-I, and its relevant methods and models have much contributed toward enhancing the safety of industrial systems. However, they have proved insufficient to be applied to complex socio-technical systems. As an alternative, Safety-II and resilience engineering have emerged and gained much attention for the last two decades. However, it seems that safety professionals have still difficulty understanding their fundamental concepts and methods. Accordingly, it is necessary to offer an introductory guide to them that helps safety professionals grasp them correctly in consideration of their current practices. Methods: This article firstly explains the limitations of Safety-I and how Safety-II can resolve them from the four points of view. Next, the core concepts of resilience engineering and Functional Resonance Analysis Method are described. Results: Workers' performance adjustment and performance variability due to it should be the basis for understanding human-related accidents in socio-technical systems. It should be acknowledged that successful and failed work performance have the same causes. However, they are not well considered in the traditional safety concept; in contrast, Safety-II and resilience engineering have conceptual bases and practical approaches to reflect them systematically. Conclusion: It is necessary to move from a find-and-fix and reactive approach to a proactive approach to safety management. Safety-II and resilience engineering give a set of useful concepts and methods for proactive safety management. However, if necessary, Safety-I methods need to be properly used for situations where they can still be useful as well.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제51권7호
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• pp.1715-1720
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• 2019

Jozef Stefan Institute (JSI), TRIGA Mark II reactor employs the homogeneous mixture of uranium and zirconium hydride fuel type. Since its upgrade, a series of fresh fuel steady state experimental benchmarks have been conducted. The benchmark results have provided data for testing computational neutronics codes which are important for reactor design and safety analysis. In this work, we investigated the JSI TRIGA Mark II reactor neutronics characteristics: the effective multiplication factor and two safety parameters, namely the control rod worth and the fuel temperature reactivity coefficient using SuperMC. The modeling and real-time cross section generation methods of SuperMC were evaluated in the investigation. The calculation analysis indicated the following: the effective multiplication factor was influenced by the different cross section data libraries; the control rod worth evaluation was better with Monte Carlo codes; the experimental fuel temperature reactivity coefficient was smaller than calculated results due to change in water temperature. All the results were in good agreement with the experimental values. Hence, SuperMC could be used for the designing and benchmarking of other TRIGA Mark II reactors.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.563-571
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• 2019

본 연구의 목적은 2015 개정 과학과 교육과정에 의해 개발된 고등학교 과학에 해당되는 10개 과목의 교과서에 제시된 안전 관련 내용을 분석하는 것이다. 이를 위하여 통합과학, 과학탐구실험과 물리학 I, II, 화학 I, II, 생명과학 I, II, 지구과학 I, II의 63종 교과서의 탐구 활동 중에서 교육과정에 제시된 탐구 활동과 부록에서 안전과 관련된 내용을 추출하여, 이를 안전교육 7대 표준안을 근거로 한 6개의 안전요소로 분석하였다. 주요 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 교육과정 탐구 활동 176개 중 안전 관련 내용이 최소한 1개 이상의 교과서에서 제시된 탐구 활동은 81개(46.0%)였고, 화학 교과서에서 많이 제시되었고, 과학탐구실험에 적게 제시되었다. 둘째, 안전내용은 '실험실 안전수칙'에 대한 내용이 가장 많았으며, 그 다음으로 안전기호, 보호장구 사용 등의 순이었다. 셋째, 부록에 제시된 안전내용은 주로 실험실 안전수칙과 사고대처요령을 중심으로 기술되어 있었다. 연구 결과를 바탕으로, 교과서 별로 안전 관련 내용의 기술에 차이가 큰 문제점, 안전 관련 내용이 구체적이지 않아 교육 효과가 떨어진다는 문제점, 안전 기호의 표준화가 되어 있지 않다는 문제점을 제시하였고, 이를 바탕으로 교과서 안전 관련 내용의 개선 방안을 논의하였다.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.18-21
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• 2005

These observations were performed to investigate the safety of the natural herbs (Rhus-II) in respect of genotoxicity. This substance was examined in two in-vitro tests: (1) Salmonella typhimurium reversion assay (Ames test) in strain TA 98, TA 100, TA 1535 and TA 1537, (2) in vitro chromosome aberration test in cultured Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. In the reverse mutation test, Rhus-II did not induced mutagenicity in Salmonella typhimurium reversion assay(Ames test) with or without metabolic activation. In the chromosome aberration assay using CHO cells, there was no increased incidence of structural and numerical aberrations with or without metabolic activation. These results indicated that, the Rhus-II had no genotoxicity.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.40-47
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• 1994

This study is conducted for both examination of a possiblity of danger and investigation of operational condition of selected 120 companies, to establish the safety standard of workplace hazards.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.65-73
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• 2007

This paper presents the safety performance of Korean domestic construction companies including the characteristic and current status of safety management actions of the firms. Safety performance both at the head office and job sites of each construction companies, which are divided four groups by construction capacity ranking, are investigated. General recognition that there is a wide difference of safety performance among domestic construction companies by construction capacity ranking was confirmed by comparing the safety performance at the head office and the job sites of the companies under the study. Data analysis shows that the safety performance of the group I and II has the largest difference, and this difference of the group II and III and group III and IV are gradually decreased, respectively. This paper presents the safety performance improvement measures, which is applicable to safety management components consisting of both the head office and job sites safety management systems of each group (e.g., I, II, III and IV) suffering the lack of safety performance.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.111-118
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• 2014

While large-sized facilities (type I II) have been managed systematically after the establishment of the Special Law for Safety Management on Facility, the management of small-sized facilities is relatively poor. The small-sized facilities have been managed by The Basic Law for Disaster and Safety Management, however, it is hard to manage them systematically as related standards are not established. Therefore, this study proposed the management plans for including the facilities such as some road tunnels and utility tunnels, which have the definite manager and a high possibility to harm the public, into type I and II facilities. In addition, it proposed the reinforcement plans of safety management for small-sized and vulnerable facilities such as breast wall and cut slopes, traditional markets and pedestrian bridges, which are fundamental facilities closely related to people's life, although a budget and a man-power are not enough.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2008년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1525-1538
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• 2008

Currently, it has been a fashion to include RAMS of rolling stock in the order for purchasing the rolling stock. However, it's only to suggest a qualitative value or an ideal target without giving or demonstrating actual RAMS target, with only demonstrating passive RAMS by the data provided by the manufacturer. In the case of KTX project of 100 cars of KTX-II contracted in June 2006, their target has been suggested from the previous RAMS application standard and it aimed to achieve the reliability level of equivalent high speed rolling stock. Afterward, as actual KTX-II RAMS Plan and RAMS Demonstration Plan has been prepared and approved, it has been the first problem to secure the reliability and safety in order to introduce the new high speed rolling stock(KTX-II) successfully and we actually tried to apply overseas RAMS standard, KTX samples, electric railcar MTRC and rolling stock samples. This Report was dealt world trends of Railway RAMS standard, KTX-II RAMS Specifications, the present condition of KTX-II RAMS performance and development a way of KTX-II RAMS, We hope the "KTX-II RAMS Application Standard for Safety of Passenger Transportation Service" is served as an opportunity for the basic research for establishing and demonstrating RAMS target of components or parts composing the rolling stock system.

• 자동차안전학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.50-55
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• 2018

Choosing automobile safety options is price-performance matter. The best fit options to buyer who has a certain driving habit are problem of MCDM (Multi Criteria Decision Making) because price of safety option, statistics of relating accident, consequence of accident, and driving habit are the multi criteria to be evaluated. In this paper, PROMETHEE-GAIA methodology is applied for solving this MCDM problem. The result shows that a different driving habit makes different choosing priority of safety options.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.7-12
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to examine the four week repeated toxicity in Sprague-Dawley rats orally administrated with Rhus-II (water fraction of Rhus Veniciflua). In acute toxicity test, three groups (40 rats of both sex) were administrated different dosages of Rhus-II, 2 g/kg (high dosage group), 1 g/kg, 0.5 g/kg and one group (10 rats of both sex) were received by orally only saline according to the Regulation on Korea Food and Drug Administration, respectively. There was no difference in body weight change, feed intake and water consumption among different dose groups. There was no alteration in relative organ weight by the administration of Rhus-II. No death of abnormal clinical signs was observed during the experimental period. Between the groups orally administered Rhus-II and the control group, there was no statistical significance in urinalysis, hematological test or serum biochemical values. There were no gross findings at final sacrifice. There was no evidence of histopathological alteration mediated by four week treatment with Rhus-II. These results suggest that no observable effect level(NOEL) of the test orally administration was considered to be more than 2g/kg in rats under the conditions employed in this study.