• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.207-218
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• 2015

This study is to design and implement Smartphone application by applying the principles and processes of narrative therapy for the participants. The application is able for participants to fight out of the difficulty in question centered on the issue, and to be able to find a positive new stories to be evolving the story of their lives as well. Therefore, using the application will help them to live a healthier life out of the problems. As a way of currying the wounded heart of the youth, narrative therapy techniques were applied to Smartphone appliances accustomed to the youth. The youths' wounded minds will not only be easily cured but also can be a important factor in determining the direction of life. In this study, narrative flow was structured into four stages; relationships, externalization, creating new stories and strengthening the new story bsed on Doll & Doll' theory. Based on them, the Smartphone application for curing the wounded heart was designed and developed by utilizing narrative therapy techniques. The application was tested by 30 University students in Jeonbuk province in Korea and the results showed that they were satisfied with the application with relation to improving their heart health.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.57 no.3
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• pp.165-175
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• 2018

Insects are known to live at wide range of temperature, but can not survive when they are exposed to over $40^{\circ}C$ or below supercooling point. The larvae of Helicoverpa assulta have been reared at high ($35^{\circ}C$), low (3 to $10^{\circ}C$), and room temperature ($25^{\circ}C$; control). To identify stress-related genes, the transcriptomes of fat body have been analyzed. Genes such as cuticular proteins, fatty acyl ${\Delta}9$ desaturase and glycerol 3 phosphate dehydrogenase were up-regulated whereas chitin synthase, catalase, and UDP-glycosyltransferase were down-regulated at low temperature. Superoxide dismutase, metallothionein 2, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and trehalose transporter have been up-regulated at high temperature. In addition, expressions of heat shock protein and glutathione peroxidase were increased at high temperature, but decreased at low temperature. These temperature-specific expressed genes can be available as markers for climate change of insect pests.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.223-229
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• 2013

Because colostrum is considered to be the sole source of passively acquired maternal antibodies for calves, newborn calves must consume colostrum to gain disease resistance during their early years of life. Storage of surplus colostrum from dairy cows right after calving and feeding newborn calves in deficiency of colostrum to assure adequate uptake of IgG for protection of the calf has been a common practice in the bovine production. In the current study, 35 colostrums were randomly collected from 3 colostrum banks located in different regions of Korea and monitored for general bacterial contamination and major bovine pathogens. Immunoglobulin concentrations and BVDV-specific antibodies were also determined to evaluate the immune quality of the colostrums. Moderate to severe bacterial contamination (up to 72,000,000 CFU/ml) was observed in most of the colostrums collected from colostrum banks. General immune quality of the colostrums was under the satisfactory level since most of the colostrums contained less than 50 g/L of IgG, which is the minimum concentration for good quality colostrums. Therefore, colostrum for colostrum bank should be collected at the first 2-3 post-partum milkings according to proper harvesting and handling procedures to guarantee the safety and quality of colostrum. In addition, it was recommended that colostrum should be heat-treated before frozen and stored in the bank because pasteurization at $63^{\circ}C$ for 30 min was very effective reducing the risk of disease transmission without causing significant degradation of immunoglobulins.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.8-15
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• 2017

Most fire victims succumb to smoke inhalation, and fire smoke toxicity from interior materials is increasing with increased use of plastics. Large amounts of hazardous effects of smoke are related to deposition of smoke particles in respiratory tracts, and deposition characteristics are influenced by size distribution of particles. Thus, it is essential to know the size distribution of smoke particles from plastics for hazard analysis of fire smoke. In a recent study, it has been shown that size distributions of smoke particles from PP are different from wood in many aspects. In order to know whether other plastics show the same characteristics as PP, size distributions of smoke particles from four plastic materials (LDPE, PA66, PMMA, and PVC) were measured in real time under each fire type with various temperature and oxygen supply. In this study, smoke particles from different plastics were generated uniformly by using steady-state tube furnace method provided in ISO/TS 19700. Their size distributions were measured by using an electrical low pressure impactor (ELPI). Results of measurements showed that size distributions of smoke particles from these four plastic materials were similar to those from PP in many aspects. However, they were distinctively different from those of wood.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.16
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• pp.357-371
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• 2008

Currently, the security operations in nation's key foundations in Korea are performed by private police and special security guard in accordance with the Private Police Act and Security Business Act, respectively. In 1960s, The Korean Government introduced the private police system in terms of the national security issues, but it was just a hurriedly-set plan on the basis of Japanese Sunsa system as by that time there was no such system revitalized. However, the special security guards could offer wider range of security services including those of the private police with the enactment and revision of the Security Business Act 1976 and April 2001, respectively. Moreover, the expectations and interests rose over the special security guards in nation's key foundations after 9.11Terror Event in the U. S. 2001. However, as we investigated the current education/training system for the special security guard, we found that such education/training which is not activating the specialty of special security guard will not respond to the social demands. Special security guard owns its own characteristics other than those of general security guard as they are in service in nation's key foundations. Thus, the effcient management and training for the special security guard is the most important matter for the safety and security of nation's key foundations. Therefore, the well-educated special security guard through the reorganized and specialized education/training for the protection of nation's key foundations is expected to offer qualitatively improved security services.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.327-334
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• 2010

Exposure during childhood results in higher risk for certain detrimental cancers than exposure during adulthood. We measured entrance skin dose (ESD) under 7-year children undergoing chest imaging and compared the relationship between ESD and age, height, weight, chest thickness. Though it is important to measure chest thickness for setting up the exposure condition of chest examination, it is difficult to measure chest thickness of children. We set up exposure parameters according to age because chest thickness of children has correlation with age. In the exposure parameters, for chest A-P examination under 2 year-children, tube voltage (kVp) in hospital A was higher than that in hospital B while tube current (mAs) was higher in hospital B, thus the ESD values were about 1.7 times higher in hospital B. However, for chest P-A examination over 4 year-children, the tube voltage was 7 kVp higher in hospital B, the tube current were same in all two systems, and focus to image receptor distance (FID) in hospital B (180 cm) was longer than that in hospital A (130 cm), thus the ESD values were 1.4 times higher in hospital A. For same ages, the ESD values for chest A-P examinations were higher than those for chest P-A examinations. Comparing ESD according to age, ESD values were $154{\mu}Gy$, $194{\mu}Gy$ and $138{\mu}Gy$ for children under 1 year, 1 to under 4 years and 4 to under 7 years of age, respectively. These values were lower than reference level ($200{\mu}Gy$) recommended in JART (japan association of radiological technologists), however these were higher than reference values recommended by EC (european commission), NRPB (national radiological protection board) and NIFDS (national institute of food & drug safety evaluation). In conclusion, the values of ESD were affected by exposure parameters from radiographer's past experience more than x-ray system. ESD values for older children were not always higher than those for younger children. Therefore we need to establish our own DRLs (diagnostic reference levels) according to age of the children in order to optimize pediatric patient protection.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.116-122
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• 2010

This study was carried out to estimate the risk of pesticide operators who use high toxicological pesticides. The class II (highly hazardous) pesticides registered in korea were 15 products, and 11 products were spray type pesticides at orchard file in 2009. The using information based on the pesticide label and the data searched through survey of actual condition on pesticides were used for calculate the pesticide operator exposure dose. The risk quotients of these pesticides against the pesticides operator were calculated as devide pesticide exposure dose by reference dose which were presented by EFSA (European Food Safety Authority), JMPR (Joint FAO Meeting on Pesticide Residues), and US/EPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency). Omethoate showed the highest risk quotient and the values were 338 and 75 when the operator spray using speed sprayer and motor sprayer respectively. Risk quotients of all class II pesticide were above 1. This result means that the risk potential of these pesticides are very high.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.59-64
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• 2015

This study analyzed results of the causes of failure in 1,022 fire trucks currently being used in South Korea (aerial ladder, aerial platform, pumper, and chemical fire trucks). The results show that 46% of aerial ladder trucks have defective in the elevator brake systems, 29% of aerial platform trucks have contamination in the hydraulic oil, 37% of pumpers have defective in the pneumatic cylinders of the air supply system, and 39% of chemical fire trucks have defective in the powder fire extinguishing systems. The principal reasons for malfunctions are deterioration of the apparatuses, and accumulated fatigue from repetitive use of certain components, such as pneumatic cylinders in the air supply system and wire rope jamming in rollers in the ladder apparatus. These manufacturing defects should be improved upon in the manufacturing process. As a result, the fire trucks, which are used for 5 years or more, need precise inspections in accordance with the Regulation on Fire Apparatus Maintenance. Fire apparatuses have a service life of 10 to 12 years or more. They need to be replaced or require life extension, and they should be kept in top shape with the best maintenance for public safety.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.306-313
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• 2017

Recently fire blight occurred in the Republic of Korea and eradication program for the disease has been executed since then. Specificity and detection sensitivity of the 2 antibody-based diagnostic strips to Korean isolates of Erwinia amylovora (Ea) and their application for on-site diagnosis were evaluated in this study. Ea AgriStrip, a commercial diagnostic kit, and EB strip, developed in this study, reacted positively to the all tested Korean Ea strains and also to most of Erwinia pyrifoliae (Ep) strains causing black shoot blight. They reacted negatively to all Pusedomonas syringae pv. syringae (Pss) strains that cause shoot blight on apple. Detection sensitivity was similar between the 2 strips. For on-site diagnosis, the two strips reacted positively only to the extractions of the fire-blighted samples on all fire blight occurred orchards except one orchard at which on-site diagnosis was carried out at winter time. In addition, they reacted positively to the black-shoot blighted extractions from the black shoot blight occurred apple orchard. These results suggest that both EB strip and Ea AgriStrip would be useful for on-site diagnosis of fire blight in Korea.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.50
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• pp.91-115
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• 2017

Recently the characteristics of those who committed serious terrorist crimes are not directly related to the direct command system of a specific terrorist organization (ex. IS) but are influenced by the political propaganda of terrorist organizations online, Terrorist crime under the loose form of the terrorist organization. Therefore, this study suggests ways to improve countermeasures against terrorism in metropolitan subways. Although it is important for the prevention of terrorism in the subway, it is important for the police officers of the subway police and the special police officers of the railway to have a physical limit to take charge of them, and after confirming that improvement measures are necessary, And pointed out the possibility of establishing independent security departments where judicial and administrative control is not feasible to grant police rights. In addition, I pointed out how to improve the safety of subways in the metropolitan area through the recruitment of core job candidates and the identity survey during the subway operation. Furthermore, it was confirmed that a special council on terrorism, which can take into consideration the characteristics of subway terrorism, such as airports and ports, is required to be established in charge of terrorism prevention under the current Anti-Terrorism Act. Finally, it is once again emphasized that the strengthening of the powers of the counterparts to terrorism must inevitably limit the basic rights of the people, so the principle of proportionality must be observed in their activities.