• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.76-82
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• 2004

Biodiesel fuel(BDF) which is easily produced from vegetable oils such as soybean oil and rice bran oil can be effectively used as an alternative fuel in diesel engine. However, BDF can affect the performance and emissions in diesel engine because it has different chemical and physical properties from diesel fuel. To investigate the effects of injection timing on the characteristics of performance and emissions with BDF in IDI diesel engine, BDF derived from rice bran oil was considered in this study. The engine was operated at six different injection timings and six loads at a single engine speed of 2000rpm. When the injection timing was retarded, better results were obtained, which may confirm the advantage of BDF. The reduction of NOx and smoke was observed for a 2$^{\circ}$ retarded injection timing without any sacrifice of BSEC.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.942-945
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• 2012

A high-speed traveling-wave photodetector (TWPD) with an InGaAs absorber is designed and realized. The bandwidth of the TWPD is measured using electro-optic sampling techniques. The bandwidth is 410 GHz, which shows that the RC limitation is overcome. While the TWPD shows a low responsivity of 0.06 A/W at 1,550 nm, this value can be improved through further optimization of the structure without a sacrifice in bandwidth.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.276-287
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the clear concept of organizational commitment for effective nursing personnel management. Method: This study was conducted using Walker & Avant's conceptual analysis framework(2005). Results: Organizational commitment was identified with six attributes: acknowledgment, acceptance, trust, sacrifice, attachment, regulation. Antecedents of organizational commitment were personal characteristics, perceived organizational support, empowerment, fair compensation, job satisfaction, job autonomy, organizational culture, and leadership. Consequences of organizational commitment were turnover intention, job performance and organizational citizenship behavior. Conclusion: Organization commitment is a core concept for understanding the management of nursing personnel. Appropriate instruments to operationalize the concept of organizational commitment including six attributes need to be developed.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2003년도 ICCAS
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• pp.468-472
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• 2003

The lifting technique is a standard control procedure that is commonly applied to dual-rate systems, where a critical difficulty is that care must be taken so that the resulting equivalent system preserves the causality constraint between the control signal and the measured output. To overcome this difficulty, the most attractive result has been suggested by defining control time sequences as the union of sample and hold time sequences. However, the sacrifice of regular control period scheme results in some serious disadvantages; restrictions on the implementation to hardware and the corresponding inefficient control scheme. On the contrary, this paper proposes a novel dual-rate control technique, which redescribes the system as a control-rate-based system having regular control period and designs the controller, with no causality constraint, through Linear Matrix Inequality (LMI) formulation.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2005년도 추계종합학술대회
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• pp.1083-1086
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• 2005

Modern superscalar processors exploit Instruction Level Parallelism to achieve high performance by speculative techniques such as branch prediction. The indirect branch target prediction is very difficult compared to the prediction of direct branch target and branch direction, since it has dynamically polymorphic target. We present a accurate and hardware-efficient indirect branch target predictor. It can reduce the tags which has to be stored in the Indirect Branch Target Cache without a sacrifice of the prediction accuracy. We implement the proposed scheme on SimpleScalar and show the efficiency running SPEC95 benchmarks.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.50-55
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• 2015

In the hand, few vessels can be classified as 'perforators'. Even today, the debate continues on whether or not branches of the digital artery should be considered as perforators. However, 'perforator' and 'perforator flaps' have become extremely popular within the microsurgery literature, and as such, the terminology has found widespread adoption across the hand surgery field. The finger is the most important sensory organ for tactile stimulation. The glabrous skin can be distinguished between the fingertip and the proximal tissue, with the fingertip having a higher functional and, therefore, reconstructive priority. Thus, sacrifice of the proximal glabrous skin can be justified in the reconstruction of fingertip defects. In this paper, the author reviews two flaps, 'lateral digital artery perforator flap' and 'volar digital artery perforator flap', both of which uses short branches of the digital artery as a vascular pedicle and are useful in fingertip construction.

• 한국산업경영시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국산업경영시스템학회 2002년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.455-460
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• 2002

As the transmission of 3D shape models through Internet becomes more important, the compression issue of shape models gets more critical. The issues for normal vectors have not yet been explored as much as it deserves, even though the size of the data for normal vectors can be significantly larger than its counterparts of topology and geometry. Presented in this paper is an approach to compress the normal vectors of a shape model represented in a mesh using the concept of clustering. It turns out that the proposed approach has a significant compression ratio without a serious sacrifice of the visual quality of the model.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.197-200
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• 2005

We performed lateral ankle ligament reconstructions using Achilles allograft on patients who had failed previous Brostrom repair. The bone plug is fixed with an interference screw into the calcaneus, the tendon graft is passed through a fibular tunnel, and then anchored into the talus with the biotenodesis screw. The graft is strong enough to maintain joint stability until graft incorporation and remodeling occurs. In patients with chronic failed lateral ankle instability requiring graft for ligament reconstruction, this technique allows anatomic reconstruction without the need to sacrifice autogenous peroneal tendons.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.73-78
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• 2012

Severe ankle sprain secondarily leads to chronic lateral ankle instability in 20-30%. Many surgical procedures have been presented for reconstruction of the lateral ankle instability, but controversy still remains for the ideal surgical option. Br$\ddot{o}$strom procedure or its modifications have been widely used but they have some limitations for the instabilities for the over-weight, physically high demanding patients and especially for significantly deficient or attenuated ligaments. Moreover the tenodesis procedures using peroneus brevis tendon are non-anatomical and sacrifice important lateral stabilizing tendon. Therefore recently, many reconstructive procedures for lateral ankle instability utilizing free allograft or autograft tendon have been introduced to anatomically stabilize the lateral ligaments to various degrees.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.270-277
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• 2012

This paper presents a new DAC design strategy to achieve a wideband dynamic linearity by increasing the bandwidth of the output impedance. In order to reduce the dominant parasitic capacitance of the conventional matrix structure, all the cells associated with a unit current source and its control are stacked in a single column very closely (stacked unit cell structure). To further reduce the parasitic capacitance, the size of the unit current source is considerably reduced at the sacrifice of matching yield. The degraded matching of the current sources is compensated for by a self-calibration. A prototype 6-bit 3.3-GS/s current-steering full binary DAC was fabricated in a 1P9M 90 nm CMOS process. The DAC shows an SFDR of 36.4 dB at 3.3 GS/s Nyquist input signal. The active area of the DAC occupies only $0.0546mm^2$ (0.21 mm ${\times}$ 0.26 mm).