• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.55 no.4
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• pp.408-416
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• 2022

This study investigated the physicochemical properties and physiological activities of jelly prepared from gelatin, sugar, bokbunja extract, and different amounts (0, 0.5, 1, 2 and 3%) of fermented sea tangle Saccharina japonica powder (FSP). The jelly moisture, pH, and sugar content slightly increased with increasing the FSP content. Hardness, springiness, gumminess, chewiness, and cohesiveness also increased with increasing FSP concentration. Jelly antioxidant activity did not change significantly with increasing FSP. In contrast, alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase activities in the jellies increased significantly with increasing FSP concentration. β-secretase inhibitory activity in jellies also increased with increasing FSP concentration. Jellies containing 0.5 or 1% FSP achieved the highest overall sensory acceptance scores. Taken together, these data indicate that addition of FSP to jelly appears to improve its quality and physiological activities.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.351-357
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• 2012

To determine whether the seaweed Saccharina japonica can effectively utilize dissolved nutrients from Sebastes schlegeli fish cultures, a laboratory experiment was conducted in a static system for 7 days at ESFRI, NFRDI in Korea. The experiment included an S. schlegeli monoculture system and an S. schlegeli-S. japonica IMTA system. Saccharina schlegeli density ($415{\pm}24g$; mean${\pm}$SE) remained the same in all treatments, whereas seaweed density varied across treatments of 0, 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 kg (control and T1-T4, respectively). During the experiment, nutrient ($NH_4^+$ and $PO_4^{3-}$) concentrations were measured at 24-h intervals. $NH_4^+$ concentration of the control group increased from $0.117{\pm}0.021mg/L$ at the start of experiment to $5.836{\pm}0.904mg/L$ at the end of experiment. $NH_4^+$ concentrations of each treatment were $3.004{\pm}0.040$, $2.086{\pm}0.133$, $1.642{\pm}0.121$ and $0.775{\pm}0.007mg/L$ in T1, T2, T3, and T4, respectively, at the end of experiment. The concentration of $PO_4^{3-}$ exhibited a similar trend to $NH_4^+$ concentration. $NH_4^+$ and $PO_4^{3-}$ concentrations significantly decreased with increased S. japonica thallus density each day (P<0.05). The nutrient removal efficiency (NRE) and nutrient uptake rate (NUR) showed different relationships with changes in thallus density; NRE increased but NUR decreased as thallus density increased. Based on measured concentrations of $NH_4^+$ and S. japonica weight, regression analysis defined the relationship between as an exponential function, $Y=3.8165e^{-0.505X}$ ($R^2$ = 0.9552). Our results demonstrated that S. japonica can function as an efficient component in IMTA with environmental and potentially economic benefits for fish hatcheries.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Sciences Society Conference
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• 2018.10a
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• pp.152-152
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• 2018

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.702-707
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• 2013

Sleep is an essential biological process of which the underlying regulatory mechanisms involve numerous anatomical structures and biochemical substances that can be compromised by stress and the immune system. Gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the main inhibitory neurotransmitter of the central nervous system (CNS). It is well established that activation of $GABA_A$ receptors promotes sleep. L. brevis BJ20 fermentation of sea tangle and oysters resulted in stress reduction and sleep inducing effects. This is the first study to report that GABA has the ability to induce sleep related hormones in mice; therefore, it has potential use as a natural sleep aid. These results suggested that sea tangle and oysters fermented by L. brevis BJ20 can be used as potential agents for stress reduction and sleep promotion.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.524-530
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• 2019

Kelp (Saccharina japonica) contains various bioactive compounds, including vitamins, minerals (especially iodine and potassium), alginic acid, fucoxanthin, and various antioxidants. Kelp is mainly used as a dried product. The purpose of this study was to investigate the stabilities of antioxidant capacities and fucoxanthin of kelp by different conventional drying conditions including hot air drying at 70℃ and natural drying methods. Fucoxanthin, total phenolic contents, and total antioxidant capacity by ABTS, DPPH, and FRAP assays were significantly decreased after 5 to 10 h of hot air drying at 70℃. The assay values were also significantly decreased by 50% after 2 days of drying due to ultraviolet exposure. The findings demonstrate that heat and ultraviolet exposure during drying of kelp could affect the degradation of bioactive compounds, especially fucoxanthin and polyphenols. Optimal conditions should be considered during kelp drying and storage.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.498-505
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• 2016

Background Algae have traditionally been used for promotion of hair growth. Use of hair regrowth drugs, such as minoxidil, is limited due to side effects. The aim of this study was to examine a mixture of Saccharina japonica and Undaria pinnatifida (L-U mixture) on hair growth and to compare the promoting effect of hair growth by a 3% minoxidil and a L-U mixture. Methods To evaluate the hair growth-promoting activity, saline, 50% ethanol, 3% minoxidil, and the L-U mixture were applied 2 times a day for a total of 14 days on the dorsal skin of C57BL/6 mice after depilation. Analysis was determined by using a high-resolution hair analysis system, real-time polymerase chain reaction, and H&E staining. Results On day 14, the hair growth effect of the L-U mixture was the same as that of the 3% minoxidil treatment. The L-U mixture significantly (P<0.05) stimulated hair growth-promoting genes, as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and insulin-like growth factor -1. Increase of VEGF was observed in the L-U mixture group compared with minoxidil and the negative control. In contrast, the L-U mixture suppressed the expression of transforming growth factor-${\beta}1$, which is the hair loss-related gene. In histological examination in the L-U mixture and minoxidil groups, the induction of an anagen stage of hair follicles was faster than that of control groups. Conclusions This study provides evidence that the L-U mixture can promote hair growth in mice, similar to the effect from minoxidil, and suggests that there is potential application for hair loss treatments.

• ALGAE
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.101-108
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• 2018

Saccharina japonica was introduced to both Korea and China from Hokkaido, Japan, and it has become an economically important species in both nations. After a long period of cultivation, several varieties of S. japonica have been developed in Korea and China. In this study, we conducted aquacultural research on the persistence of thalli from two kelp cultivars, one from China (Huangguan No. 1) and one from Korea (Sugwawon No. 301), between December 2015 and November 2016 in Haenam, Korea. The maximum length was $247.8{\pm}13.0$ and $227.5{\pm}42.0cm$, respectively, which were significantly longer in Sugwawon No. 301 than in Huangguan No. 1. The maximum width was $29.9{\pm}5.4$ and $23.2{\pm}1.9cm$, respectively, which were significantly wider in Huangguan No. 1 than in Sugwawon No. 301. The mean biomass obtained from the culture ropes was for Sugwawon No. 301 was $3.5{\pm}0.3kg\;wet\;wt\;m^{-1}$ and for while Huangguan No. 1 was $3.1{\pm}1.0kg\;wet\;wt\;m^{-1}$ of culture rope. After August, the persistence of the thalli of Sugwawon No. 301 was two months longer than that of Huangguan No. 1. We found that the Sugwawon No. 301 performed as well as the Huangguan No. 1 in Korean waters possibly due to increased flexibility as a result of the different cell arrangements of the two cultivars. Overall, the use of the Sugwawon No. 301 cultivar rather than the Huangguan No. 1 cultivar of S. japonica appears the best alternative to help to ensure a stable year round algal feed supply for the Korean abalone industry.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.121-132
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• 2004

Concentrations of Al, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn were determined in four arctic brown algae (Laminaria saccharina, L. digitata, Alaria esculenta, Desmarestia aculeata) in an attempt to examine for their metal accumulation capacity and also to assess their contamination levels. Macroalgae were collected from shallow subtidal waters (<20m) of Kongsfjorden (Kings Bay) on Spitsbergen during the period of the late July to early August 2003. Metal concentrations highly varied between sampling sites, species and tissue parts. Input of melt-water laden with terrigenous sediment particles seemed to have a large influence on baseline accumulations of some metals (Al, Fe, Mn, Pb etc.) in the macroalgae, causing a significant spatial variation. There were also significant concentration differences between the young and old tissue parts in L. saccharina, L. digitata and A. esculenta. While Al, Fe, Mn, Pb were higher in the perennial parts (stipes and holdfast below meristematic region), Cd and As concentrations were significantly higher in the young blades above the meristematic region. Zn and Cr, on the other hand, showed little differences between the tissue parts. The highest metal concentrations were found in D. aculeata, which seems to be due to its filamentous fine branches leading to high surface/volume ratios. The lowest concentrations were found in the two Laminaria spp., the blades of which are thicker than D. aculeata and A. esculenta. No distinct signs of contamination were detected in the brown algal species analyzed. Added to this, the results of the present studies suggest the potential utility of L. saccharina, L. digitata and A. esculenta as biomonitors for metal pollution monitoring in this area.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.106-110
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• 2013

In this work, we investigated 20 kinds of ionic liquids as catalyst during the hydrolysis of Saccharina japonica. Three kinds of ionic liquid, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, n-butyl-4-methylpyridinium tetrafluoroborate, and n-methylmorpholine [$HSO_4$], are selected, and then investigated the effect of reaction temperature, catalyst amount and reaction time. The hydrolysis of S. japonica was increased by the increasing of reaction temperature and ionic liquid amount. Also, the hydrolysis presented the linear increase by the increasing of reaction time. After 90 min of reaction, the concentrations of reducing sugar of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, n-butyl-4-methylpyridinium tetrafluoroborate, and n-methylmorpholine [$HSO_4$] are reached to 6.2 g/L, 6.4 g/L and 6.0 g/L, respectively. As an overall result, we obtained the possibility of hydrolysis of marine biomass using ionic liquids.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.2993-2999
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• 2014

Saccharina japonica is a family member of Phaeophyceae (brown macro-alga) and extensively cultivated in China, Japan and Korea. Here, the potential anti-cancer effect of n-hexane fraction of S. japonica was evaluated in SK-Hep1 human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. The N-hexane fraction reduced cell viability and increased the numbers of apoptotic cells in a both dose- and time-dependent manner. Apoptosis was activated by both caspase-dependent and independent pathways. The caspase-dependent cell death pathway is mediated by cell surface death receptors and activated caspase-8 amplified the apoptotic signal either through direct activation of downstream caspase-3 or pro-apoptotic proteins (Bad, Bax and Bak) subsequently leading to the release of cytochrome c. On the other hand, caspase-independent apoptosis appeared mediated by disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential and translocation of AIF to the nucleus where they induced chromatin condensation and/or large-scale DNA fragmentation. In addition, the n-hexane fraction induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-stress and cell cycle arrest. The results suggested that potential anti-cancer effects of n-hexane extract from S. japonica on SK-Hep1 cells.