• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.835-844
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• 2015

Streamflow responses to irrigation reservoirs and groundwater withdrawals were simulated using the integrated surface-water and groundwater model, SWAT-MODFLOW for the upstream watershed of the Gongdo station located in the Anseong stream. The simulated results indicated that the irrigation water supply from the Gosam and the Geumkwang reservoirs has caused the decrease of 31.2%, 82.5% in drought flows below the reservoirs, respectively, against the natural flow condition. While, at the outlet of the study watershed, the effects of the irrigation reservoirs were insignificant due to the delayed return flows with the decrease of 5.7% in drought flow. Both of the irrigation reservoirs and groundwater withdrawals have reduced the drought flows by 19.2% at the Gongdo station.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.305-312
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• 2011

Because groundwater recharge shows spatial-temporal variability due to climatic conditions, it is necessary to investigate land use and hydrogeological heterogeneity, and estimate the spatial variability in the daily recharge rate based on an integrated surface-groundwater model. The integrated SWAT-MODFLOW model was applied to compute physically based daily groundwater recharge in the Jincheon region. The temporal variations in estimated recharge were calibrated using the observed groundwater head at several National Groundwater Monitoring Stations and at automatic groundwater-monitoring sites constructed during the Basic Groundwater Investigation Project (2009-2010). For the whole Mihocheon watershed, including the Jincheon region, the average groundwater recharge rate is estimated to be 20.8% of the total rainfall amount, which is in good agreement with the analytically estimated recharge rate. The proposed methodology will be a useful tool in the management of groundwater in Korea.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.50 no.12
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• pp.889-896
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• 2017

In the present study, an integrated SWAT-MODFLOW model was implemented to analyze the method of supplying groundwater abstraction contributing to Musimcheon stream. Various simulations of supply of groundwater to streamflow with current and maximum groundwater abstraction have been explored for 5 years (2011-2015). In 2015, when the severe drought happened, the monthly discharge change rate due to groundwater supply was ranged from 23% in current abstraction to 68% in maximum abstraction. In terms of annual groundwater recharge, these quantities could be applicable recharges ranged from 75 mm (6.2% of annual mean precipitation) to 290 mm (24% of annual mean precipitation) which could be stable annual supply. Since surface water is vulnerable to drought, the water supply using groundwater could be an effective alternative for stream deficiency.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.45 no.12
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• pp.1243-1258
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• 2012

The objective of this study is to develop the relational formula to estimate the streamflow depletion due to groundwater pumping near stream, which has been statistically derived by using the simulated data. The integrated surface water and groundwater model, SWAT-MODFLOW was applied to the Sinduncheon and Juksancheon watersheds to obtain the streamflow depletion data under various pumping conditions. Through the multiple regression analyses for the simulated streamflow depletion data, the relational formula between the streamflow depletion rate and various factors such as pumping rate, distance between well and stream, hydraulic properties in/near stream, amount of rainfall was obtained. The derived relational formula is easy to apply for assessing the effects of groundwater pumping on near stream, and is expected to be a tool for estimate the streamflow contribution to the pumped water.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.19-32
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• 2007

In Korea, there have been various methods of estimating groundwater recharge which generally can be subdivided into three types: baseflow separation method by means of groundwater recession curve, water budget analysis based on lumped conceptual model in watershed, and water table fluctuation method (WTF) by using the data from groundwater monitoring wells. However, groundwater recharge rate shows the spatial-temporal variability due to climatic condition, land use and hydrogeological heterogeneity, so these methods have various limits to deal with these characteristics. To overcome these limitations, we present a new method of estimating recharge based on water balance components from the SWAT-MODFLOW which is an integrated surface-ground water model. Groundwater levels in the interest area close to the stream have dynamics similar to stream flow, whereas levels further upslope respond to precipitation with a delay. As these behaviours are related to the physical process of recharge, it is needed to account for the time delay in aquifer recharge once the water exits the soil profile to represent these features. In SWAT, a single linear reservoir storage module with an exponential decay weighting function is used to compute the recharge from soil to aquifer on a given day. However, this module has some limitations expressing recharge variation when the delay time is too long and transient recharge trend does not match to the groundwater table time series, the multi-reservoir storage routing module which represents more realistic time delay through vadose zone is newly suggested in this study. In this module, the parameter related to the delay time should be optimized by checking the correlation between simulated recharge and observed groundwater levels. The final step of this procedure is to compare simulated groundwater table with observed one as well as to compare simulated watershed runoff with observed one. This method is applied to Mihocheon watershed in Korea for the purpose of testing the procedure of proper estimation of spatio-temporal groundwater recharge distribution. As the newly suggested method of estimating recharge has the advantages of effectiveness of watershed model as well as the accuracy of WTF method, the estimated daily recharge rate would be an advanced quantity reflecting the heterogeneity of hydrogeology, climatic condition, land use as well as physical behaviour of water in soil layers and aquifers.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.422-422
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• 2012

지하수개발 이용의 허가시 지하수 양수로 인한 주변지역에 미치는 영향을 조사하여 지하수의 고갈과 오염을 예측하고 이를 사전에 방지함으로써 지하수의 보전과 합리적인 이용을 도모하고자 지하수영향조사제도가 시행되어 왔다. 특히 하천구역의 경계로부터 300미터 내의 지역에서 지하수를 개발 이용하는 경우에는 지하수영향조사서를 첨부하여 국토해양부장관과 미리 협의하도록 되어있고, 이 때 지하수개발 이용이 하천의 수량에 영향을 미친다고 인정하는 경우에는 취수량 취수 기간의 제한 및 취수 금지 등을 요청할 수 있다. 그러나, 하천인근의 지하수 양수가 하천수에 미치는 영향을 정량적으로 평가할 수 있는 기법이 마련되어있지 않아 실무적으로 지하수영향조사 및 허가 절차상 어려움을 겪고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 지하수 이용에 따른 하천수량 변화를 예측할 수 있는 간편 상관관계식을 지표수-지하수 통합모의 결과를 이용하여 유도 제시하였다. 지표수-지하수 통합모의를 위해서 SWAT-MODFLOW 결합모형을 적용하였고, 두 개의 시험유역에 대해 가상의 양수정 설치에 따른 하천수량 변화량을 평가하는 시나리오 분석을 수행하였다. 상관관계는 다중회귀분석을 통해서 하천수 감소량을 지하수 양수량, 하천과 양수정 이격거리, 대수층 및 하천바닥의 수리전도특성, 강수량 등의 함수로 나타내었다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.251-251
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• 2015

지하수 양수정 위치에 따라 대수층 및 하천바닥층의 수리지질학적 특성이 상이하여 양수로 인한 지하수위 저하 및 하천으로의 지하수 유출 감소의 시간적 반응과 그 크기가 공간적으로 다르게 나타난다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 지표수-지하수 통합모형 SWAT-MODFLOW를 죽산천 유역에 적용하여 지하수 양수정 위치에 따른 하천수 감소량을 모의 분석하였다. 대상 유역내에 위치한 전체 지하수 양수정을 고려하여 현재 이용 상태의 하천유량을 모의한 후, 다시 지하수 관정을 모두 제거하여 자연 상태일 때의 하천유량을 산정하여 하천수 감소의 정도를 평가하기 위한 기준유량으로 삼았다. 이어서 하천변 양안 500m 이내 임의 위치에 지하수 양수정을 개별적으로 입력하여 반복 모의를 통해 하천유량을 산정하고 자연 상태의 하천유량과의 차이로부터 하천수 감소량을 산정하였다. 임의 위치 각각에 대해 산정한 하천수 감소량을 크리깅 기법을 통해 공간 보간하여 표출한 결과 양수정 위치에 따라 하천에 미치는 영향의 공간적 편차가 크게 나타났고, 특히 양수 5년후에는 양수량 대비 하천수감소량이 60%를 초과하는 지역이 대부분인 것으로 분석되었다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.507-507
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 안성천 공도 수위표 상류유역에 대해 농업용 저수지와 지하수 이용이 하천유량에 미치는 영향을 SWAT-MODFLOW 모형을 이용하여 모의 분석하였다. 대상유역내에 위치한 고 삼, 금광 농업용 저수지 영향을 고려하기 위해서 관개기에는 저수지 방류량이 관개수로를 통해 수리답 지역으로 보내져 작물소모에 의한 손실과 지표 및 지표하 유출 과정을 거쳐 하천으로 회귀되도록 하고, 비관개기에는 저수지가 만수가 될 경우에만 하천으로 저수지 방류가 일어나도록 처리하였다. 지하수 이용량은 유역내 위치한 허가 및 신고 관정을 대상으로 하였으며, 농업용 관정인 경우는 저수지 관개와 마찬가지로 작물소모에 의한 손실과 지표 및 지표하 유출 과정을 거쳐 하천으로 회귀되도록 처리하였고, 생공용 관정인 경우는 유역내에서 전량 소모되는 것으로 간주하였다. 저수지 및 지하수 양수 유무에 따른 하천유량을 모의한 결과 고삼 및 금광 저수지 직하류부에서는 저수지 영향이 지배적으로 작용하여 갈수량이 각각 약 40% 및 85% 만큼 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 반면에 저수지로부터 보다 하류쪽로 가면서 회귀수의 영향으로 감소 영향이 둔화되는 양상을 보였으며, 유역출구부에서는 저수지 및 지하수 이용 영향으로 자연상태 유량에 비해 갈수량이 약 19% 만큼 감소하는 것으로 분석되었다.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.655-662
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• 2021

This study aimed to estimate exploitable groundwater for the sustainable supply of groundwater in the Jinju region of South Gyeongsang Province. As an integrated hydrologic analysis model, SWAT-MODFLOW was used to estimate the distributed groundwater recharge in consideration of land use and soil distribution. As a result of calibration of the model, the coefficient of determination between the observed flow and the simulated flow was 0.75-0.80, which was good. The simulated groundwater recharge rate showed a spatio-temporal distribution due to heterogeneous watershed characteristics. The amount of groundwater recharge shows lower values over winter and spring, but it increases according to the pattern of precipitation in summer and autumn. The calculated average annual groundwater recharge was compared with the result using the baseflow separation method of natural flow, and the deviation of both results was small, within 3 %, confirming the validity of the estimated groundwater recharge. Exploitable groundwater is defined as the amount of recharge corresponding to low flow with 10 years of return period. Therefore, in this study, 14.2 % of the annual precipitation was found to be exploitable as a result of calculating the amount of recharge at a 10-year frequency using a statistical frequency analysis technique.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.45 no.12
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• pp.1259-1273
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• 2012

In this study, a watershed-based surface water and groundwater integrated model, SWAT-MODFLOW was used to quantify the stream flow depletion due to groundwater pumping for the Sinduncheon watershed. Complex water use conditions such as water taken from a stream, sewage disposal release, irrigation from agricultural reservoir, groundwater pumping were considered for simulations. In particular, the model was revised to reflect the effects of reservoir operation and return flow from the used groundwater on streamflow variation. The simulated results showed that the groundwater pumping at current status has induced the decrease of more than 10% in annual average streamflow and 40% in drought flow at the outlet of the Sinduncheon watershed, The simulated results also revealed that the vast water withdrawals at green house areas during winter season have dramatically changed streamflow from April to June. The streamflow depletion was mainly attributed to pumping wells located within the distance of 300 m from the stream for Sinduncheon watershed.