• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.58 no.9
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• pp.166-175
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• 2008

For the structural firefighting protective clothing, it can show a synergy effect when it satisfies smart fabric to block off a harmful environmental element and ergonomics design that apply range of motion of human body and appropriate size system. There are various standards about the structural firefighting protective clothing, but it's difficult to find a rule about movement suitability because the performance of the material holds a lot of the rules. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to propose a scheme to evaluate the current structural firefighting protective clothing and to improve movement suitability by research on the actual condition. For this, the survey about wearer acceptability scale on design and size and about improvement requirements was executed gathering firefighters' opinion. Questionnaire was composed with 23 items about satisfaction on current structural firefighting protective clothing, body suitability, movement suitability, improvement requirement and subjective information. As a results, Korean firefighters demand ergonomics design of structural firefighting protective clothing which to minimize restriction of body movement and to maximize body suitability.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.319-330
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• 2006

It is imperative that pictograms as pictorial information be empirically tested in order to establish whether the users do indeed associate the appropriate referent in an actual usage situation. The experiment employing the Multiple Index Approach was conducted in a class room with 64 subjects to evaluate tourism and recreation related pictograms. Performance data(hit rate, false alarm and missing value) of 25 pictograms were collected and the average hit rate as a prime index of pictogram associativeness was 65.82%. The matrix analysis showed 14 pictograms were high in subjective certainty and subjective suitability. The other 11, which were low in both criteria may require prior learning or improvement of the pictogram designs to represent their meanings more distinctively.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.10
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• pp.520-536
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• 2021

Developed countries have developed indicators of quality of life and are using them as indicators of policy decisions, and Korea is also developing and operating indicators of people's quality of life. One of them is a lifestyle-oriented SOC, a policy that aims to improve the quality of life of the people by improving living infrastructure. This study aims to focus on subjective happiness among people's quality of life. The elderly are a relatively marginalized class in the national policy, and this study aims to analyze the effects of the elderly's residential environment on quality of life, housing satisfaction, and happiness. The purpose of this study is to provide useful implications for urban planning and related policy making by examining the structural relationship of whether the individual-environmental fit perceived by the elderly affects housing satisfaction and subjective happiness, and by analyzing the mediating effect between housing satisfaction and subjective happiness. As a result of the study, it was found that convenience, comfort, and public welfare of personal-environment suitability affect housing satisfaction and subjective happiness, and housing satisfaction affects subjective happiness. Also, it was analyzed that housing satisfaction had a mediating effect in the relationship between comfort, public welfare, and subjective feeling of happiness.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.739-748
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• 2020

In this study, a wrist protector was manufactured and designed using 3D printing technology to prevent wrist pain when riding a bicycle with a high forward-tilted saddle. The efficiency of the design was analyzed in objective and subjective evaluations. First, seven women in their twenties selected their most preferred design by subjective evaluation from among three 3D wrist protectors. Then electromyography (EMG) was measured and subjective sensations were evaluated while wearing and not wearing the preferred 3D wrist protector as selected by cyclists. Experimental results showed that a wrist-bending angle of 30 degrees was most favored. When the 3D wrist protector was worn, muscle activity was smaller at the flexor carpus radialis position than when the 3D wrist protector was not worn; muscle fatigue was also lower. In the subjective evaluation, the 3D wrist protector was more comfortable than no protector, and wrist fatigue was also lower. In addition, the wrist protector was rated positively for its design suitability, size adequacy, ease of operation, and fit; however, cyclists felt that a little more cushioning was needed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.173-178
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• 2000

Subjective correspondence among visual variables, auditory variables and vibratory feedback to a hand was experimentally examined to improve usability of a remote controller. First, we studied the correspondence among visual variables represented on a screen or auditory variables and the duration of vibratory stimulus to the subjects' hand by subjective evaluation. Subjective rating method was used in ten items; suitability, comprehensibility, ease-to-use, naturalness, variety, activity, usualness, interest, wish-to-use and feeling of pleasure. Second, to show the effects of multi-modal interface using visual sense, the sense of auditory and vibratory sense, we combined positive stereotype of visual variables and auditory variables provided with the first experiment. The results showed some stereotype between visual variables or auditory variables and duration of vibratory stimulus. Some of the variables such as size, direction of motion, hue, brightness of color and volume of sound had high correspondence with the duration of vibration.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.107-120
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• 2023

The purpose of this study was to analyze the patterns of D level protective clothing, improve their ease of movement by modifying the patterns, and validate the effectiveness of the improvements through 3D virtual fitting and subjective wearing evaluations. Based on previous studies that identified numerous complaints, the patterns of the neck, armpit, and waist areas were modified, resulting in the development of new patterns. To compare and analyze the improved protective clothing with the basic protective clothing, stress and strain were examined after 3D virtual fitting. Additionally, to assess the clothing's allowance, the overall distance between the avatar and the protective clothing, as well as the sectional circumference length and distance of each avatar body part, were measured. Furthermore, the improved protective clothing was manufactured, and a subjective wearing evaluation was conducted with ten males in their twenties as participants. The results showed that the improved protective clothing had evenly distributed stress, larger sectional circumference, and lower average cavity distance. The subjective wearing evaluation also revealed that the suit with improved patterns exhibited superior size suitability, reduced pulling sensation in different body parts, and increased ease of movement. In conclusion, this study confirmed that even minimal pattern modifications can enhance the functionality of protective clothing, alleviating discomfort for wearers.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.69-86
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• 2017

Objective: The present study is intended to develop an improved bus seat armrest design by evaluating various bus armrest designs from ergonomic aspects. Background: An ergonomic armrest design which considers the sitting postures and body shapes of passengers can improve the convenience and comfort of a bus seat. Method: Subjective satisfaction of each of five design dimensions (length, width, height from seatpan, shape, and angle) was evaluated for seven bus seat armrest designs in various sizes and shapes by 58 participants (28 males and 33 females) using a 7-point scale (1: very dissatisfied, 4: neutral, and 7: very satisfied). Improved bus seat armrest designs adjustable in length and rotatable to the left or right (sliding and rotating armrest, SRA) with a concave, flat, or convex shape of the upper part were developed by considering the preferred design features and the body size and shape in sitting posture and needs of passengers and then compared with a conventional armrest. Results: A bus seat armrest with a wide width (40~50mm), a long length (360mm), a lower height (213mm), and a curved shape was found significantly preferred in terms of comfort. The proposed armrest designs (SRA-convex, SRA-flat, and SRA-concave) improved satisfaction by 46~62% for length suitability, 184~216% for width suitability, 205~214% for angle suitability, 138~181% for contact area suitability, and 49~64% for height suitability, 138~174% for comfort, and 93~111% for overall satisfaction. Conclusion: The preferred design features and passengers' needs of bus seat armrest were identified and the SRA designs were recommended for better usability. Application: The ergonomic design process of bus seat armrest employed in the present study can be applied to designing armrests in various vehicles for better convenience and comfort.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.1153-1160
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• 2022

The application of video processing techniques are useful for the safety of nuclear power plants by tracking the people online on video to estimate the dose received by staff during work in nuclear plants. Nuclear reactors remotely visually controlled to evaluate the plant's condition using video processing techniques. Internal reactor components should be frequently inspected but in current scenario however involves human technicians, who review inspection videos and identify the costly, time-consuming and subjective cracks on metallic surfaces of underwater components. In case, if any frame of the inspection video degraded/corrupted/missed due to noise or any other factor, then it may cause serious safety issue. The problem of missing/degraded/corrupted video frame estimation is a challenging problem till date. In this paper a systematic literature review on video processing techniques is carried out, to perform their suitability analysis for NPP applications. The limitation of existing approaches are also identified along with a roadmap to overcome these limitations.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.469-474
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• 2012

The aim of this study is to develop an ergonomic design of magic saw handle considering user experiences. Background: Frequent use of hand tool can cause musculoskeletal disorders by inadequate wrist posture, excessive strength, repetitiveness, friction and pressure, vibration, etc. A hand tool that is inappropriately designed has higher risk causing musculoskeletal disorders. Complaints for the design of magic saw handle has been raised by many users according to the increasing use of magic saw. Method: Hand tool has to be designed considering worker's characteristics and task condition to prevent worker's musculoskeletal disorders. For this, user experiences for magic saw handle were measured through questionnaire survey and observation. Results: An ergonomic design of magic saw handle considering user experiences was proposed and then its design suitability was evaluated in comparison with the existing handle design using EMG and subjective evaluation. Conclusion: The proposed handle design showed higher satisfaction and lower muscular fatigue. Application: The results of this study can be effectively used to develop a new magic saw.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.27-44
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• 2003

An experiment was carried out to compare the suitability in visual tasks between flat and conventional (convex) cathode-ray tube (CRT) displays. The subjects performed visual search tasks during 2-h for detecting target words among distracters presented on the screen. The subjects' visual performance was evaluated with average time and number of errors made to complete the tasks. Visual fatigue after the search tasks was also evaluated in terms of degradations in accommodative power and subjective ratings. Difference was not found in task time between the two displays, but flat CRT showed a lower number of errors than conventional CRT. The difference in number of errors was statistically significant at 0=0.05. Although there was no difference between the displays in degradations of accommodative power, results from the subjective ratings showed that flat CRT yields less fatigue than conventional CRT. The results partially support the hypothesis that panel convexity of CRT displays has a significant effect on the performance and fatigue during visual tasks and thus flat CRT is the better display than conventional one.