• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.361-367
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• 2016

Objective: This clinical study reports on the effect of traditional Korean medicine on a patient with generalized anxiety disorder.Method: A patient who suffered from generalized anxiety disorder was treated with herbal medicine (Guibiondamtang-gami), acupuncture, moxibustion, and pharmacopuncture. We assessed the changes of anxiety-related symptoms with the state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI) score, the Beck anxiety inventory (BAI) score, a heart rate variability (HRV) test, and a second derivative of photoplethymogram waveform (SDPTG) test.Results: After taking Guibiondamtang-gami for 22 days, the patient’s STAI score, BAI score, and LF/HF (low-frequency/high-frequency heart rate variability) ratio decreased, while the differential pulse wave index and stress power in the SDPTG test increased.Conclusion: This clinical case study has demonstrated that traditional Korean medicine may be an effective option for treating generalized anxiety disorder.

• 수면정신생리
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.104-110
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• 2019

목 적 : 본 연구의 목적은 불면을 주소로 대학병원 정신건강의학과 외래를 내원한 환자들 중 불면 장애를 단독으로 진단 받은 환자 군과 불면 장애와 함께 우울 장애 또는 불안 장애를 진단 받은 환자 군들의 인구학적 특성 및 State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) 결과 차이를 살펴봄으로써, 그들의 특징들을 조사하는 것이다. 방 법 : 2006년 1월 1일부터 2018년 12월 31일까지 불면을 주소로 대학병원 정신건강의학과 외래를 내원한 환자들 중 DSM-IV-TR의 불면 장애 진단기준을 만족하는 것과 동시에 STAI를 시행했던 환자들의 기록들을 후향적으로 분석하였다. 불면 장애를 진단 받은 환자들은 주로 해당 질환만 진단받은 군, 불안 장애를 같이 진단 받은 군, 우울 장애를 함께 진단 받은 군으로 분류되었는데, 각 군들 간의 인구학적 특성 및 STAI 결과에 대하여 비교 분석하고자 하였다. 결 과 : 해당기간 동안 불면을 주소로 정신건강의학과를 방문하여 불면 장애를 진단받고, STAI를 시행한 환자는 총 329명이고, 그 중 99명은 우울 장애를, 61명은 불안 장애를 동시에 진단받았다. 세 환자 군들 사이에서 나이, 성비와 같은 인구학적 특성의 차이는 없었으며, 공통적으로 50대부터 70대의 환자들의 비율이 불면 장애만 진단받은 환자 군에서는 71.8% 우울장애 또는 불안장애를 함께 진단받은 군들은 각각 77.1%, 73.8%로 높았다. STAI-I의 평균 점수는 불면 장애와 불안장애를 함께 진단받은 군은 51.85 ± 10.16, 우울장애를 함께 진단받은 군은 54.18 ± 10.32로 불면 장애를 단독으로 진단 받은 환자 군의 평균인 44.55 ± 8.89 보다 높았으나, 불안 장애 또는 우울 장애를 함께 진단 받은 군들 사이의 차이는 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다. 이와 유사하게 STAI-II의 평균점수는 불면 장애와 불안 장애를 함께 진단받은 군은 49.98 ± 8.31, 우울 장애를 함께 진단받은 군은 53.19 ± 10.13으로 불면 장애만을 진단받은 환자들의 평균(42.71 ± 8.84) 보다 높았으나, 두 군들 간의 차이는 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다. 결 론 : 불면을 주소로 방문한 환자들 중 불면 장애 만을 진단받은 환자 군과 우울 장애 또는 불안 장애를 함께 진단 받은 환자 군들의 인구학적 특성은 유사하지만, STAI-I과 STAI-II 평균은 낮았다. 추후 이를 기반으로 동반질환 등을 포함한 다른 인구학적 특성을 반영하고, 더 많은 수의 불면장애 환자들을 대상으로 STAI-I와 II의 차이를 비교하는 것이 필요할 것 이다.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.47-54
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• 2014

Objectives: The purpose of this research was to analyze the responses of breath-counting meditations with the psychological test and the physical index. Methods: Breath-counting meditation was applied to 10 normal adults. Then, clinical research State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), State-Trait Anger eXpression Inventory (STAXI), Psychosocial Well-being Index Short Form (PWI-SF), Brief Encounter Psychosocial Instrument-Korean version (BEPSI-K), Heart Rate Variability (HRV), and Vital Signs (V/S) were carried out to analyze the responses of breath-counting meditations. Results: 1) Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) decreased on the fifteenth day of breath-counting meditation, and Body Temperature (BT) increased on the fifteenth day. In addition, respiration decreased throughout the period of breath-counting meditation. 2) Standard deviations of N-N interval and Total Power (TP) of HRV all significantly increased on the fifteenth day of breath-counting meditation. 3) Scores of STAI1, STAXI1, STAXI2, and PWI-SF decreased after the breath-counting meditation. Conclusions: The results suggested that breath-counting meditations have positive responses to anger, anxiety and stress.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.149-154
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• 2017

Objectives This study investigated associations between symptom severity and neurocognitive functions in patients with major depressive disorder using comprehensive neuropsychological tests. Methods Ten patients with low depression (LD) and 22 patients with high depression (HD) participated. Symptom severity was determined by both the Beck Depression Inventory and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. Additionally, anxiety was measured by the Korean version of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-KYZ). Ten subtests of the Korean-Wechsler Adult Intelligence scale (K-WAIS), Stroop test, the word/design fluency tests were administered to assess cognition. Results The LD and HD groups did not differ in any of cognitive measures but anxiety level. Namely, the HD group obtained significantly higher scores on the state (U = 29.50, p < 0.01) and trait (U = 28.50, p < 0.001) anxiety scales than the LD group. A significant interaction effect between trait anxiety and depression severity was observed on the picture arrangement subtest of the K-WAIS [F (1, 27) = 5.09, p < 0.05]. Conclusions Cognitive deficits observed in patients with major depressive disorder may be related to other factors rather than current symptom severity. Trait anxiety possibly moderates the effect of current symptom severity on social judgment in these patients.

• 대한한의정보학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.29-37
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• 2013

Objectives: This case report presents a 29-years-old male patient. His chief complaint was insomnia, anxiety and chest discomfort. We diagnosed him with sleep disorder. During the therapeutic period, he experienced temporary improvement. Methods: We treated him with emotional freedom techniques(EFT), giungoren-therapy. Also, acupuncture and chuna therapy were accessorily practiced. The effects of treatment were measured by Beck depression inventory(BDI), state-trait anxiety inventory(STAI), insomnia severity index(ISI). Results: After treatment, the chief complaint have been subsided and improved. But, BDI, STAI, ISI score were not remarkably decreased. Conclusions: This result suggests that EFT and giungoren-therapy might be effective for sleep disorder patient with anxiety.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.73-81
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• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to show that patients taking antidepressants significantly respond to Korean medical treatments and M&L psychotherapy. Methods: We treated two patients with Korean medical treatments (acupuncture, moxibustion and Herbal Medicine) and psychotherapy including M&L psychotherapy and Li-Gyeung-Byun-Qi therapy. The patients were diagnosed based on DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for MDD. Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck's Anxiety Inventory (BAI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) were used to evaluate the patients. Results: The following observations were made after treatments: Case 1: the patient showed significant improvement in Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck's Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Case 2: the patient showed significant improvement in Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Conclusions: These results suggest that Korean medical treatments and M&L psychotherapy might be effective for treating patients suffering from MDD.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.131-137
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of a standardized special ethanol extract from Gynostemma pentaphyllum as a management for anxiety and stress of normal population. This is a two-arm, parallelgroup, randomized, double blind clinical trial comparing Gynostemma pentaphyllum extract 200 mg bid (GP-EX, n=48) or placebo bid (n=54). The main outcome measures were the decrease in anxiety sensitivity index (ASI), the State version (S-STAI) of the Stait-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and the Trait version (T-STAT) of the STAI from baseline over a 6 weeks treatment period. In more anxious group (S-STAI50 or ASI19), the anxiety in group with GP-EX was decreased significantly than one in normal population with placebo [S-STAI50: T-STAI = from $57.7{\pm}6.5$ ($mean{\pm}S.D.$) to $46.8{\pm}11.2$ in normal population with GP-EX, p=0.002 vs. from $54.1{\pm}9.9$ to $49.0{\pm}9.6$ in normal population with placebo, p>0.05; ASI19: T-STAI = from $47.2{\pm}12.0$ to $42.4{\pm}11.1$ in normal population with GP-EX, p=0.022 vs. from $48.7{\pm}11.5$ to $46.0{\pm}10.4$ in normal population with placebo, p>0.05]. The most frequently reported adverse reactions considered possibly related to treatment were mild gastrointestinal events. GP-EX is more effective than placebo and is well tolerated as a therapy for anxiety and stress of normal population.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.375-380
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to understand anxiety in patients undergoing third molar extraction and care patients of third molar extraction. The subjects in the study were Sixty-three patients who visited the department of dentistry at Pusan Paik Hospital from May 2006 to September 2006 and who underwent third molar extraction. Patients' anxiety(state anxiety and trait anxiety) to use Spielberger's state-trait anxiety inventory(STAI) were measured. They were asked to fill out STAI question paper immediately before third molar extraction(pre-extraction) and on the day after the extraction(post-extraction). And visual analog scale(VAS) to measure patient's postoperative pain on the day after extraction(postextraction day) was used. Then Differences in anxiety before and after extraction, between men and women, between the first and second extraction, with impacted versus non impacted third molar extraction, between extraction time and anxiety, and between postoperative pain and anxiety were evaluated. The anxiety status of patients undergoing third molar extraction could be quantitatively evaluated using the STAI-KYZ. There were significant difference before and after third molar extraction. Especially women and patients of more severe postoperative pain was more anxious. We need to alleviate patient's anxiety(especially women) and to control postoperative pain throughout the tooth removal process.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.641-647
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• 2000

Objective : The purpose of this study was to examine the mood disorder, especially depression and anxiety which have an effect on rehabilitation in stroke patients. Methods : Subjects were 32 stroke patients who were inpatients and outpatients at Woosuk University oriental hospital. The degree of depression and anxiety was measured by the Beck Depression Inventory(BDI) and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory(STAI, State Anxiety Inventory : SAI, Trait Anxiety Inventory: TAI). Other questionnaire included sex, age, onset of stroke, degree of education, econommic class, religion, relationship with family, expectancy on treatment, side of hemiplegia, weakness grade of hemiplegia. Results : Results were as follows. 1. The average scores of SAI, TAI and BDI were 45.7, 46.7 and 19.9. The percentages of patients who had relatively high SAI, TAI and BDI scores were 75%(>36 point), 87.5%(>36 point) and 56.2%(>16 point). 2. SAI was correlated with onset of stroke(p<0.05), religion and relationship with family(p<0.1 ), TAI with religion and BDI with weakness grade of hemiplegia(P

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.33-42
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• 2023

Objectives: This study was conducted to observe the progression of symptoms according to the treatment period of patients with social anxiety disorder who received complex Korean medicine treatment. Methods: The medical records of 25 patients who were diagnosed with social anxiety disorder according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, and received complex Korean medicine treatment (herbal medicine, acupuncture, and Korean psychotherapy) for 12 weeks were analyzed. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), the Korean-Social Avoidance and Distress scale (K-SAD), and the Korean-Fear of Negative Evaluation (K-FNE) were measured at the initial hospital visit and during the 4, 8, and 12 weeks of treatment to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment. Missing values were replaced with the average evaluation index value at that time. Results: 1) Statistically significant changes in STAI-X1, STAI-X2, BDI-II, BAI, K-SAD, and K-FNE scores were seen according to the time of treatment. 2) When scores were compared between each treatment time point, STAI-X2 and BDI-II showed statistically significant changes between the initial visit and four weeks of treatment, the initial visit and eight weeks of treatment, and the initial visit and 12 weeks of treatment. STAI-X1 and K-FNE showed statistically significant changes between the initial visit and eight weeks of treatment and the initial visit and 12 weeks of treatment. There was a statistically significant change in BAI scores between the initial visit and the 12th week of treatment. Conclusions: Complex Korean medicine treatment alleviated anxiety, depression, fear, and avoidance of social situation symptoms in patients with social anxiety disorder. The longer the treatment period, the more symptoms tended to be alleviated. However, the evidence should be supplemented with prospective, controlled research.