• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.137-144
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• 2024

Purpose: Laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy (LPG) is a viable choice for treating proximal gastric lesions. However, the occurrence of severe reflux has limited its widespread adoption. To address this issue, the double flap technique (DFT), which incorporates artificial lower esophageal sphincteroplasty, has been developed to prevent reflux problems after proximal gastrectomy. In this study, we aimed to investigate the usefulness of this technique using high-resolution manometry (HRM), impedance pH monitoring, and esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). Materials and Methods: The findings of pre- and postoperative 6-month HRM, pH monitoring, and EGD were compared for 9 patients who underwent LPG with DFT for various proximal gastric lesions at Incheon St. Mary's Hospital from January 2021 to December. Results: A total of 9 patients underwent proximal gastrectomy. Approximately half of the patients had Hill's grade under II preoperatively, whereas all patients had Hill's grades I and II in EGD findings. In the HRM test, there was no significant difference between distal contractile integral (1,412.46±1,168.51 vs. 852.66±495.62 mmHg·cm·s, P=0.087) and integrated relaxation pressure (12.54±8.97 vs. 8.33±11.30 mmHg, P=0.27). The average lower esophageal sphincter (LES) pressure was 29.19±14.51 mmHg preoperatively, which did not differ from 19.97±18.03 mmHg after the surgery (P=0.17). DeMeester score (7.02±6.36 vs. 21.92±36.17, P=0.21) and total acid exposure time (1.49±1.48 vs. 5.61±10.17, P=0.24) were slightly higher, but the differences were not statistically significant. Conclusions: There is no significant functional difference in HRM and impedance pH monitoring tests after DFT. DFT appears to be useful in preserving LES function following proximal gastrectomy.

• 한국환경과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경과학회 2004년도 봄 학술발표회 발표논문집
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• pp.249-251
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• 2004

감천항 3개 지점에서 조사된 식물플랑크톤은 3강 46속 98종류였는데 Bacillario-phyceae가 34속 76종류(77.6%), Dinophyceae 9속 17종류(17.3%, Chrysophycese 3속 5종류(5.1%)였다. 항 내에서 출현한 종은 모두 85종류로 항 외에서 출현한 94종류보다 적은 종이 출현하였고 규조류는 항 내에서, 와편모조류는 항 외에서 많이 출현하는 경향을 보였다. 계절별로는 가을에 62종류로 가장 많이 출현하였고 겨울에 45종류로 가장 적게 출현하였다. 지점별 현존량은 1,434(Feb. 2003; st. 3)~최고 17,708 cell/ml(Aug. 2003; st. 1)의 범위였고 여름철에 규조류(특히, Pseudonitzschia pungens와 Chaetoceros curvisetus 등)의 현존량이 많았다. 그리고 Pseudonitzschia pungens는 여름에 항 내에서 8,133 cell/ml로 가장 높은 현존량을 보였고 항 외에서도 4,000 cell/ml 이상 높은 현존량을 보였다, 본 조사기산 동안 출현한 주요종은 1,000 cell/ml 이상 출현한 우점종으로, Chaetoceros curvisetus, Chaetoceros debilis, Pseudonitzschia pungens, Skeletonema costatum, Stephanopyxis turris 등 5종, 출현빈번종은 Chaetoceros curvisetus, Chaetoceros lorenzianus, Skeletonema costatum, Thalassiosira hyalina 등 4종, 4계절 모두 출현한 종은 Chaetoceros didymus var. anhlica 외 13종이었으며 적조원인종도 Ceratium furca 외 13종으로 조사되어 항 내의 주기적인 조사가 필요할 것으로 판단되었다. 군집분석으로 우점도지수는 최저 0.205~최고 0.616였고 종다양성지수는 최저 0.213~최고 0.597로 나타났다.

• 한국분말야금학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국분말야금학회 2003년도 춘계학술강연 및 발표대회
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• pp.23-23
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• 2003

분말야금된 소결체의 가장 큰 특징 중의 하나는 피할 수 없는 소결체의 기공이다. 이러한 기공이 기계적 특성에 미치는 영향에 관해서는 많은 연구가 오래 전부터 진행되었었다. 그러나 기존의 연구는 거의 대부분 일반 분말야금에 의한 것이고 분말사출성형된 소결체의 기공율과 기계적 특성 광계는 거의 연구가 이루어 지지 않았다. 본 연구에서는 기공율의 조절이 용이한 분말사출성형 공정을 이용하여 소결 초기부터 완전 치밀화에 가까운 조직까지 다양한 소경율의 시편을 만들어 기계적 특성에 미치는 순수기공의 영향은 조사하기 위해 다음과 같이 조사하고자 하였다. 사출성형에 사용된 재료는 고강도 이며 내식성이 뛰어난 17-4 PH STS이고 평균 입경은 10mm였다. 열분해와 소결은 수소 분위기에서 행하였으며 소결온도는 900~$1350^{\circ}C$였다. 연구수행을 통해 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 기공율과 기계적 특성의 관계는 닫힌 기공이 지배하는 고밀도 영역과 열린 기공이 지배하는 저밀도 영역을 분리하여 해석해야한다. 2. 저밀도 영역에서의 기공율과 강도의 관계는 넥 성장에 따른 load bearing area의 증가로 나타낼 수 있고 아래와 같다. $\frac{\delta}{\delta_o}=1-\frac{P}{P_i}$ 3. 고밀도 영역에서의 기공율과 강도의 관계는 소결 현상과 초기 충진율을 고려한 ideal pore모델을 도입하였고 아래와 같이 나타났다. $\frac{\delta}{\delta_o}=1-1.95(P_i\;{\cdot}\;P)^{2/3}$

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.89-99
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• 2006

The growth and biomass of reeds(Phragmites australis) growing in a subsurface treatment wetland system were investigated from April 2003 to October 2003. Nitrogen(N) and phosphorous(P) concentrations in above-ground(AG) and below-ground(BG) tissues of reeds were examined and the removal rate of N and P by reeds were analyzed. The system, 29 m in length, 9 m in width and 0.65 m in depth, was constructed in June 2001 on a floodplain in the down reach of the Kwangju Stream in Korea in order to purify polluted water of the stream. A bottom layer of 45 cm in depth was filled with crushed granites(15~30 mm in diameter) and a middle layer of 10 cm in depth was filled with pea pebbles(10 mm in diameter). An upper layer of 5 cm contained course sand. Reeds were transplanted on the surface of the system, which were dug out of natural wetlands, and their shoots were trimmed 40 cm in height. The height and density of the shoots averaged 237.7 cm and 244.0 shoot/$m^2$, respectively, when the reeds grew fully. The maximum biomass of AG and BG tissues were 1,964 and 1,577 g/$m^2$, respectively, and the AG : BG ratio of biomass was 1.26. Mean AG and BG dry weights were recorded as 1,355 and 748 g/$m^2$, respectively. The AG and BG tissue concentrations of N averaged 12.37 and 10.01 mg/g, respectively, and those of P 2.37 and 2.03 mg/g, respectively. Inflow to the system averaged 40 $m^3$/day. The concentrations of total nitrogen(T-N) in influent and effluent were 8.4 mg/L and 3.2 mg/L, respectively, and those of total phosphorous(T-P) were 0.73 and 0.38 mg/L, respectively. The total removal of T-N and T-P by the system during the investigation period averaged 140.2 and 9.7 g/$m^2$, respectively, and the total uptake of N and P by the reeds were calculated as 24.39 and 4.73 g/$m^2$, respectively. Average removals of about 17% of N and about 49% of P by reeds were recorded. The N and P concentrations in AG tissues were significantly different among the three zones of the system:near to inflow(St1), in the middle of system(St2), and near to outflow(St3). The N and P concentrations in BG tissues were also significantly different among St1, St2 and St3. N and P concentrations in AG and BG tissues of reeds growing in St1 were higher than those in St2 and St3. The height and density of shoots of reeds in St1 were larger than those in St2 and St3. Significant amounts of N and P in the influent were taken up by reeds in St1.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.287-295
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• 2018

Purpose: The surgical outcomes of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients undergoing radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer were inferior compared with those of non-ESRD patients. This study aimed to evaluate the short- and long-term surgical outcomes of ESRD patients undergoing laparoscopic gastrectomy (LG) and open gastrectomy (OG) for gastric cancer. Materials and Methods: Between 2004 and 2014, 38 patients (OG: 21 patients, LG: 17 patients) with ESRD underwent gastrectomy for gastric cancer. Comparisons were made based on the clinicopathological characteristics, surgical outcomes, and long-term survival rates. Results: No significant differences were noted in the clinicopathological characteristics of either group. LG patients had lower estimated blood loss volumes than OG patients (LG vs. OG: 94 vs. 275 mL, P=0.005). The operation time and postoperative hospital stay were similar in both the groups. The postoperative morbidity for LG and OG patients was 41.1% and 33.3%, respectively (P=0.873). No significant difference was observed in the long-term overall survival rates between the 2 groups (5-year overall survival, LG vs. OG: 82.4% vs. 64.7%, P=0.947). Conclusions: In ESRD patients, LG yielded non-inferior short- and long-term surgical outcomes compared to OG. Laparoscopic procedures might be safely adopted for ESRD patients who can benefit from the advantages of minimally invasive surgery.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.59-67
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to provide essential data necessary to assess ecological flow requirements by understanding habitat conditions for fish species through monitoring an ecological environment in the Korea stream (Dal Stream) and building related database. On-site surveys were conducted for identifying ecological and habitat conditions at the four monitoring sites. Fish sampling was carried out at the selected four sites (St.) during the period ranging from September, 2008 to September, 2009. At the four sampling sites, we measured water surface elevation, depth and velocity at the cross-sections. Optimal Ecological Flowrates (OEFs) were estimated using the Habitat Suitability Index (HSI) established for four fish species Zacco koreanus (St.1), Pungtungia herzi (St.2), Coreoleuciscus splendidus (St.3), and Zacco platypus (St.4) selected as icon species using the Physical HABitat SIMulation system (PHABSIM). Eighteen species (56.3%) including Odontobutis interrupta, Coreoperca herzi and C. splendidus were found endemic out of the 32 species in eight families sampled during this study period. The endangered species was collected Acheilognathus signifier, Pseudopungtungia tenuicorpa and Gobiobotia macrocephala, and this relative abundance was 9.4%. The most frequently found one was Z. platypus (31.3%) followed by C. splendidus (17.6%) and Z. koreanus (15.7%). The estimated IBI values ranged from 27.3 to 34.3 with average being 30.3 out of 50, rendering the site ecologically poor to fair health conditions. For C. splendidus (St.3), the dominant fish species in the stream, the favored habitat conditions were estimated to be 0.3-0.5 m for water depth, 0.4-0.7 m/s for flow velocity and sand-cobbles for substrate size, respectively. An OEFs of 8.5 m³/s was recommended for the representative fish species at the St.3.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.144-154
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• 2018

서울시 한강 어류군집 특성 분석을 위해 2016년 6월부터 2017년 3월까지 조사하였다. 조사기간 동안 5개 조사지점에서 출현한 어종은 총 17과 56종이었다. 기수역에 주로 서식하는 웅어 (Coilia nasus), 밀자개 (Leiocassis nitidus), 점농어 (Lateolabrax maculata), 강주걱양태(Repomucenus olidus), 꺽정이 (Trachidermus fasciatus), 숭어 (Mugil cephalus), 가숭어 (Chelon haematocheilus), 풀망둑 (Synechogobius hastus), 민물두줄망둑 (Tridentiger bifasciatus), 황복 (Takifugu obscurus) 등이 출현하였다. 회유성 어종인 뱀장어 (Anguilla japonica), 웅어, 은어(Plecoglossus altivelis), 빙어(Hypomesus nipponensis), 황복 등이 출현하였다. 한반도 고유종은 11종 (17.9%)로 매우 낮은 비율을 차지하였다. 국외에서 도입된 어종은 유럽잉어 (Cyprinus carpio nudus), 떡붕어 (Carassius cuvieri), 백련어 (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix), 단두어 (Megalobrama amblycephala), 블루길(Lepomis macrochirus), 배스 (Micropterus salmoides) 등 6종 (10.7%)이었다. 각 조사지점별 우점종은 가시납지리 (Acheilognathus gracilis, St. 1)와 누치 (Hemibarbus labeo, St. 2, 3, 4, 5)이었다. 수질 내성도 guild에서 민감종의 상대풍부도는 3종 (7.1%), 중간종은 24종 (42.9%), 내성종은 28종 (50.0%)로 내성종이 매우 높았다. 섭식특성 gulid에서 충식성은 20종 (35.7%), 잡식성 18종 (32.1%), 육식성 14종(25.0%), 초식성 4종(7.1%)으로 충식성과 잡식성 어종이 매우 풍부하였다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.235-246
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• 2023

본 연구에서 연구진은 메타버스와 디지털 교육과 관련된 전문가들의 경험과 직관을 바탕으로 델파이조사 방법론을 적용하여 교육용 메타버스 개발을 위한 제언을 제시하였다. 델파이 조사에 참여한 전문가는 1차, 17명, 2차, 16명이며, 자료수집은 2022년 1월 중에 진행되었고, 1차는 1월 5일에서 1월 10일까지, 2차는 1월 12일부터 1월 17일까지 전자우편으로 발송되고 회송되었다. 면담자료는 개방형 질문이었던 1차 조사에 대해 내용 분석(content analysis)방법을 사용하여 분석하였고, 1차 조사 결과 7개의 질문(미래 교육에 있어서 메타버스 교육 플랫폼의 필요성, 메타버스에서 미래 인재에게 필요한 역량을 향상시키는 교육 방법, 메타버스 플랫폼을 활용한 교육 시에 발생할 수 있는 문제점, 교육용 메타버스 플랫폼이 갖춰야 할 기능, 교육용 메타버스 플랫폼 활용 시 필요한 인프라 및 환경, 학습공간으로서 메타버스의 효율적인 활용 방법, 교육용 메타버스 플랫폼에서 진행하면 효율적일 교과 및 교육 콘텐츠)에 대해 120개의 하위 항목이 도출되었다. 2차 조사는 7개 질문에 대한 하위 항목들에 대해 5점 척도의 동의 정도를 표시하여 각 항목에 대한 응답자들의 평균을 구해 7개 영역의 하위요인들의 순위를 매겼다. 연구 결과를 토대로 교육용 메타버스 구축을 위한 제언을 기술하였고, 마지막으로 연구의 한계점과 후속 연구의 제안을 제시하였다.

• 대한상부위장관⦁헬리코박터학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.180-185
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• 2018

Background/Aims: We aimed to compare the outcomes of Helicobacter pylori eradication in patients receiving sequential therapy (ST) depending on the use of ecabet sodium (ES). Materials and Methods: Between January to December 2015, 176 patients randomly received either ST alone (n=72) or 10-day ES therapy combined with ST (n=104). After applying the exclusion criteria, 56 patients were finally assigned to the ST-only group and 84 to the ST with ES group. We retrospectively reviewed and analyzed the H. pylori eradication rate and adverse events between the two groups. Results: Among the 140 patients, 121 (86.4%) achieved successful H. pylori eradication and 24 (17.1%) had adverse events. Eradication was achieved in 50 patients (89.3%) in the ST-only group and in 71 patients (84.5%) in the ST with ES group (P=0.420). No significant difference in the incidence of adverse events was found between the ST-only and ST with ES groups (12.5% vs. 20.2%, respectively; P=0.234). However, the ST with ES group tended to have a higher prevalence of nausea or vomiting than the ST-only group (11.9% vs. 1.8%; P=0.050). Conclusions: ST showed a good H. pylori eradication rate without deteriorating the adverse events regardless of adding ES.

• 혜화의학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.33-40
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• 2006

Objectives : This study is aimed to investigate acupuncture treatments for blurred vision, tinnitus, difficulty in urination and bi-syndrome caused by aging process through oriental medical documents. methods : We researched 21 oriental medical classics for the acupuncture treatments of blurred vision, tinnitus, difficulty in urination and bi-syndrome caused by aging or deficiency. Results & conclusions : 1. Disharmony between yin and yang, disharmony between organs, disharmony of essence, qi, spirit, blood and body fluid are the main features of aging. 2. ST36, BL18, BL10, CV24, ST1, BL23 have been most frequently used for acupuncture to treat blurred vision caused by aging. For moxibustion, ST36 has been most frequently used. 3. GB2, TE21, TE17, SI19, TE3 are the mainly used points for acupuncture to treat tinnitus and deafness caused by aging. For moxibustion, LI1 and BL15 have been most frequently used. 4. CV3, CV7, CV4, BL67, LR8, LR4 have been most frequently used to treat difficulty in urination caused by aging. 5. LI11, GB34, GB30, LI4, ST36, TE10, TE5, Sama (extra point) have been most frequently used to treat numbness, paralysis and bi syndrome caused by aging.