• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제60권4호
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• pp.123-132
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reduction effect of non point source (NPS) pollution in Haean highland agricultural catchment ($62.8km^2$) for 13 BMP scenarios under RCP (Representative Concentration Pathway) 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios. Under the present climate condition, the BMP (best management practices) reduction efficiency of SS (suspended solid), T-N (total nitrogen), and T-P (total phosphorus) showed +25.7%, +4.2%, and +16.1% for VFS (vegetative filter strip), +0.1%, +15.6%, and +5.7% for FC (fertilizer control), and +6.3%, -2.9%, and +3.9% for RSM (rice straw mulching) respectively. In general, effective was the best for SS and T-P reductions, and the FC was the best for T-N reduction. The negative effect of T-N on RSM was induced by increase in infiltration and solute transport to baseflow. Under the future climate change scenarios, the SS, T-N, and T-P reduction efficiency showed the range of +1.9~+11.6%, -1.9~+0.2%, and +5.3~+11.9% respectively. The 3 BMPs (VFS, FC, and RSM) application in the future showed negative and little differences (-0.5~+1.6%) for SS and T-N reduction efficiencies while T-P reduction efficiency showed +0.3~+7.6% comparing with the baseline period. To achieve an increase in the reduction efficiency of future SS and T-N by +2~+10%, the combined application of more than two BMPs is necessary.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제52권6호
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• pp.95-100
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• 2010

Researchers developed Sediment Trap Drain Channel (STDC) as a solution of the reduction of soil erosion and muddy runoff from a alpine field. The STDC is the one that can take a role of grit chamber by installing the shield made of woods in the concrete channel. The study was conducted 8 kinds of stages according to the amount of soil loss and the inflow. Evaluation factors were ss concentration, turbidity and reduced soil. The results of study showed lessness of ss concentration and turbidity from the lower spot than the upper spot. The average reduction rate of ss concentration was 74 % and the average reduction rate of turbidity was 62 %. It was turned out that the performance related soil loss and muddy runoff of the STDC is effective. The governance was needed to expect the effectiveness of the STDC.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.19-27
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• 2012

The objective of this study was to test the pollutant reduction effect by the silt fence and vegetated ridge through field monitoring. The experiment plots were established with two replication and three treatments. Each plot was designed with 5 m width, 22 m length, and 3 % slope. Flumes with the floating type stage gages were installed at the outlet of each plot to monitor the runoff. For a rainfall monitoring, tipping bucket rain gage was installed within the experiment site. Cultivated crops were spring daikon and autumn chinese cabbage. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated that the water quality concentration from three experiment plots were not significantly different in 5 % of significant level. The monitoring results showed that the average pollution loads reduced by silt fence compared to control were SS 75.33 %, TN 40.87 %, TP 56.58 %, BOD 52.12 %, COD 36.07 %, TOC 34.99 %; by vegetated ridge compard to control were SS 65.27 %, TN 81.80 %, TP 54.26 %, BOD 67.09 %, COD 46.55 %, TOC 43.30 %. Analysis of Spearman's rank correlation coefficient showed that BOD-SS and SS-Turbidity were highly related at the silt fence and vegetated ridge plots. In all plots, SS-Turbidity and TP-TN relations were relatively high. The monitoring results showed that the silt fence and vegetated ridge were effect method to reduce the pollutant loads from the field runoff. Long-term monitoring is required to obtain more quantitative reduction effect for diverse crops and to increase the reliability of results.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.842-845
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• 2008

This study was carried out to investigate the bactericidal efficacy of concentration (0.1, 0.2, and 0.4 ppm) and exposure time (10 and 30 min) of ozone on bacterial reduction rate of Salmonella typhimurium KCTC 2541 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 13515 in the distilled water (DW), and DW supplemented with 0.2% soluble starch (SS), and metal ion (MC) using argentums (Ag) and copper (Cu). The significant bactericidal differences of S. aureus were showed in the treatments of DW and SS, respectively, at the concentration of ozone above 0.1 ppm for 10 min, comparing the respective initial bacterial counts. The bacterial reduction of S. aureus was more sensitive than that of S. typhimurum at the same concentration of ozone. The bacterial reduction rate of SS treatment was slightly lower than that of DW treatment at the same concentration of ozone (p<0.05), however, the bacterial reduction rate of strains improved in the MC treatment compared to the DW treatment at the same concentration of ozone.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 1997년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1028-1031
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• 1997

The SS (Semi-solid) diecasters usually cany out the SS d~ecastmg experiments before producing new products. At the SS diecasting stages, the runner-gate part is always repeatedly corrected, which leads to a lengthened processing time and increased processing cost. The SS diecasting die design should consider component system factors. such as runner, gate, biscuit, overflow and airvent. A large amount of experience is essential in manual assessment and if the design is defective, much time and a great deal of efforts will be wasted in the modification of the d~e. Thus human negligence should be minimized. In this study, die design system for SS diecasting process has been developed to present algonthm of die design, especially runner-gate system. In addition, specific rules and equations for runner-gate system have been presented to avoid too many trials and errors with expensive equipment. It is possible for engineers to be efficient die design of SS diecasting and it will result in reduction of expense and time to be required. And we developed CAD system for SS diecasting die design by AutoLISP language under AutoCAD using proposed algorithm and the database. In addition, we developed the vector analysis program for filling pattern of SS metals.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.813-821
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• 2011

While various aspects affect river water quality, reduction of water flow rate during dry seasons is one of the most significant factors causing severe water pollution in river water environment. The aim of this study is to investigate the feasibility of applying a physicochemical method (sand filtration + ozonation) for improving river water quality within a short period. The parameters analyzed and assessed were $COD_{cr}$, BOD, SS and color. The source river water had a severe pollution level showing COD 8.8~17.2 mg/L (ave. 11.9 mg/L), BOD 4.8~13.3 mg/L (ave. 8.3 mg/L), SS 9.0~22.1 mg/L (ave. 12.8 mg/L) and color 34.4~77.1 degree (ave. 56.5 degree) during the experimental periods. The variation trends showed a relatively low correlation between BOD and COD and between color and COD, while SS showed very low correlation with other parameters. The combined process of sand filtration and ozonation showed averaged removal efficiency of COD 37.2%, BOD 48.4%, SS 60.1% and colority 45.1%, respectively. The marked change of BOD level from 8.3 mg/L to 4.3 mg/L under the experimental conditions in this study implied the improvement of class V to class III set by the river water quality standard in Korea.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제57권2호
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• pp.196-210
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• 2024

본 연구에서는 정향과 마가목 복합물 (SS)의 항비만 효과를 알아보기 위해 실험을 진행하였다. SS 투여는 3T3-L1 세포 내 TG와 TC가 유의적으로 감소하는 효과를 나타냈으며, 지질 합성 관련 유전자와 지방산 산화 관련 유전자 발현을 조절하는 효과를 보여주었다. 비만이 유도된 C57BL/6 mice에서 SS 투여는 혈청 내 leptin 호르몬 수치를 감소시켰으며, AMPK/ACC/SREBP-1 경로를 경유하여 TG 합성을 억제하였다. 또한, 조직병리학적 분석을 통해 지질 축적과 지방세포의 크기가 감소된 것을 확인하였다. 따라서 SS는 비만의 예방과 치료를 위한 잠재력을 갖춘 소재로 사료된다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제22권7호
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• pp.928-935
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• 2012

본 연구는 동물성지방 대체물질로서 홍화씨(Carthamus tinctorius L.)의 첨가가 분쇄돈육의 이화학적 품질특성에 미치는 영향을 검토하였다. 분쇄돈육은 돈육등심 68%, 냉수 10%, 소금 2%에 돼지지방 20%(control), 돼지지방 10%와 홍화씨 10%(10% SS) 그리고 홍화씨 20%(20% SS)를 첨가하여 제조하였다. 생육 및 가열육의 수분, 단백질 및 회분함량은 20% SS가 가장 높았고, 지방함량은 대조군이 가장 높았다(p<0.05). 수율, 수분보유율, 지방보유율 및 보수력은 20% SS가 가장 높았으며, 직경감소율은 대조군이 가장 높았다. 외부 및 내부의 명도(L-value), 적색도(a-value) 및 황색도(b-value)는 대조군이 10% SS 및 20% SS보다 유의하게 높았다(p<0.05). 콜레스테롤 함량은 대조군, 10% SS 및 20% SS가 각각 50.85, 21.77 및 17.91 mg/100 g으로 20% SS가 가장 낮았다(p<0.05). Linoleic acid 함량은 대조군, 10% SS 및 20% SS가 각각 28.68%, 41.04% 및 54.26%이었다. 전체 불포화지방산 함량은 대조군, 10% SS 및 20% SS가 각각 50.53%, 55.76% 및 64.93%이었다. 지방산 조성에서 linoleic acid 및 전체 불포화지방산 함량은 20% SS가 가장 높았다(p<0.05). 아미노산 조성은 시료들 사이에 유의한 차이가 없었다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.474-480
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• 2017

This study was to estimate the reduction effect of nonpoint source pollutants according to the rainfall intensity and drainage of infiltration grate inlet. Soil infiltration flow was measured on-site and SS load by the filter part was calculated by the experimental data in laboratory reactor test. Soil infiltration flow was measured to be about $1m^3/hr$ in soil condition saturated with water. The filter part of the infiltration grate inlet was a hydraulic equipment unhindered by soil infiltration on the bottom of the storage tank, because the infiltration flow was measured to be about $3m^3/hr$ continuously in the closing infiltration hole condition. Infiltration flow and SS load were over about $1m^3/hr$ and 1.71 kg according to laboratory results by the filter part using the artifical sample. Therefore, the above values could be presented as the limitted value to start the reduction of filtration effect. Reduction efficiencies of SS load by the filter part for the rainfall intensity were about 87 % at 5 mm/hr and about 61 % at 10 mm/hr in consideration of one infiltration grate inlet got the drainage area about $200m^2$. The reduction efficiency of nonpoint source pollutants was very effective in the first flush rainfall. However, the reduction efficiency by rainfall density was higher than by flow.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제27권9호
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• pp.911-916
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 하수가 관거를 유하하면서 물리, 화학, 생물학적 반응을 통하여 오염물질이 제거되는 특성을 평가하기 위하여 실제 관거를 대상으로 상, 하류수질변화를 분석하고 관거 퇴적물의 입경변화와 오염물함유량을 평가하였다. 상류와 하류가 2.4 km 떨어진 두 지점에서 24시간 연속 채취된 시료에 대한 DOC 분석결과 상하류의 농도차이는 $-5.8{\sim}18.6\;mg/L$의 범위를 보였다. 상류측 평균 DOC농도를 기준으로 8.4%가 감소하였으며, 관거길이당 감소율은 2.3 mg/L/km, 평균체류시간에 의한 감소율은 0.093 mg/L/min으로 나타났다. SS의 경우 상류와 하류간의 수질차는 $-10.5{\sim}34.6\;mg/L$, 평균 SS 농도차는 13.3 mg/L, 상류수질을 기준으로 10.4%정도 감소하였으며 관거길이당 감소율은 5.5 mg/L/km, 평균체류시간에 의한 감소율은 0.22 mg/L/min으로 DOC에 비하여 약 2배 정도 높은 감소율을 나타내었다. 침입수/유입수를 고려하여 DOC, SS의 누적오염부하를 비교한 결과, DOC의 경우 일누적오염부하를 기준으로 상류 1,230 kg/d, 하류 1,167 kg/d으로 5.2%가 감소하였고, SS의 경우 상류 2,371kg/d, 하류는 2,186 kg/d로 7.8% 감소하였다. 이러한 결과는 하수를 처리장까지 수송하튼 관거시스템내에서 오염부하의 일부가 제거되고 있음을 보여주는 것이며, 하수처리장의 설계 및 운영시 관거를 통한 감소영향을 고려하는 것이 필요함을 알 수 있다.