• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.61-64
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• 2008

$Pr_{0.3}Sr_{0.7}Co_{0.3}Fe_{0.7}O_{3-\delta}$ (PSCF3737) was prepared and characterized as a cathode material for intermediate temperature-operating solid oxide fuel cell (IT-SOFC). X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS), and electrical property measurement were carried out to study cathode performance of the material. XPS and EXAFS results proved that oxygen vacancy concentration was decreased and lattice constants of the perovskite structure material were increased by doping Fe up to 70 mol% at B-site of the crystal structure, which also extended the distance between oxygen and neighbor atoms. Thermal expansion coefficient (TEC) of PSCF3737 is smaller than that of $Pr_{0.3}Sr_{0.7}CoO_{3-\delta}$(PSC37) due to lower oxygen vacancy concentration. PSCF3737 showed better cathode performance than PSC37. It might be due good adhesion by a smaller difference of TEC between $Gd_{0.1}Ce_{0.9}O_2$ (CGO91) and electrode. Composite material PSCF3737-CGO91 showed better compatibility of TEC than PSCF3737. However, PSCF3737-CGO91 did not represent higher electrochemical property than PSCF3737 due to decreased reaction sites by CGO91.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.270-275
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• 2010

In a conventional opportunistic transmit (COT) cooperative relaying system, only the relays that receive signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) from the source and that exceed the threshold transmit to the destination. The COT system, however, only considers the SNR of the source-relay (S-R) path regardless that the SNR of the relay-destination (R-D) path is the opportunistic transmission condition. For that reason, it is not guaranteed that all the transmitted signals from relays exceed the threshold at the destination. Therefore we propose a double opportunistic transmit (DOT) cooperative relaying system - when both of the received SNR from a source and from a destination exceed the threshold, the relay transmits to the destination. It is shown that the proposed DOT system reduces power consumption by 6.9, 20.9, 32.4, and 41.4 % for K =3, 5, 7, and 9, respectively under the given condition of $P_{out}=1{\times}10^{-3}$ and $\overline{\gamma}_{SR}/\Gamma_{SR}$=30 dB, compared to the COT system. We noticed that the performance of the DOT system is superior to that of the COT system for the identical number of active transmit relays under the same condition of the normalized average SNR of $\overline{\gamma}_{RD}/\Gamma_{RD}$.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제28권1B호
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• pp.18-26
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• 2003

광대역 액세스 망에서 합류, 분배 지점에서의 효율을 고려한 PON(Passive Optical Network)의 설계는 중요한 관심거리가 되고 있다. PON 구조는 매우 간단하지만, 가입자들에서 발생하는 상향 트래픽 제어를 위해서는 매체 접근 제어 프로토콜이 필요하다 본 논문에서는 여러 트래픽 글래스를 지원하는 ATM-PON을 사용하는 광대역 액세스 망을 위한 Request-Counter MAC 프로토콜을 제시한다. 제안된 매체 접근 제어 프로토콜을 위해 ITU-TG 983을 기반으로 하여 Grant Field 형식과 Minislot 형식, 그리고 대역 할당 알고리즘을 제시하였다 실험 결과 종래의 매체 접근 제어 프로토콜보다 더 나은 서비스 품질을 보장받을 수 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Progress in Superconductivity
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.76-80
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• 2001

We have fabricated YBa$_2$Cu$_3$$O_{7-x}$ (YBCO) ramp-edge Josephson junctions by modifying ramp edges of the base electrodes without depositing any artificial barrier layer. YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O/7-x//SrTiO$_3$ (YBCO/STO) films were deposited on SrTiO$_3$(100) by on-axis KrF laser deposition. After patterning the bottom YBCO/STO layer, the ramp edge was cleaned by ion-beam and then reacted with deionized water under various conditions prior to the deposition of counter-electrode layers. The top YBCO/STO layer was deposited and patterned by photolithography and ion milling. We measured current-voltage (I-V) characteristics, magnetic field modulation of the critical current at 77 K. Some showed resistively shunted junction (RSJ)-type I-V characteristics, while others exhibited flux-flow behaviors, depending on the dipping time of the ramp edge in deionized water. Junctions fabricated using optimized conditions showed fairly uniform distribution of junction parameters such as I$_{c}$R$_{n}$ values, which were about 0.16 mV at 77 K with 1$\sigma$~ 24%. We made a dc SQUID with the same deionized water treated junctions, and it showed the sinusoidal modulation under applied magnetic field at 77 K. 77 K.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.355-362
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• 2005

This study was carried out to obtain basic information on variety selection for the utilization of whole crop rices(WCR) at National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, in 2004. Fifteen varieties and elite line were evaluated on feed value such as dry matter yield(DMY), crude protein( CP), acid detergent fiber(ADF), neutral detergent fiber(NDF) and total digestible nutrients(TDN). The dry matter yields were ranged from 13.23 to 17.83 ton per ha, the highest yielding varieties were Sobibyeo(l6.98ton / ha) in Japonica type, SR22060 (17.83 ton / ha) in New plant type, Hangangchalbyeo(I7.66 ton / ha) in Tongil type. Suweon 468 showed the highest value in the RFV and TDN content among the varieties, and Suweon 468, Suweon 498, Suweon 490 and SR22058 were chosen to have the high feed values through cluster analysis. The dry weight(grain) was found to be positively related with percent of the ripened grain, 1,000 grain weight and CPo TDN content was found to be positively related with CP, but negatively related with NDF and ADF. RFV was found to be negatively related with plant height, NDF and ADF. The promising rice varieties for WCR were Suweon 468, Suweon 498, Suweon 490 and SR22058 on the basis of CP, TDN and DMY.

• 한국결정성장학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국결정성장학회 1996년도 The 9th KACG Technical Annual Meeting and the 3rd Korea-Japan EMGS (Electronic Materials Growth Symposium)
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• pp.293-324
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• 1996

Compact solid-state blue laser have great potential for use in optical data storage, laser beam printing, particle countering, reprographics, holography, and fluorescent bioanalysis. We report recent progresses in qualities of LiB3O5 and K3Li2(TaxNb1-x)5O15 nonlinear crystals which are essential in manufacturing bulk-type blue SHG devices. We also review newly developed violet-blue laser, 20 mW output, using intracavity frequency doubling of a diode laser pumped Cr:LiSrAlF6 laser with low loss LiB3O5 crystal as a frequency doubler.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.109-113
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• 2007

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of cytochalasin B (CB) treatment in the activation medium on the development of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) rat embryos. Fetal fibroblast cells were isolated from a Day 14.5 fetus, and the oocytes for recipient cytoplasm were recovered from 4-week old Sprague Dawley rats. After enucleation and nuclear injection, the reconstructed oocytes were immediately exposed to activation medium consisting of 10 mM $SrCl_2$ with or without CB for 4 hr, and formation of pseudo-pronucleus (PPN) was checked at 18 hr after activation. Then, they were transferred into day 1 pseudopregnant recipients (Hooded Wistar) or cultured for 5 days to check their developmental competence in vivo or in vitro. The number of PPN was not affected by CB treatment during the activation. However, CB treatment supported pre-implantation development of rat SCNT embryos. Embryos generated by the procedures of SCNT were also capable of implanting, with 1 implantation scar found from a recipient following the transfer of 87 SCNT embryos to four foster mothers. The result of the present study shows that rat SCNT embryo can develop to post-implantation stage following treatment with CB.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2008년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.9
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• pp.304-304
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• 2008

최근 이동통신의 사업의 발달로 인하여 제품의 고속신호 전달에 대한 관심이 부각되고 있다. 이로 인해 고집적 LTCC 모듈로 제작이 가능하고 고속신호 전달이 용이한 저유전율과 낮은 loss특성을 요구하는 소재 개발의 지속적인 연구를 필요로 한다. 지금까지의 ceramic/glass composite에서 주로 사용된 ceramic filler는 $Al_2O_3$로 낮은 유전율을 구현하는데 한계가 있었다. Cordierite는 낮은 유전율(${\varepsilon}r$ < 4)을 나타내는 filler로서 저유전율 기판소재로 사용될 가능성이 높지만 아직까지 보고된 결과들이 미흡한 실정이다. 선행 연구에서 cordierite filler와 $SiO_2-B_2O_3-Al_2O_3$-RO (R Zn, Sr, Ba, Ca)계의 glass를 혼합하여 LTCC 용 기판소재로서의 가능성을 확인한 결과 5.0~5.5 의 낮은 유전율과 1,000~1,500의 Q를 나타내는 것을 확인 하였다. 하지만 sheet로 제작 시 $B_2O_3$ 계로 인해 볼밀 공정에서 슬러리를 응집시켜 점도를 증가(gelation)시키는 현상이 발생하였다. 이를 개선하기 위한 glass 조성의 $B_2O_3$ 함량을 5%줄여 만든 glass를 이용해 미세구조, 유전율과 Q 그리고 강도를 측정하였다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2009년도 제40회 하계학술대회
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• pp.1587_1588
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• 2009

In this paper, PCB embedded balanced-to-unbalamced duplexer using coupled LC resonator was introduced for low cost dualband WiMax front-end-module application. In order to obtain the function of bandpass filter and balun transformer, proposed duplexer was configured by using magnetically coupled LC resonator. Out-of-band suppression was enhanced by applying two m-Derived transform circuits to obtain transmission zeros at 2GHz and 4.8GHz. In order to reduce the size of embedded duplexer, BaSrTiO3 (BST) composite high Dk RCC film was applied to improve the capacitance density. This high Dk film provided the capacitance density of 12.2 pF/mm2. The simulation results shows that fabricated duplexer had an insertion loss of 2.9dB and 5.5dB and return loss of 15dB and 16dB for 2.5GHz~2.6GHz and 3.5GHz~3.6GHz, respectively. The maximum magnitude and phase imbalance were 0.01dB and 0.17dB, and 1degree and 2degree in its passband, respectively. The out-of-band suppression was observed approximately 29dB and 40dB below 1.9GHz and over 4.5GHz, respectively. It has a volume of 6 mm $\times$ 7 mm $\times$ 0.7 mm (height).

• 유기물자원화
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.59-67
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• 2017

본 연구는 톱밥이 수분조절재로 혼합된 돈분 퇴비화 시 공기 흡입 강도의 효과를 조사하기 위해 실시하였다. 25 L 규모의 퇴비화 반응기에 일정하게 주입되는 공기 주입량을 기준으로 공기 흡입량을 4 단계 (100%, 200%, 300%, 400%)로 구분하여 실험을 수행하였다. 모든 반응기의 온도가 퇴비화 개시 후 2일 이내에 호열성 단계에 도달하였으며 퇴비화 5일 까지 이를 유지하는 것을 관찰할 수 있었다. 이후 반응기의 온도는 점차 감소하여 퇴비화 실험이 끝날 무렵에는 외기와 비슷한 온도를 나타냈다. 초기 혼합원료의 수분함량은 64.27% 로 측정되었으며, 점차 감소하여 100%에서 38.4, 200%에서 33.08%, 300%에서 14.59% 그리고 400%에서 11.93로 나타났다. 퇴비화 기간 동안, pH는 6.83에서 8.67로 증가하였다가 점점 감소하여 100%, 200%에서 7.56, 300%에서 8.19, 400%에서 8.08로 관찰되었으며, 이는 100%와 200%의 공기 흡입강도가 타 처리구보다 퇴비화에 적합한 흡입조건인 것으로 사료된다. 퇴비화 초기 혼합 원료의 총 켈달질소 (TKN)는 2.3%로 측정되었으나, 점차 변화하여 퇴비화 종료 시점에 100%는 3.3%, 200%는 3.1%, 300%는 2.5%, 400%는 2.3%로 조사되었다. 이러한 결과는 100%, 200% 처리구가 타 처리구에 비해 $CO_2$ 발생 및 수증기 휘발로 인한 중량손실이 높기 때문인 것으로 사료된다. 퇴비화 초기 혼합원료의 C/N비는 25.17로 측정되었으며 급격히 감소하여 퇴비화 종료 시점에는 100%에서 11.88 200%에서 11.97, 300%에서 14.31, 400%에서 14.72로 조사되었으나 처리구 간 큰 차이는 발견되지 않았다. 이상의 연구 결과 양질 퇴비화를 위한 공기 주입량 대비 최적 공기 흡입 강도는 100%와 200% 처리구인 것으로 조사되었다.