• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.420-427
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate the indirect effects of forest using the forest healing factors such as landscape and hearing factors on mood improvement. The experiment was conducted for about 2 months from October 5, 2016 to November 30, 2016 targeting 30 healthy college students ($23.6{\pm}1.7$ years old). After making 3 factors(image factor, sound factor and image+sound factor) using scenery and sound of both forest and urban space, participants undergone the test in a room. And the effects of these 3 factors on the mood improvement were compared and analyzed using SPSS 18.0 program. Profile of Mood State test (POMS) and Semantic Differential method (SD) were used to measure mood improvement as a psychological test. As a result, indirect forest stimulation showed effects of suppressing tension, fatigue, anger, confusion, depression, and enhancement of vitality. No significant difference was observed in the comparison between forest stimuli. However, Compared with the urban stimuli, the stimulation of the forests has the effect of enhancing pleasant, natural feeling and calmness.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.230-244
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• 1999

1) Table salt (=NaCl=common salt=salt) is scientifically characterized, and the significant role in dietary and daily life has generally been discussed from the standpoint of human ecology. 2) In dietary life, salt fundamentally gives a deliciousness to dishes and nutro-physiologically functions to keep homeostasis in the body. Meanwhile, the excessive intake of salt often causes the high blood pressure and induces several fatal diseases. 3) In daily life, salt derivatives(Na-, Cl-compound) are quite useful widely over food, clothing and housing. Meanwhile, some of them especially organochlorine compounds often pollute the environment and damage the humans and or ecology as so-called environmental hormone resulting in dioxins. 4) For the ambivalence of salt in health and environment, humans, but not salt, are wholly responsible. The fact would go not only to salt but also generally to resources on the earth. 5) Humans should adequately be moderate in utilizations and consumptions of salt and or resources. Everything must be kept with in bounds. This conception would surely bring the stable maintenance and the sound development to the system of human ecology as well as global ecology.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.453-466
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to investigate the origin of make-up and the beginning of 'Yoenji' cosmetics. The result of this study is as follows: 1. The origin of make-up can be summarized as being originated from the sexual display to maintain tribes and incantatory religion for their existence. The reason for the preference to Yeonji in make-up is that Yeonji has a characteristic of red in color, which seems to hold effective for the sexual display of human beings. 2. The origin of Yeonji (焉支; Safflower) was from Egypt, but its inception as a cosmetic product was with Huns. 'Yeonji' was a term of Hungro race, and was also called Unji (焉支), Yeonji (燕支), Inji (姻支), Urji (閼氏), following the similarity of the sound. These terms were not only the interpretation of the Hunnish sound into Chinese, but also allegorical expression. Unji (焉支), Yeonji (燕支), and Inji (姻支) meant Safflower. Urji(閼氏) meant 'Empress' or 'Wife,' which was pronounced Yeonji (燕支) and Asi (閼氏).

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.350-357
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• 2022

A national park is a place to conserve natural resources and visitors to experience nature, and thus, it is necessary to identify the noise distribution characteristic in the national park and preserve and restore the soundscape. However, most national parks in Korea are exposed to noise, leading to negative perceptions of the national park's soundscape and affecting the ecosystem. Many national parks in other countries have investigated the ecosystem impacts caused by noise and have performed various management to reduce the noise. However, in Korea, there is still a lack of awareness of the effect on the ecosystem, overlooking the need for soundscape management. Therefore, in this study, we developed a noise map of Mudeungsan National Park to investigate the quantitative impact of noise on visitors and the ecosystem. Also, we measured the trail's soundscape to describe a sound grade classification, and the soundscape of main spots in the park was recorded for a year and then analyzed. Finally, the sound resource distribution map was described, which can be used as preliminary data to determine the national park's sound distribution characteristics and manage the soundscape.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.37-45
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• 2011

In order to have better understanding of the concept and meaning of soundscape, it is very important to consider entirely the objectives, activities, historical development processes and accomplishments of world soundscape project leading by R. Murray Schafer. Therefore, the ultimate purpose of this study is to inquire into the concrete development processes and practical activities of the soundscape in order to correspond to Schafer's conception of a tuning of the world. The establishment of WSP is based on noise pollution, listening attitudes and noisy music. Schafer formulated 5 types of item as a target, and wrote down concrete activities to achieve the goals. Especially, he devised the conceptual, educational, political and social strategies as the practical strategies of WSP. It is obtained various products by the activities of WSP from the planning starting year in 1969 to the stagnation period in 1979. That is, there are the social survey on noise-vancouver 1969, the book of noise, Okeanos, a study of community noise by-laws in canada 1972, the music of the environment, the vancouver soundscape, european sound diary, five village soundscapes, handbook for acoustic ecology and so on. The research activities of WSP arouse inspiration in many people interested in sound. Specially, it is emphasized the importance of increasing for their social roles in order to more actively improve and create the quality of sound environment. Also, it shows us the directions on how to lead our furture sound.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.237-243
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• 2012

Sound absorption capability and anatomical features of the organosolv pretreated Japanese larch and yellow poplar wood were estimated by stereoscopic observation and two microphone transfer function method. Sound absorption capabilities of organosolv treated wood, in the entire estimated frequency range (50~6,400 Hz), were higher than those of control specimen. Especially, the treated wood's absorption capabilities measured in the frequency range of 2~4 kHz were about two times higher than those of control specimen. By the organosolv pretreatment (at $70{\sim}120^{\circ}C$), the weight loss of wood occurred in less than 1% of total weight of wood and the porosity of wood increased slightly. In addition, it was presupposed that microstructural changes of wood occurred during organosolv pretreatment and this structural changes cause the increasing of the sound absorption capability of wood.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.161-174
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• 2004

This paper discussed community ecological approach for Environmentally Sound and Sustainable Development(ESSD) and Sustainable Society(SS). Community ecology is composed of nature, environment and diverse species and is dynamic and sustainable system by interaction among those components. It is required long-term, integrating and eco-centric stances to achieve ESSD and SS such as eco-city and eco-village movements. This is integrated and complicated perspective beyond traditional dichotomy between human and environment. Community ecological perspective directs people toward ecological society system which creates and maintains adaptable life style under ecological situation in community. Building up eco-parts, eco-cites, eco-villages are crucial movements for promoting human's environmental living standards. These sustainable community movements require people to change their values and life styles suitable for their SS. It is required integrated and balanced perspective and participating endeavor of residents to maintain SS.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.73-87
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• 2000

The purpose of this thesis is to make clear the symbolism expressed by the gorgeous costume elements in the portraits of Elizabeth 1. After English paintings in 16th century and the Portraits of Elizabeth I being investigated in view of its characteristics, the symbolism in the costume of the portraits was studied in analysis. The flowers, the pearls and the sieve denoting a pure virgin predominantly appeared, snake for discretion and wisdom, phoenix for eternal youth and renewal, pelican for motherhood, and eyes and ears for almightiness and sound judgement as an utmost power was found. The color was mainly of black or white and sometimes of these two mixtures. The white means a purity and black, eternity and the mixture of them signifies a virtue of purity. This thesis may help people understand the gorgeous costume of Elizabeth 1. not as an external extravagance, but as an internal emblem or signs delivering its specific significance.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.75-81
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• 2000

This paper was prepared to have an overview of the Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER ) activities in Korea in order to facilitate further development of Korea LTER Network in the coming 21th century. After the background for the development of the Korea LTER network was reviewed, the network activities of Korea as well as of the world were introduced for sound management and conservation of ecosystems, which can be ultimately carried out by the long-term ecological researches whose results can secure comparability in the dimension of time and space.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.503-507
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• 2015

To examine the interannual variation of seedfall and seed viability rates of Acer pictum subsp. mono (APSM), we investigated the annual seedfall and seed viability of APSM in the natural broadleaved forest in Mt. Jungwang, Gangwon-do, from 2009 to 2014. The amounts of annual seedfalls from 2009 to 2014 were revealed to be 5,700, 4,060, 60,900, 403,450 and 310 ea/ha respectively. 2013 is presumed to be the masting year since large amounts of seedfall were revealed, compared to that of the other years in the study period. Also, the amount of seeds was significantly different among seed viabilities. Most fallen seeds were damaged or decayed, accounting for 47.88% of the total, followed by empty seeds, undeveloped seeds and sound seeds in that order. The percentage of sound seeds ranged from 6.7 to 31.0%, which marks the lowest average with 16.74%. In the masting year, 2013, a significantly larger number of sound seeds fell at 125,070 ea/ha, on the forest floor than in the other years (320~17,840 ea/ha). Meanwhile, the ratio of damaged or decayed seeds was the lowest at 38%, although the number of those seeds was the largest, 153,310 ea/ha, for the same year. These results imply that the surplus seeds are supplied for natural regeneration in the masting year, supporting the seed predator satiation hypothesis. More long-term researches should be conducted on the seed production of broadleaved trees.