• Journal of KIISE:Databases
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.209-224
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• 2003

Recent development of electronic commerce enables the use of Electronic Stock Trading Systems(ESTS) to be expanded. In ESTS, information with various sensitivity levels is shared by multiple users with mutually different clearance levels. Therefore, it is necessary to use Multilevel Secure Database Management Systems(MLS/DBMSs) in controlling concurrent execution among multiple transactions. In ESTS, not only analytical OLAP transactions, but also mission critical OLTP transactions are executed concurrently, which causes it difficult to adapt traditional secure transaction management schemes to ESTS environments. In this paper, we propose Secure One Snapshot(SOS) protocol that is devised for Secure Transaction Management in ESTS. By maintaining additional one snapshot as well as working database SOS blocks covert-channel efficiently, enables various real-time transaction management schemes to be adapted with ease, and reduces the length of waiting queue being managed to maintain freshness of data by utilizing the characteristics of less strict correctness criteria. In this paper, we introduce the process of SOS protocol with some examples, and then analyze correctness of devised protocol.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.352-358
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• 2012

Purpose: The inexpensive black box system was developed to acquire and save driving information, to give the slope information, and to transmit SOS and theft signal. Method: The device consists of a main micro controller to acquire and save data, a GPS sensor module, a CDMA module, a touch LCD module, a RF (Radio Frequency) ID module, a SD (Secure Digital) card module, an emergency electric power source, a theftproof circuit, and a sensing device. The sensing device consists of a 8 bit micro controller, a accelerometer to detect impulse, two slope sensors to detect roll and pitch angle and a circuit to detect operation of 6 lighting devices. Results: Test results are as follows: 1) a tractor can be start up only with an electronic key (password or RFID card), 2) theft signal was transmitted when a tractor moved without an electronic key, 3) SOS was transmitted at conditions that rollover or crash happened. 4) 5 more than per 1s data are recorded at 5 minute intervals as new file name in SD card. Conclusions: This system can be used to save travelling record, reduce accident, prevent theft and rescue life in the accidents.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.880-886
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• 1995

Antimutagenic effects of boiled water extract and tannin from persimmon leaves were studied by using Ames test, spore rec assay and SOS chromotest. Strong antimutagenic activities toward aflatoxin B1(AFB1), dimethyl-aminobiphenyl(DMAB), N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine(MNNG) and 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide(4-NQO) were observed when boiled water extract and tannin from the persimmon leaves were added in the Salmonella typhimurium TA 100. In spore rec assay using Bacillus subtilis H17($rec^{+}$) and M45($rec^{-}$), boiled water extract and tannin from the persimmon leaves considerably inhibited the mutagenesis induce by MNNG. In SOS chromotest using Escherichia coli PQ37, these samples also exhibited strong antimutagenic activity toward 4-NQO. The tannin was more effective than boiled water extract of persimmon leaves in the antimutagenicity tests.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.62 no.7
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• pp.274-280
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• 2019

Purpose: To analyze the growth response to growth hormone (GH) therapy in prepubertal patients with Noonan syndrome (NS) harboring different genetic mutations. Methods: Twenty-three patients with prepubertal NS treated at Pusan National University Children's Hospital between March 2009 and July 2017 were enrolled. According to the disease-causing genes identified, the patients with NS were divided into 4 groups. Three groups were positive for mutations of the PTPN11, RAF1, and SOS1 genes. The five genes undetected (FGU) group was negative for PTPN11, RAF1, SOS1, KRAS, and BRAF gene mutations. The influence of genotype was retrospectively analyzed by comparing the growth parameters after GH therapy. Results: The mean chronological age at the start of GH treatment was $5.85{\pm}2.67years$. At the beginning of the GH treatment, the height standard deviation score (SDS), growth velocity (GV), and lower levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF)-1 levels were not statistically different among the groups. All the 23 NS patients had significantly increased height SDS and serum IGF-1 level during the 3 years of treatment. GV was highest during the first year of treatment. During the 3 years of GH therapy, the PTPN11, RAF1, and SOS1 groups showed less improvement in height SDS, IGF-1 SDS, and GV, and less increase in bone age-to-chronological age ratio than the FGU group. Conclusion: The 3-year GH therapy in the 23 prepubertal patients with NS was effective in improving height SDS, GV, and serum IGF-1 levels. The FGU group showed a better response to recombinant human GH therapy than the PTPN11, RAF1, and SOS1 groups.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.20-27
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• 2005

Osteoporosis is characterized by low bone mass and the microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue with a consequent increase in bone fragility and susceptibility to fracture. It has been suggested that speed of sound (SOS) and broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) of quantitative ultrasound sonography (QUS) may provide information about not only bone density but also the microarchitecture and elastic properties of bone. Physical inactivity reduced mechanical usage and it made process to the bone changes. This study aimed to association between the physical activity and the QUS parameters in 1305 (593 men, 712 women) aged 20 years over in a rural population. Two QUS parameters, BUA (p=.23) and SOS(p=.73) were measured at the right calcaneus of postmenopausal women, no significant associations were observed between sports index and SOS and BUA. These results suggest that work, non-sports leisure physical activity (p<.01) have a significant influence on QUS parameters in a rural population. Physical activity are meaningful predictor of QUS parameters of the calcaneus in a rural population.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.133-138
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• 1995

In vitro antimutagenic activity of methanol extract from brrwn rice and its physico-chemical characteristics were investigated using Salmonella typhimurium reversion assay and SOS chromotest. Methanol extracts of brown rice were not mutagenic compared with direct and indirect, mutagenicities of 4NQO (4-nitroquinoline oxide), 2NF(2-nitrofluorene), Trp-p-1(3-Amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido-[4,3-b]indole), and Trp-p-2(3-Amino-1-methy-5H-pyrido-[4,3-b]indole). Antimutagenic activity against the indirect mutagenicties induced by Trp-p-1, Trp-p-2 and AFB1 (aflatoxin B1) was found in methanol extract. Even though antimutagenic activity showed dose-dependent, it remained constant at inhibition rate ranging 60~90% when the concentration was abov 3mg/plate in the S. typhimurium reversion assay and 0.2~0.6 mg/assay in the SOS chromotest. The antimutagenic activity of the methanol extracts was stable at various pH (2, 7 and 10), temperatures (60, 80 and 10$0^{\circ}C$)and heation times (2, 4, 6, 8, 10 min at 10$0^{\circ}C$).

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.30-38
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• 2010

The contribution of a type II restriction-modification system (R-M system) to genome integrity and cell viability was investigated. We established experimental conditions that enabled the achievement of hemimethylated and unmethylated states for the specific bases of the recognition sequences of the host's DNA. To achieve this, we constructed the MboII R-M system containing only one (i.e., M2.MboII) out of two functional MboII methyltransferases found in Moraxella bovis. Using the incomplete R-M system, we were able to perturb the balance between methylation and restriction in an inducible manner. We demonstrate that upon the SOS-induced DNA repair in mitomycin C treated cells, restriction significantly reduces cell viability. Similar results for the well-studied wild-type EcoRI R-M system, expressed constitutively in Escherichia coli, were obtained. Our data provide further insights into the benefits and disadvantages of maintaining of a type II R-M system, highlighting its impact on host cell fitness.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.38-42
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• 1999

Antimutagenic effects of 5 kinds of kochujang(Korean red pepper soybean paste) samples compared with doenjang(Korean soy paste) were studied using the Ames test with Salmonella typhimurium TA100 and the SOS chromotest, with E. Coli PQ37. Th eantimutatenic effects of methanol extracts from red pepper powder and meju(fermented soybean) powder, the major ingredients of the kochujang,were also evaluated for the mutagenicity of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in the Ames assay. The methanol extracts from the kochujang samples showed lower antimutagenicities than those of doenjang against AFB1 and N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) in the Ames assay. Traditional kochujang I and II exhibited strong antimutagenic activity against AFB1 and MNNG. The traditional kochujang samples against MNNG were aslo observed in the SOS chromotest system with the same fashions as shown in the Ames mutagenicity test. The methanol extracts from meju powder had the strongest inhibitory effects on mutabenicity induced by AFB1, however, those form red pepper powder showed lower inhibition rate than kochujang. These results suggest that traditional kochujang exhibit higher antimutagenic acitivity than the commercial variety, and that meju powder seems to be one of the major antimutagenic components in kochujang.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.419-423
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• 1996

We have established the quantitative method for assay antimutagenic activity from natural products using SOS chromotest technique. Establishment of the method in this study makes it possible to numerize antimutagenic activities from samples in term of the sample amount required for 50% inhibition to mutagenic activity induced by the chemical mutagen under the standard assay condition. Antimutagenic activities of rices from different cultivars as well as other cereals were assayed through this method. The results revealed that antimutagenic activities of mutant cultivar, Suwon 393(Hyangdo) and Sanghaehyanghyulla(Jado), were higher than Chuchung which mainly consumed for steamed rice, and also indicated that antimutagenic activities of cereals, such as job'tear, buckwheat, small red bean, black bean were generally higher than that of brown rice.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.625-632
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• 1998

To enhance the antimutagenic and anticancer activities of chinese cabbage kimchi, 13 kinds of kimchi, which were different kinds and levels of sub-ingredient added kimchi, were prepared and fermented at 15℃ for 1 day and then at 5℃ up to pH 4.3. The antimutagenic effects of the methanol extracts of the kimchi were studied by using Ames mutagenicity test in Salmonella typhimurium TA100 and SOS chromotest in E. coli PQ37. Among the kimchi samples, high ratio of red pepper powder(7%) and garlic(2.8% or 5.2%) added kimchi, 1% chinese pepper powder added kimchi and organic cultivated chinese cabbage kimchi significantly reduced(p<0.05) the mutagenicity induced by aflatoxin B1(AFB1) in Ames test and SOS response against N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine(MNNG) in SOS chromotest, and also the kimchi inhibited more effectively(p<0.05) the survival and growth of AGS human gastric adenocarcinoma cells than the standarized kimchi on the SRB assay, MTT assay and growth inhibition test. These results suggest that the antimutagenic and anticancer activites of kimchi can be increased by the sub-ingredients such as organic cultivated chinese cabbage, red pepper powder, garlic and chinese pepper powder.