• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제47권6호
• /
• pp.810-817
• /
• 2014

Two consecutive feeding trials were conducted to evaluate the effects of extruded pellet (EP) and raw fish-based moist pellet (MP) in the juvenile (experiment I) and sub-adult (experiment II) stages of olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. The fish were distributed randomly to three aquarium tanks, as a group of 1,200 fish (initial mean weight $13.5{\pm}1.76g$) in experiment I, and as a group of 390 fish (initial mean weight $385{\pm}15.3g$) in experiment II. In experiment I, the weight gain, specific growth rate, feed efficiency, protein efficiency ratio, and survival of fish fed EP were all significantly higher than those of fish fed MP. In experiment II, no significant differences were observed in weight gain, specific growth rate and survival between the EP and MP groups. However, the feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratios of fish fed EP were significantly higher than those of fish fed MP. The results of this study indicate that EP could be developed to replace MP for market size production of olive flounder without any adverse effects on the growth performance. The dietary formulation used in this study could be used as an appropriate feed for olive flounder.

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제46권3호
• /
• pp.282-286
• /
• 2013

This study was conducted to compare extruded pellets (EP) and soft extruded pellets (SEP) with a raw fish-based moist pellet (MP) diet on the growth and flesh quality of Korean rockfish Sebastes schlegeli. Three groups of 20,000 fish (initial mean weight 133 g) per net-cage ($6{\times}12{\times}7m$) were fed commercial EP, SEP or MP for 16 months. The survival of fish fed SEP was higher than those of fish fed EP or MP. The highest growth performances were observed in the mean weight gain, total weight gain, and feed efficiency of fish fed MP, followed by those fed EP and SEP. Among the fish fed on extruded pellets, the total weight gain of fish fed SEP was higher than that of those fed EP, while fish fed EP grew faster than those fed SEP. No notable differences in body composition, sensory scores or textural properties of the dorsal muscle were observed in fish fed on EP, SEP or MP. Thus, it is suggested that extruded pellets, rather than raw fish-based moist pellets, could be fed to Korean rockfish without compromising flesh quality.

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제46권3호
• /
• pp.310-314
• /
• 2013

This study investigated the utilization of beef tallow and dextrin as non-protein energy sources in the diet of juvenile far eastern catfish Silurus asotus. Three replicated groups of juveniles (initial mean weight of 3.6 g) were fed diets containing high levels of beef tallow or dextrin for six weeks. The final mean weight of fish fed on a 17% lipid diet with a high level of beef tallow was significantly higher than that of fish fed on a 9% lipid diet with a high level of dextrin (P=0.04). No significant differences were observed in the feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio of fish fed on the experimental diets. Crude lipid content and the C18:0, C18:1n-9 and C18:2n-6 contents of whole-body fish were significantly affected by diet (P<0.05). The results of this study suggest that beef tallow is better than dextrin as a non-protein energy source for improving the growth of juvenile far eastern catfish, and that beef tallow could be economically used as an ingredient in practical feed.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제8권8호
• /
• pp.57-64
• /
• 2008

지연시간으로 인한 부정확한 네트워크 상태정보로 발생되는 문제점을 해결하기 위해 단방향 지연시간을 이용하여 정확한 지연정보로 네트워크 상황을 판단하고 TFRC 흐름제어를 기반으로 네트워크 상태변화에 따란 실시간 멀티미디어 데이터의 전송율을 적절하게 조절할 수 있는 흐름제어 기법을 제안한다. 본 논문의 시뮬레이션 결과, 네트워트 상태 정보 측정을 위해 RTT와 $OWD{\times}2$를 비교하여 평균적으로 약 12% 차이를 보였다. RTT를 사용하였을 경우 TFRC가 TCP보다 약 32%정도 더 많은 대역폭을 사용하였으며, OWD를 사용하였을 경우 3%정도의 오차를 보이고 링크의 공정한 대역폭을 사용할 수 있다. 네트워크 상황을 판단하고 TFRC 기반으로 네트워크 상태변화에 따라 TCP와 공정한 대역폭을 사용하면서 실시간 데이터 전송에 맞게 전송율을 적절하게 조절하여 사용자들에게 고품질의 서비스를 제공할 수 있다.

• Journal of Magnetics
• /
• 제18권4호
• /
• pp.481-486
• /
• 2013

An electromagnetic launcher (EML) system accelerates and launches a projectile by converting electric energy into kinetic energy. There are two types of EML systems under development: the rail gun and the coil gun. A railgun comprises a pair of parallel conducting rails, along which a sliding armature is accelerated by the electromagnetic effects of a current that flows down one rail, into the armature and then back along the other rail, but the high mechanical friction between the projectile and the rail can damage the projectile. A coil gun launches the projectile by the attractive magnetic force of the electromagnetic coil. A higher projectile muzzle velocity needs multiple stages of electromagnetic coils, which makes the coil gun EML system longer. As a result, the installation cost of a coil gun EML system is very high due to the large installation site needed for the EML. We present a coil gun EML system that has a new structure and arrangement for multiple electromagnetic coils to reduce the length of the system. A mathematical model of the proposed coil gun EML system is developed in order to calculate the magnetic field and forces, and to simulate the muzzle velocity of a projectile by driving and switching the electric current into multiple stages of electromagnetic coils. Using the proposed design, the length of the coil gun EML system is shortened by 31% compared with a conventional coil gun system while satisfying a target projectile muzzle velocity of over 100 m/s.

• 건축역사연구
• /
• 제14권4호
• /
• pp.59-72
• /
• 2005

Architectural embodiment of a national identity has long been a significant topic in Korean architectural circles. For this reason, it must be helpful to examine the so-called, 'National Romanticism' of Finnish architecture around 1900 in that Finnish architects of the time struggled to embody their national identity through their projects. Considering the historical and linguistic affinities between Finland and Korea, the Finnish architectural situation draws . our additional attention. This paper aims at showing its historical background, the meaning of each type of buildings in the stream, and limitations it implies. The atmosphere of Finnish nationalist movement, which was provoked by [Kalevala] publications (1835; 1845) and shown in Karelianism, was heightened by Tsarist Empire's Russification programme of Finland in the late 19th century Architecture was one of the most important genres expressing her national identity. Finnish national romantic architecture could be divided into three. The first is a log house style for artists' studio house, motivated by the Finnish vernacular farmstead - especially by Karelian farmhouse. This type of building signifies the Finns' will to return to their motherly soil. The second is a stone architecture style for public buildings, inspired by Finnish church or castle of an early medieval time. By using roughly-cut granite as the main exterior material, buildings of this type symbolise the toughness of legendary heroes and Finns' desire for national Independence. The third type of building was based on both of the former or more dependent on architects' Imagination and creativity. However, Finnish national romantic architecture has been criticised by some critics owing to its decorative, eclectic and self-indulgent characteristics. Probably, it was not really national but rather inter-national because of the Influences of English Arts and Crafts Movement, the American Richardsonian architecture and the continental Art Nouveau. And the negative images of 'national' and 'romantic' made some historians coin other terms like 'national realism' or 'material realism'. As another limitation, one raises the low degree of its contribution to the entire architectural history. Despite these criticisms, however, this paper argues that Finnish national romantic architecture is meaningful in itself, particularly because it illustrates vividly Finns' struggle to search for their national identity and, after all, their craving for national independence.

• 수산해양교육연구
• /
• 제26권3호
• /
• pp.667-675
• /
• 2014

Two types of diets, extruded pellet (EP) and raw-fish-based moist pellet (MP) were fed to compare growth, water quality and histology of olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus in Jeju fish farm. Two groups of 7000 fish per each tank (initial mean weight 51 g) were fed one of two diets for 7 months. At the end of the feeding trial, significant differences were found in weight gain and feed utilization. Dissolved oxygen (DO) level of the MP tank was decreased from 7.98 to 6.89 after feeding. There were no significant differences in hematocrit, hemoglobin, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase of fish fed the two diets. Whole body protein content of fish fed the EP was significantly higher than that of fish fed the MP. While the feeding rate by month indicated numerically decreased, fish fed the MP had higher feed intake than that of fish fed the EP. Histological examination of hepatopancreas, kidney, and anterior intestine of fish fed the EP did not show any negative effects compared to those of fish fed the MP. This study revealed that EP could substitute for MP in terms of growth performance, blood parameters, water quality and histology of olive flounder.

• 한국식품과학회지
• /
• 제30권4호
• /
• pp.941-947
• /
• 1998

전통안동식혜로부터 젖산균 L. bulgaricus LBS 47, L. acidophilus LAS 10 및 Lc. lactis LLS 56와 효모 S. cerevisiae SCS 5을 분리하였다. 분리동정한 균들의 pH, 적정산도 및 균수의 변화를 관찰한 결과, SCS 균주는 배양 4시간에 pH 4.5으로 가장 낮았으며 LBS과 LAS 균주의 적정산도는 배양 초기 $0.40{\sim}2.30%$로 SCS 균주보다 큰 변화를 나타내었다. LBS과 LAS 균주의 성장변화는 두 균주 모두 배양 20시간에 $1.7{\times}10^9{\;}CFU/mL$로 성장 정지기에 도달하였다. SCS 균주는 배양 12시간에 $4.8{\times}10^6{\;}CFU/mL$로 정지기에 도달하여 SCS 균주가 LBS과 LAS 균주에 비해 균 성장은 유사하였으나 균수에 있어서는 낮은 결과를 나타내었다. 효모 SCS 균주의 최적 성장온도는 $30^{\circ}C$로 나타났다. pH와 적정산도는 배양 12시간에 pH 4.5와 적정산도 1.23%의 빠른 산생성을 보였으며, 균수의 변화는 배양 32시간에 $4.9{\times}10^9{\;}CFU/mL$로 성장정지기에 도달하였다.

• 한국식품과학회지
• /
• 제30권4호
• /
• pp.948-956
• /
• 1998

전통안동식혜의 제조법을 계승 보존하고 제조 공정 및 상품성을 높여 보다 우수한 가공식품으로 개발할 목적으로 안동식혜의 발효에 관여하는 젖산균과 효모를 분리한 균주를 이용하여 안동 식혜를 제조하여 숙성 및 저장 과정 중 성분과 품질의 변화를 조사하였다. 전통안동식혜로부터 분리동정된 균주는 젖산 균주로써 L. bulgaricus LBS 47, L. acidophilus LAS 10 및 Lacto. lactis LLS 56의 3 균주와 효모 S. cerevisiae SCS 5의 한 균주를 분리하여 단독 및 혼합 균주를 start로 사용하여 숙성시킨 후 관능검사를 한 결과 LBS와 SCS 균주를 혼합배양하였을 때 가장 좋았다.

• 수산해양교육연구
• /
• 제24권4호
• /
• pp.602-608
• /
• 2012

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of commercial extruded pellet (EP) diet on the growth and water quality compared with a raw fish moist pellet (MP) diet for flounder on field feeding experiments. Three replicate groups of 130 fish per each tank (initial weight of 380 g) were fed one of the EP and Moist pellet (MP) for 7 months. In field feeding experiment, no significant difference was observed in final mean weight of fish fed the experimental EP (1,233 g) and MP (1,237 g), and any noticeable problem caused by feeding the experimental EP was not found during the whole period of feeding trial. Feed efficiency of fish fed the experimental EP was higher than that of MP, and there was no significant difference in survival between the fish fed experimental EP and MP. The concentrations of SS, COD, TN and TP of seawater in tanks of MP groups were 1-5 times higher than those of EP groups. Therefore, these results strongly suggest that diet EP could be developed to replace MP diet for the marketable size of production for flounder without adverse effects on growth performance and water quality.