• 한국약용작물학회지
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.79-85
• /
• 2010

Enhancement effect of ultrasonification process on UV-protection and skin-whitening activities using Centella asiatica L. Urban extract was investigated. Cytotoxicity of the extracts measured on human skin fibroblast cells, CCD-986sk, and then, ultrasonification associated extracts showed 5~9% lower cytotoxicity then normal crude extracts on 1.0 mg/$m{\ell}$ of highest sample concentration. The associated extrats showed highest inhibition activity of hyaluronidase on 1.0 mg/$m{\ell}$ of concentration as 54.2%. Also, the associated extract reduced expression of MMP-1 on UV-irradiated CCD-986sk cells down to 100.2% from 136.1%, and revealed high inhibitory potency on tyrosinase as 74.6% by adding 1.0 mg/$m{\ell}$ of concentration. Ultrasonification associated extract showed strong inhibition effect of melanin production on Clone M-3 cells as 84.2% by adding 1.0 mg/$m{\ell}$ of concentration. From the preliminary observations, we considered that the extracts from C. asiatica could be potent natural materials for skin-whitening and anti-aging agent, and could enhance the activities by ultrasonification process.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
• /
• 제40권1호
• /
• pp.25-31
• /
• 2023

Strabismus is a vision disorder in which the eyes do not properly align with each other when looking at an object and it can negatively affect the quality of life. This case is a report on a strabismus patient who received Korean medicine treatment including scalp acupuncture. Scalp acupuncture, body acupuncture, and herbal medicine were performed on a patient diagnosed with strabismus and diplopia. The improvement of symptoms was evaluated by the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), Scott and Kraft Score (SK score), and change of symptoms and progress of diplopia. NRS decreased by more than 85%, and the SK score gradually changed from -4 to 0, which means strabismus mostly recovered, and the symptom and progress of diplopia were reduced. In this study, it is considered that Korean medical treatment including scalp acupuncture is useful for strabismus patients.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제33권12호
• /
• pp.1576-1586
• /
• 2023

Vaccination is the most effective method for preventing the spread of the influenza virus. Cell-based influenza vaccines have been developed to overcome the disadvantages of egg-based vaccines and their production efficiency has been previously discussed. In this study, we investigated whether treatment with forskolin (FSK), an adenylyl cyclase activator, affected the output of a cell-based influenza vaccine. We found that FSK increased the propagation of three influenza virus subtypes (A/H1N1/California/4/09, A/H3N2/Mississippi/1/85, and B/Shandong/7/97) in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells. Interestingly, FSK suppressed the growth of MDCK cells. This effect could be a result of protein kinase A (PKA)-Src axis activation, which downregulates extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 activity and delays cell cycle progression from G1 to S. This delay in cell growth might benefit the binding and entry of the influenza virus in the early stages of viral replication. In contrast, FSK dramatically upregulated ERK1/2 activity via the cAMP-PKA-Raf-1 axis at a late stage of viral replication. Thus, increased ERK1/2 activity might contribute to increased viral ribonucleoprotein export and influenza virus propagation. The increase in viral titer induced by FSK could be explained by the action of cAMP in assisting the entry and binding of the influenza virus. Therefore, FSK addition to cell culture systems could help increase the production efficiency of cell-based vaccines against the influenza virus.

• 한국에너지공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국에너지공학회 2002년도 추계 학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.171-184
• /
• 2002

우리나라 5개 정유사에서 일간 생산되는 중질잔사유 (Vacuum Residue) 량은 약 200,000 B/d이며, 일부는 Asphalt 또는 Sulfur fuel oil, 기타 탈황공정(RHD)둥에서 upgrading 되고 있다. 중질잔사유는 유황 및 중금속 물질의 함유량이 높아 가스화를 통한 효율적인 이용이 요구되고 있으며, 최근들어 효율적인 중질잔사유의 사용을 위하여 SK정유와 LG, Caltex에서 435-500 MWe IGCC 발전소 및 수소 제조공정을 위한 타당성 조사를 한 바 있다. 현재 한국에너지기술연구원에서는 습식분류상 가스화장치를 이용하여 중질잔사유가스화 특성에 관한 연구를 수행하고 있다. 실험은 반응온도 : 1,100~1,25$0^{\circ}C$, 반응압력 : 1~6kg/$ extrm{cm}^2$G, oxygen/V.R ratio : 0.8~0.9 and steam/V.R ratio : 0.4~0.5를 유지하며 수행되었으며, 실험을 통해 합성가스(CO+H$_2$) 조성 : 85~93%, 생성가스 유량 : 50~110Nm$^3$/hr., 발열량 : 2,300~3,000 ㎉/Nm$^3$, 탄소전환율 : 65~92 및 냉가스효율 = 60~70%를 얻을 수 있었다. 아울러, 평형모델을 이용하여 중질잔사유가스화 공정을 모형화 하였으며 계산결과를 실험결과와 비교하여 모델의 타당성을 검토하였다.

• 에너지공학
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.49-57
• /
• 2003

우리나라 5개 정유사에서 일간 생산되는 중질잔사유 (Vacuum Residue)량은 약 200.000 B/d이며, 일부는 Asphalt 또는 Sulfur fuel oil, 기타 탈황공정(RHD) 등에서 upgrading 되고 있다. 중질잔사유는 유황 및 중금속 물질의 함유량이 높아 가스화를 통한 효율적인 이용이 요구되고 있으며, 최근들어 효율적인 중질잔사유의 사용을 위하여 SK정유와 LG Caltex에서 435~500 MWe IGCC 발전소 및 수소 제조공정을 위한 타당성 조사를 한 바 있다. 현재 한국에너지기술연구원에서는 습식분류상 가스화장치를 이용하여 중질잔사유가스화 특성에 관한 연구를 수행하고 있다. 실험은 반응온도: 1,100~1,25$0^{\circ}C$, 반응압력: 1~6 kg/$\textrm{cm}^2$G, oxygen/V.R ratio: 0.8~0.9 and steam/V.R ratio: 0.4~0.5를 유지하며 수행되었으며, 실험을 통해 합성가스(CO+H$_2$) 조성 : 85~93%, 생성가스 유량: 50~110 Nm$^3$/hr. 발열량: 2,300~3,000 k㎈/Nm$^3$, 탄소전환율: 65~92 및 냉가스효율: 60~70%를 얻을 수 있었다. 아울러, 평형모델을 이용하여 중질잔사유가스화 공정을 모형화하였으며 계산결과를 실험결과와 비교하여 모델의 타당성을 검토하였다.

• 대한환경공학회지
• /
• 제34권10호
• /
• pp.678-683
• /
• 2012

세계적인 물부족을 해결하는 대안 중의 하나는 하수 재이용이다. 본 연구는 A시의 하수를 UF와 RO 공법으로 처리하여 인근지역의 공업용수로 재사용이 가능한지의 여부를 확인하고자 하였다. A시의 하수를 UF와 RO로 처리한 결과 Na, Mg, Cl, Ca, Mn, $PO_4$, $SO_4$ 등은 원수 대비 97% 이상의 높은 처리 효율을 보였으나, $NH_4$-N, TN, $NO_3$-N, BOD등의 영양염류는 각각 35.71%, 85.21%, 87.05% 그리고 56%로 상대적으로 낮은 제거율을 보였다. 그러나 영양염류는 원수 자체의 함유량이 소량 이여서 하수 처리수 공업용수 재이용수질 권고 기준을 만족하는데 문제가 없었다. 그 외의 측정항목 또한 하수 처리수 공업용수 재이용수질 권고 기준을 만족하여 인근지역의 공업용수로 재사용에는 문제가 없을 것으로 예상된다.

• 화약ㆍ발파
• /
• 제40권2호
• /
• pp.25-34
• /
• 2022

최근 터널 발파현장을 중심으로 정밀한 시차를 갖는 전자뇌관을 활용하여 시공성을 향상하는 사례가 증가하고 있다. 본 사례는 『수도권 광역급행철도 A노선 민간투자사업 제00공구』 현장에서 비전기뇌관과 전자뇌관을 혼용하여 시험발파를 수행한 사례로, 현장 주변 상업시설과 지하철 등 보안물건이 있어 발파작업 시 진동과 소음의 세심한 관리가 필요한 곳이다. 당 현장은 비전기뇌관으로 설계되었으나, 굴진율의 저하로 비전기뇌관과 전자뇌관을 혼용함으로써 굴진율을 향상하고 진동과 소음을 관리하고자 하였다. 시험발파 결과 굴진율이 약 85%로 목표치를 달성하였고 진동과 소음의 최대 측정값은 0.215cm/sec와 73.22dB(A)로 규제기준 이하로 계측되었다. 당 현장은 도심지에서 발파작업이 진행되는 만큼 계측관리 대상물을 지정하여 지속해서 진동과 소음을 관리할 필요가 있다.

• 생약학회지
• /
• 제34권1호통권132호
• /
• pp.80-85
• /
• 2003

Water extract from Astragali Radix (AR) was tested for the safety using Ames, Bacillus subtilis Rec, and umu gene expression mutagenicity tests. Mutagenic activity in any assays we tested was not found. In Ames test, Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA 100 were used to identify mutagenic property, and the number of histidine revertants was measured. In the Recassay, Bacillus subtilis ${H-17(Rec^+)\;and\;M-45(Rec^-)}$ strains were used to test DNA damage activity. In the SOS umu test, Salmonella typhimurium TA1535 containing plasmid pSK1002 was used as a test strain, and we monitored the levels of umu operon expression by measuring the ${\beta}-galactosidase$ activity. From the results, there was no DNA damage and mutagenicity of AR. Hepatotoxicity of AR to female ICR mice was also monitored by the measurements of s-GOT, s-GPT, LDH activities after oral feeding for 15 days. AR was not shown any significant changes of s-GOT, s-GPT and LDH activities in mice sera.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.76-85
• /
• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify knowledge structure of the Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing from 1991 to 2014. Methods: 400 articles between 1991 and 2014 were collected. 1,369 keywords as noun phrases were extracted from articles and standardized for analysis. Co-occurrence matrix was generated via a cosine similarity measure, then the network was analyzed and visualized using PFNet. Also NodeXL was applied to visualize intellectual interchanges among keywords. Results: According to the results of the content analysis and the cluster analysis of author keywords from the Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing articles, 7 most important research topics of the journal were 'Workers & Work-related Health Problem', 'Recognition & Preventive Health Behaviors', 'Health Promotion & Quality of Life', 'Occupational Health Nursing & Management', 'Clinical Nursing Environment', 'Caregivers and Social Support', and 'Job Satisfaction, Stress & Performance'. Newly emerging topics for 4-year period units were observed as research trends. Conclusion: Through this study, the knowledge structure of the Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing was identified. The network analysis of this study will be useful for identifying the knowledge structure as well as finding general view and current research trends. Furthermore, The results of this study could be utilized to seek the research direction in the Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.79-85
• /
• 2021

Speech recognition technology refers to a technology in which a computer interprets the speech language spoken by a person and converts the contents into text data. This technology has recently been combined with artificial intelligence and has been used in various fields such as smartphones, set-top boxes, and smart TVs. Examples include Google Assistant, Google Home, Samsung's Bixby, Apple's Siri and SK's NUGU. Google and Daum Kakao offer free open APIs for speech recognition technologies. This paper selects three APIs that are free to use by ordinary users, and compares each recognition rate according to the three types. First, the recognition rate of "numbers" and secondly, the recognition rate of "Ga Na Da Hangul" are conducted, and finally, the experiment is conducted with the complete sentence that the author uses the most. All experiments use real voice as input through a computer microphone. Through the three experiments and results, we hope that the general public will be able to identify differences in recognition rates according to the applications currently available, helping to select APIs suitable for specific application purposes.