• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.135-135
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• 2022

For abnormal weather disaster and building constructions, the shading stress could occur in crops more often. Those shading stress can effect on rice growth characters. Therefore, we investigated the shading effect on rice growth characters. Shading treatments were treated using shading screen as 35, 55, 75 and 100%. To check the shading effect on rooting after transplanting, shading stress treated after transplanting for 20 days as 35, 55 and 75%, And 35, 55, 75 and 100% of shading were treated 60 days after transplanting to check the growth characters. After transplanting, the shading stress effected on leaf and root growth. At 19 days after transplanting, leaf number reduced by shading stress. In 35, 55 and 75% shading stress, the leaf number reduced as 0.38, 0.45 and 0.9 respectively compared to control treatment. And root length was also reduced as 0.39, 0.6 and 1.93 cm respectively compared to control treatment. The plant height was slightly increased in 35 and 55% and reduced in 100%. Leaf growth speed per day was reduced as 0.0167 according to shading stress. And root growth speed also reduced as 0.0426 according to shading stress. The shading stress during vegetative stage effected on plant height and tiller number. In 35, 55 and 75% of shading stress, the plant height was slightly increased but it was reduced in 100%. Tiller number was significantly reduced by shading stress. According to 10% of shading stress, about 7% of the tiller number was reduced. However, leaf color did not change by the shading stress. The leaf area in 2^nd to 4nd leaf from new leaf reduced as 297 and 1044 in 75 and 100% of shading stress and increased as 70 and 99 in 35 and 55%. These leaf area change was affected by both the length and width of the leaf.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.67-73
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• 2014

This study aims at examining kinetic efficient shading systems and their implementation methods. These days, the importance of the shading devices are getting more significant due to the energy problem. Cordially, suitable shade designs are required as an important element for the exterior envelope of the building. This study employs the optimal shading design as an efficient shading method with the kinetic system that can be converted actively by the altitude of the sun. The proposed kinetic shading system works not only as a lightshelf in case the altitude of the sun is high but also as a vertical louver when the sun is getting lower in order to block the direct sunlight. This study has analyzed the thermal performance and shading coefficient of the kinetic shading system in comparison to existing fixed shading devices using the Ecotect. The results, in sum, conclude that the suggested kinetic shading system could decrease direct sunlights 26.2% more than the existing shading methods.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.111-118
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• 2020

Background: Cnidium officinale is a medicinal crop sensitive to high temperature. It is necessary to develop environment control technology that can reduce environmental stresses such as high temperature. This study was conducted to develop technology for stable production of Cnidium officinale by reducing damage owing to high temperature by applying shading treatment of varying duration, and structure. Methods and Results: Black shading nets were used from May to September or November; shading structures such as pillar, flat roof, and tunnel type structures were installed. Environmental changes, rate of photosynthesis, and growth characteristics were investigated. The shading treatment reduced temperature by 3℃. The rate of photosynthesis and yield with shading treatment were higher by 134% and 127%, respectively, than those with full sunlight. The ratio of shading area ranged from 50% to 71% according to the type of shading structure. The effect of environmental control on growth varied depending on the type of shading structure. Conclusions: The shading treatment reduced damage owing to high temperature, shading rate of 55% - 75% was recorded between the period May - September, and the flat roof type shading structure was considered the most suitable among shading methods.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.49-49
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• 2017

Sugar palm (Arenga pinnata (Wurmb.) Merr.) grows naturally under shading of tree canopy, therefore shading levels take a main role for an optimal growth of sugar palm seedlings. The study was conducted to examine the effect of shading levels on the seedlings growth of sugar palm for up to 11 months under four shading levels: S0 (100% of full sunlight or non-shading), S1 (32% shading level), S2 (56% shading level), and S3 (64% shading level). Sugar palm seedlings grown under the shade (32, 56, and 64%) showed better plant height, stem diameter, leaf size, petiole and rachis length, chlorophyll content, root fresh and dry weights, root volume, and total biomass than those grown without shading. Although there were no significant different responses among the shading treatments on plant height, biomass dry weight, leaf morphological characters, chlorophyll content, and SPAD value, the S2 treatment showed a significant effect on a better root characters. Therefore, it can be concluded that the S2 treatment, 56% shading level, is an optimal shading condition for sugar palm seedlings.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.749-758
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• 2022

The effect of varied light intensities on the growth of daughter plants during propagation and after transplant to raised beds were examined in 'Sulhyang' strawberry. To this end, four treatments in controlling solar radiation inside a plastic house were made: 55% retractable shading and 35, 55, and 75% fixed shading. The plastic house was shaded only from 11:00 to 16:00 in June and 10:00 to 16:00 in July to September for the treatment of 55% retractable shading. The mean solar radiation inside the plastic house in the retractable 55% shading treatment was 317 W·m^-2 and those in the 35, 55, and 75% fixed shading treatments were 183, 165, and 116 W·m^-2, respectively, at 10 o'clock in the morning. The 55% and 75% fixed shading resulted in taller daughter plants with wider leaf areas than 55% retractable shading. The retractable shading also showed higher leaf numbers, crown diameters, root weights, and fresh weights compared to fixed shading treatments. Regarding the inorganic element contents, daughter plants grown under 75% fixed shading had 1.35% total nitrogen content followed by 1.19% in 35% fixed shading, 1.14% in 55% fixed shading, 1.14% in open culture, and 1.10% in 55% fixed shading. After 54 days following the transplant of daughter plants to a raised bed, the fresh weight of the aboveground part was the heaviest in the 55% retractable shading and non-shading treatments. The 75% fixed shading treatment had the lowest fresh weight of the aboveground plant parts. The results of this study could be used for the production of high-quality daughter strawberry plants.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.77-86
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• 2001

The experiments were carried out to investigate effect of shading rare on variegata appearance and leaf growth of variegated liriope (Liriope platyphylla Wang et Tang variegata Hort.) The plant was grown under four different light intensities such as 0(natural light intensity), 25, 50 and 75% shading conditions. Leaf variegata appearance was better in the light than in the shade. Leaf showed good growth at 0, 25% shading treatment, average leaf width and area of yellow part were highest at 0% shading treatment. As increased shading rate, number of stomate per unit area decreased. Total chlorophyll of the whole leaf and green part were reduced by increasing shading rate, while yellow part showed oppositely. In the epidermis, cell size of 75% shading treatment showed larger than those of 0% shading treatment.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.86-92
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• 1998

The photosynthetic rate (LPS)in the field was higher in the non-shading condition than in the shading. The fertilizer application was somewhat higher than non-fertilizer application. After humus application at 50% sading condition the growth and LPS increased with Ligularia fischeri. The maximum LPS at 80% shading was 22.3${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$mol/m/s with N-fertilizer application . Except Aster tataricus and Solidago virge-aurea. var. asiatic where the maximum LPS at non-shading and N-fertilizer application were 38.68 and 35.28${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$mol/m2/s. While the maximum LPS of Aster scaber was 30.01${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$mol/$m^2$/s at non-shading and non-fertilizer application. the growth rate was higher shading and fertilized conditions than non-shading and non-fertilized . The most effective shading condition was 50% , but leaf ration was highest in the 80% . But a. tataricus was favorable at non-shading and N-feritlized conditions.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.65-71
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• 2016

Purpose : The solar shading device carries out roles in a reduction of the cooling load and an improvement of the thermal comfort of occupants by adjusting incident solar radiation. In addition, The shading device enhances the visual sensation comfort by controlling the optical properties. In order to improve building performance and comfort of occupancy, interests in application of the shading devices are getting increasing. This study investigated the application and effectiveness of the external shading device design using statistical analysis. The outcome of this paper could be utilized for the realization of status quo and for an estimation of effectiveness of the shading device Method : The period of data gathering was between 2003 and 2014 and total 459 cases of practical building project were investigated. Firstly, this study defined qualification of the shading devices; the shading device should have minimum protruding lengths of 150mm to outside and have the function of shading control. This paper investigated application rate of the shading device in real project, regional rate of application, annual change of application, materials and types. Result : The statistical analysis showed that the application rate of shading devices was 25.7% in total 459 building design projects. The application rate in central and southern region was 25.3% and 27.0% respectively. Meanwhile, Jeju region showed 22.2%, which was the lowest rate although this area needs more shading devices. The application number of the shading device was the smallest in 2007, but the rate gradually increased after that. The applications was the largest in 2014 due to growing interest of the shading devices in the building.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers Conference
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• 1998.10a
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• pp.243-249
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• 1998

This study was conducted for analyzing the influence of outside temperature upon shading effect of greenhouses by simulation. The simulation program was tested by comparing predicted values to measured values and applied the Korean standard wide span glasshouse. The shading effect according to the variation of outside temperature was different by shading method and rate. The increasing rate of inside temperature with different shading rate was nearly propotional to the increasing value of outside temperature. The outside shading effect was a little better than inside shading.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.163-168
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• 2021

The growth experiment under shading condition has been performed to understand the eco-physiological responses of crops to light in terms of photosynthesis. There are two types of shading: overall shading and partial shading. In this study, the chlorophyll fluorescence of soybean was observed under the overall shading of the box made by polyresin and the partial shading at agrivoltaic system. The overall shading condition during vegetative growth induced lower SPAD and Electron transport rate (ETR). These lower values recovered after removal of shading box. However, the Non-photochemical fluorescence quenching (NPQ) became lower under overall shading and higher under partial shading. Such increase in NPQ limited crop photosynthesis even though the ETR was almost same to the control without shading treatment. Under the condition of partial shading, the values of SP AD and ETR for soybean did not change. However, the NPQ was higher than control condition. This suggests that the crop photosynthesis under both types of shading would be decreased by different eco-physiological processes which are the lower ETR in overall shading and the higher NP Q in partial shading despite the reduced light under shading conditions.