• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.211-215
• /
• 2008

To select entomopathogenic fungi controlling aphids effectively, several isolates were screened against second instars of Myzus persicae nymphs in the glasshouse using conidia suspension at $1.0{\times}10^5$ conidia/ml. Among these isolates, SFB-205 conidia showed the highest insecticidal activity about 32.7% efficacy to M. persicae at 4 days after application in the glasshouse. The attachment of SFB-205 conidia on the surface of M. persicae nymphs, and germination and penetration were observed using scanning electron microscopy. SFB-205 was identified as Beauveria bassiana species through the comparison of 5.8 s rRNA genes. There were 24 polymorphisms between SFB-205 and the previously reported isolate, B. bassiana ATCC74040 using six kinds of primer combinations in amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis. The B. bassiana SFB-205 might be used as a practical biological control agent for the green peach aphid, M. persicae in the field.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
• /
• v.37 no.2
• /
• pp.167-171
• /
• 1995

To develope a microbial pesticide for the control of mulberry longicorn beetle, Apriona germari, Beauveria spp. were isolated from the infected Apriona germari larvae. The morphology of Beauveria spp. was observed by phase contrast and scanning electron microscope. In addition, the Beauveria spp. isolated from Apriona germari were identified by the random amplification of polymorphic DNA using polymerase chain reaction. The results showed that the Beauveria spp., SFB-1A and SFB-3A, isolated from Apriona germari were identified with B. bassiana and B. brongniartii, respectively, suggesting that the random amplification of polymorphic DNA is effective for the identification of Beauveria spp.

• Molecules and Cells
• /
• v.42 no.3
• /
• pp.228-236
• /
• 2019

CD4 T cells differentiate into $ROR{\gamma}t/IL$-17A-expressing cells in the small intestine following colonization by segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB). However, it remains unclear whether SFB-specific CD4 T cells can differentiate directly from naïve precursors, and whether their effector differentiation is solely directed towards the Th17 lineage. In this study, we used adoptive T cell transfer experiments and showed that naïve CD4 T cells can migrate to the small intestinal lamina propria (sLP) and differentiate into effector T cells that synthesize IL-17A in response to SFB colonization. Using single cell RT-PCR analysis, we showed that the progenies of SFB responding T cells are not uniform but composed of transcriptionally divergent populations including Th1, Th17 and follicular helper T cells. We further confirmed this finding using in vitro culture of SFB specific intestinal CD4 T cells in the presence of cognate antigens, which also generated heterogeneous population with similar features. Collectively, these findings indicate that a single species of intestinal bacteria can generate a divergent population of antigen-specific effector CD4 T cells, rather than it provides a cytokine milieu for the development of a particular effector T cell subset.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics A
• /
• v.29A no.1
• /
• pp.41-47
• /
• 1992

In SFB Process, after 110$0^{\circ}C$ annealing in wet OS12T(95$^{\circ}C$ HS12TO bubbling) atmosphere, the existence of the interfacial oxide film in micro-gap at Si-Si bonding interface was identified. The angle lapping/staining and SEM morphologies of bonding interface showed that the growing behavior of interfacial oxide made a contribution to eliminate the micro-gaps having a width of 200-300$\AA$. In case of the diodes composed of p-n wafer pairs made by SFB processes, the annealed one in wet OS12T atmosphere exhibited a dielectric breakdown phenomena of interfacial oxide at 37-40 volts d.c.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.88-98
• /
• 2012

In this paper, the relationship between the bandwidth (BW) and power efficiency of a source follower based (SFB) filter is quantitatively analyzed, and a design methodology for a SFB filter for optimized BW - power consumption is introduced. The proposed design methodology achieves a maximum BW at a target quality (Q) factor for the given power consumption constraint by controlling design factors individually. In order to achieve the target BW from the maximized BW, a tuning method is introduced. Through the proposed design methodology, a fourth order Butterworth filter was implemented in 0.18 ${\mu}m$ CMOS technology. The measured BW, power consumption, and IIP3 are 100 MHz, 33 ${\mu}W$, and 9 dBm, respectively. Compared with other filter structures, the measured results show high BW - power efficiency.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
• /
• v.39 no.6
• /
• pp.1225-1243
• /
• 2018

The berries of Schisandra chinensis (Schisandra fructus) are given the name Omiza in Korean (五味子), which translates as "five flavor fruit" because they possess all five basic flavors in Korean traditional herbal medicine: salty, sweet, sour, pungent (spicy), and bitter. It is used as a remedy for many ailments: to resist infections, increase skin health, and cure insomnia, coughing, and thirst. This study was designed to investigate the effects of Schisandra fructus butanol fraction (SFB) on serum lipid levels in hyperlipidemic mice. In this experiment, effects on total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, and triglyceride in serum were measured. In our results, SFB did not affect weight gain in hyperlipidemic mice. Oral administration of SFB lowered levels of total cholesterol and triglyceride, which were elevated by induction of hyperlipidemia. Finally, administration of SFB regulated changes in gene expression which were related to cell growth and differentiation.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
• /
• v.27 no.5
• /
• pp.415-418
• /
• 1999

Thecodiplosis japonensis is an important insect pest in pine trees and hard to be controlled by chemical pesticides due to its characteristic life cycle. Experiments were conducted to determine the pathogenicity and growth temperature of several entomopathogenic fungi as potential microbial insectcides for T. japonensis. Beauveria bassiana SFB-SC and Paecilomyces fumosoroseus SFP-198 were highly pathogenic against T. japonensis. B. bassiana SFB-SC had also pathogenicity against a beneficial insect Bombyx mori. Growth rate and pathogenicity of P. funmosoroseus SFP-198 under 15$^{\circ}C$ was higher than those of B. bassians SFB-SC. These results indicated that P. fumosoroseus SFP-198 is a potential microbial control candidate for control of T. japonensis.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.54 no.4
• /
• pp.289-294
• /
• 2015

Striped flea beetle, Phyllotreta striolata (SFB) and turnip sawfly, Athalia rosae ruficornis (TSF) are two economically important sporadic pests in radish fields on Jeju island. The response of adult SFB and TSF to a mixture of aggregation pheromone, (+)-(6R,7S)-himachala-9,11-diene and host plant volatile, allyl isothiocyanate (HAI), as well as to yellow and blue sticky traps was examined in radish fields. Adult SFB was more attracted to the sticky trap with HAI, regardless of the color of the sticky trap; however, adult TSF was more attracted on the yellow sticky trap than blue, and no effect of HAI was observed. The adult SFB and TSF can be effectively monitored using yellow sticky traps placed 10 cm above the plant canopy. SFB and TSF had 3 and 5 peak times in a year, respectively. The first peak occurred in the middle of March for SFB and mid-late of April for TSF. We expect that the results of the present study can facilitate minimizing the damage caused by the two important pests in commercial radish fields.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.34 no.4
• /
• pp.368-372
• /
• 1995

To develop a microbial pesticide for the control of pine gall midges. Thecodiplosis japonensis, entomopathogenc fungi were isolated from 233 soil samples in the damaged region of Thecodiplosis japonenesis, and identified with Beauveria spp. 29 strains and Paecilomyces spp. 2 strains. The morphology of entomopathogenic fungi was observed by scanning electron miroscope. In addition, the toxicity of entomopathogenic fungi was observed by scanning electron microscope. In addition, the toxicity of entomopathogenic fungi isolated from soil samples was determined by bioassay against Thecodiplosis japonensis larvae. The result showed that toxicity of relatively pathogenic strains, Beauveria spp. SFB-168-2 was 82.9%, suggesting that Beauveria spp. SFB-168-2 is effective entomopathogenic fungi for the control of pine gall midges.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.506-509
• /
• 2010

The application of Beauveria bassiana SFB-205 supernatant incorporated with polyoxyethylene-(3)-isotridecyl ether (TDE-3) significantly reduced the population of two species of aphids including cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii, and green peach aphid, Myzus persicae, much higher in cotton aphid, compared with supernatant incorporated with Tween 80, which allows the relationship of aphicidal activity with the degradation of aphid cuticles to be determined. Overall, the degradation of the cuticles induced by the supernatant was more remarkable in conjunction with TDE-3 than Tween 80, and this phenomenon was more observable in cotton aphid through SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, revealing high correlation with their aphicidal activities.