• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.5-14
• /
• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a group walking exercise on body composition, blood lipid profiles and psychological factors. Also this study was to examine the satisfaction of walking exercise and characteristics of the exercise behavior among participants. Method: The subjects, aged 30 to 77 years, were 138 participants in a 24-week, group walking exercise. A walking exercise protocol and education was given to the participants, which was to do walking over three times a week and over thirty minutes each time. We compared the participants' body composition (BMI, PBF, BFM, FFM, WHR and VFA), blood lipid profiles (HDL-C, LDL-C, total cholesterol, triglyceride), exercise self-efficacy and quality of life before and after group walking excercise. Collected data were analyzed through paired t-test using the SAS program. Results: Mean walking frequency was 11.4 times per month and mean walking time was 71.5 min. BMI, PBF, BFM, WHR, and VFA were significantly decreased. FFM increased significantly (p=.0002). There were significant decreased in TC, LDL-C and TG.. Exercise self-efficacy did not increase significantly, but quality of life increased significantly(p=.0088). Conclusion: Community-Based 24 weeks group walking exercise program had positive effects on body composition, blood lipids and quality of life.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.149-171
• /
• 1998

This study attempted to find out a way which is to establish a desirable value and social culture related to sexuality. This study examined student's value and preference about sex and at the same time resolving method to correct ill-rooted value of male preference in our social culture. This study subjects consisted of 409 male and female students of a college located in Incheon area. The study data collected from June 5th to June 11th. 1998. Survey technique was chosen to collect data and analized by SPSS/PC+, SAS program using statistical methods of frequency. percent. $X^ 2-test$ and t-test. The study results are as follows ; 1) Sex satisfaction score of male students was higher than female students and the difference was significant statistically (p<0.0001). 2) There was a difference between male and female student's thought that our socity's structure has a sex discrimination. But female students felt strongly unequality of sex in our socity. 3) $65.4\%$ of total students have a general knowledge about sex and female student's score was higher than male students. The high percent of students get into know sex through mass media $(32.6\%)$ and peer groups $(31.9\%)$. 4) Student's attitude to sex was different from male and female students. Male students have more liberal attitude about sex than female students. 5) $97.1\%$ of the total students believe that our socity has son preference. 6) $86.5\%$ of the total students thought that sex ratio disproportion resulted from male preference is worriable problems in our socity. But there was no significant difference between both sexes.

• Child Health Nursing Research
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.180-187
• /
• 2004

Purpose: This study was designed to investigate effect of sensory stimulation on the mother-infant interaction in premature infants. Method: The subjects of this study consisted of 36 pairs of premature infants and their mothers from NICU of one university hospital located in Taegu, 18 pairs for intervention group and 18 pairs for control group. The data were collected from May, 1999 to October, 2000. For the intervention group Field's sensory stimulation(tactile and kinesthetic stimulation) was applied 2 times a day for 10 days(10:00-11:00 in the morning and 7:00-8:00 in the afternoon by researcher and mother). To determine mother and infant interaction during feeding, tool developed by Kim Mi-Ye(1999) was used. Collected data were analyzed with SAS program using chi-square test and t-test. Result: Significant differences were found in mother-infant interaction between two groups(t=-5.38, p=.00). It indicates that sensory stimulation was effective in improving mother-infant interaction. In the aspects of the quality of mother-infant interaction, sensory stimulation was most effective in improving sensitivity to mother and infant's synchronic behaviors(t=-5.43. p=.00) and followed by growth fostering(t=-5.07, p=.00), sensitivity to infant's cues(t=-4.53, p=.00), clarity of infant's cues(t=-3.03, p=.00) and responsiveness to the mother's behaviors(t=-2.14, p= 0.04). Conclusion: Based on the result of this study, it is suggested that maternally administered sensory stimulation should be applied clinical practice to improve interaction of premature infants and their mothers.

• Child Health Nursing Research
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.348-355
• /
• 2005

Purpose: In order to provide basic information for the development of nursing programs, health promoting behavior of students rewriting college entrance examinations was examined and factors related to health promotion were identified. Method: Data were collected by questionnaire from 804 examines in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province and were analyzed using the SAS program with t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe's test and Pearson correlation coefficients. Result: The mean score for health promoting behavior was 2.50. The highest score for the sub-areas was harmonious relationships and the lowest was, professional health maintenance. There were significant differences in health promoting behavior according to the following general characteristics; religion, frequency of rewriting college entrance examination, economic burden, parents' education level, grade, satisfaction with parents, friends and rewriting of college entrance examinations, parents' health concernsand knowledge of health, need for health education, and health condition and chronic disease over the past year. Correlations between health promoting behavior and family support and self-esteem were positive. The variables that influenced health promoting behavior were family support ($24.5\%$), self-esteem ($11.3\%$), anxiety ($2.6\%$), and stress of studying ($0.5\%$), explaining $38.9\%$ of the total variance. Conclusion: These results will help to develop a nursing program that enhances health promoting behavior of students rewriting college entrance examinations.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.117-126
• /
• 2008

Purpose: The aim of this study was to research caregiver trainees, and to understand the degree of subjective quality of life and internal and external locus control, and to examine the relationships between these variables. Method: The subjects of the research were 348 trainees at a Jeonju city caregiver training center. The subjective quality of life and the characteristics of locus control were used as measuring tools. The collected data was analyzed by the SAS 9.1 program. Result: The degree of subjective quality of life was significantly different according to the general characteristics of age (F=2.83, p=0.02), marital status (F=3.34, p=0.01), and willingness to work (F=3.94, p=0.05). The degree of internal locus control was significantly different according to the general characteristic of marital status (F=3.0 p=0.01). External locus control was significantly different according to the general characteristics of age (F=9.77, p=0.00), occupation (F=2.91, p=0.01), educational level (F=9.65, p=0.00), monthly income (F=3.81, p=0.00), educational institution (F=2.06, p=0.04), educational experience (F=4.15, p=0.00), and subjects willingness to work (t=8.71, p=0.00). A significant correlation was identified between the subjective quality of life and internal locus control (r=0.23, p=0.0001). Conclusion: A significant correlation was shown between subjective quality of life and internal locus control of the caregiver trainees.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
• /
• v.13 no.4
• /
• pp.632-640
• /
• 2001

Purpose: This study was to examine the effects of supportive nursing care on surgical patients in the operating room. Method: This study was nonequivalent control group none-synchronized design. The data were collected during the period of July 26 through October 8, 1999 at K hospital in Kwangju. The subjects for the study were selected from those patients who were admitted to K hospital for abdominal surgery. Forty-eight adult subjects were selected and evenly divided into two groups: 24 for the experimental group and the other 24 for the control group, respectively. The tool used for measuring state and trait anxiety was the one originally worked out by Spilberger(1976), and translated by Kim Jung- Taek and Shin Dong-Kyun(1978) for suitable application for Koreans. Data were analyzed by $\chi^2$- test, t-test, Chronbach's ${\alpha}$ coefficient using SAS/PC+. Result: Results were as follows : 1. The degree of State anxiety was found to be lower in the experimental group who received supportive nursing care in the operating room immediately before an operation than the control group who did not."(p<.001). 2. There was no significant difference on the post-test blood pressure and pulse rate immediately before operation between the two groups(p>.05). Conclusion: Results of the above study reveals that the supportive nursing care in the operating room is effective in alleviating the anxiety of patients. I suggest that it is highly desirable to apply supportive nursing care for those patients who are waiting for immediate surgery.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
• /
• v.13 no.4
• /
• pp.560-570
• /
• 2001

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify factors of the causal attribution of cancer and to determine related variables. Method: Subjects were one hundred and thirty three cancer patients. The tool of the perceived causal attribution used was developed by authors and basically founded on Kim's work(1993). The SAS program was used to analyze the data along with descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Duncan's Multiple range test, and Principal component analysis and varimax rotation. Results: 1) The perceived causal attribution measurement revealed four factors; overload, destiny, stress, and constitution. The total percentage of variance explained by the four factors was 44.3%. 2) The scores of destiny on women, having religion, unemployed, lower level of education, no spouse, groups of uterine cervix and lung cancer, not receiving an operation and receiving radiation were significantly higher than those other groups. 3) The scores of stress on women, having religion, and not having a job were significantly higher than those on men, without religion, and having a job. 4) The scores of constitution on those in their forties, women, not receiving an operation and receiving radiation were significantly higher than for those in their sixties, men, receiving operation and not receiving radiation. There was no significant difference in the factor scores of overload by any variables. Conclusion: Factors of the perceived causal attribution of cancer among Korean cancer patients were overload, destiny, stress, and constitution. The scores of each factor the perceived causal attribution was significantly different by general and disease related characteristics.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
• /
• v.13 no.4
• /
• pp.529-538
• /
• 2001

Purpose: This study purposed to examine the disease-related knowledge level and compliance with good health behavior in patients with myocardial infarction according to the atherosclerotic risk factors. Method: The subjects consisted of 72 patients with myocardial infarction and the data were collected by interviewing the subjects with questionnaires and reviewing their medical records from September, 15, 1999 to July 31, 2000. Data were analyzed using the SAS program. Results: 1) With regard to atherosclerotic risk factors: of the subjects, 91.7% lacked regular exercise, followed by smoking (61.1%). 2) The average knowledge score of the patients was 19.7 and the average compliance score was 53.9. 3) There were no significant differences in the total knowledge scores according to the patients' atherosclerotic risk factors. 4) Non-diabetics were significantly higher in knowledge scores on domain of risk factors than the diabetics. 5) The overweight patients were significantly higher in knowledge score on domain of nature of disease than the normalweight patients. 6) The total compliance scores of the non-smokers were significantly higher than those of the smokers. 7) The total compliance scores of the patients who do regular exercise were significantly higher than those of the patients who forgo regular exercise. 8) The non-smokers were significantly higher in compliance scores on domain of diet than the smokers. 9) The diabetic patients were significantly higher in compliance scores on domain of smoking cessation than the non-diabetics. 10) Patients who do regular exercise were significantly higher in compliance scores on other domains than the patients who forgo regular exercise. Conclusion: According to the above findings, it can be concluded that intensive nursing care and education should be provided to patients who have atherosclerotic risk factors such as smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, lack of exercise, over weight, or hypercholesterolemia to increase disease related knowledge level and to improve compliance with good health behavior.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.305-315
• /
• 1997

The propose of this study was to analyze the relationships among the levels of training & development evaluation (reaction, learning, transfer). The study has been conducted on 730 trainees who attended in the basic accounting program in L training and development institution through three incidents of tracked research such as reaction survey right after the conclusion of training, learning evaluation through test, and an evaluation of the transferability after 3 months of training. Questionnaires and test papers for analyses were used after their reliability, validity, difficulty, and discrimination have been verified on a pre-test. The research has been conducted for six months from 4 March 1996 to the end of August 1996, and data have been collected through direct research and survey through mail. The collected data have been worked on at SAS program for Windows with a statistical significance level of 5%. Statistical method that had been used was Pearson's correlation coefficient. The result and conclusion acquired from this study were as follows: Between reaction and learning, learning and transfer of training, only a weak positive correlation exists and explanation or prediction variance showing hierarchical relationship was quite weak with 1%. Thus, this research not only does not strongly support Kirkpatrick(1976)'s hierarchical model of $reaction{\rightarrow}learning{\rightarrow}transfer$, but also indicates that the separate measurement on each levels of training evaluation needs to be done. On the other hand, there was a relatively strong positive correlation between reaction and transfer of training. Based on the result, the conclusion, and the restriction perceived through this study, the following suggestions were made. 1. There is a need to empirically analyze and verify the hierarchy of all levels of training evaluation including the evaluation of the fourth level (result) such as organizational productivity, organizational satisfaction, and separation rate. 2. A great deal of efforts will be needed to systematically analyze what the relationships are among the methods measuring the level of evaluation of the training and development, and to apply this result to the training field.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.233-241
• /
• 2017

This study identified an effective control method for periodontitis by investigating the association between blood levels of vitamin D and periodontitis in Korean elderly based on raw data from the fifth Korea National Health & Nutrition Examination Survey of 2010 (KNHANES). In this study, 1,021 adults over 65 years of age were evaluated based on data from the KNHANES. Periodontal disease was assessed using community periodontal index (CPI), with CPI codes ${\geq}3$ defined as periodontitis. Blood levels of vitamin D were measured from blood samples and divided into four groups (first quartile: ${\leq}13.23ng/ml$, second quartile: 13.24~16.95 ng/ml, third quartile: 16.96~21.58 ng/ml), and fourth quartile >21.59 ng/ml). Using multiple logistic regression analyses, the variables were adjusted for general characteristics, oral health-related characteristics, health-related characteristics, and bone mineral density. The statistical analysis was performed using the SAS (ver. 9.2). The results of this study are as follows: the prevalence of periodontitis was 42.6% in Korean elderly. After adjusting for general, oral health-related, and health-related, the risk of periodontitis in the first quartile group was 1.74 times (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02~2.98) higher than that of the fourth quartile group (p=0.041). After adjusting for general, oral health-related, and health-related characteristics as well as bone mineral density, the risk of periodontitis in the first quartile group was 1.73 times (95% CI, 1.02~2.96) higher than that of the four quartile group (p=0.042). There was a significant relationship between blood vitamin D level and periodontitis in Korean elderly. For the prevention of periodontitis, factors related to vitamin D should be considered along with other risk factors.