• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.11-26
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• 2013

In the wireless Internet, it is so restrictive to use the IPSec. The MIPv4 IPSec's path cannot include wireless links. That is, the IPSec of the wireless Internet cannot protect an entire path of Host-to-Host connection. Also wireless circumstance keeps a path static during the shorter time, nevertheless, the IKE for IPSec SA agreement requires relatively long delay. The certificate management of IPSec PKI security needs too much burden. This means that IPSec of the wireless Internet is so disadvantageous. Our paper is to construct the Mobile IPSec proper to the wireless Internet which provides the host-to-host transport mode service to protect even wireless links as applying excellent WP-IBE scheme. For this, Mobile IPSec requires a dynamic routing over a path with wireless links. FA Forwarding is a routing method for FA to extend the path to a newly formed wireless link. The FA IPSec SA for FA Forwarding is updated to comply the dynamically extended path using Source Routing based Bind Update. To improve the performance of IPSec, we apply efficient and strong future Identity based Weil Pairing Bilinear Elliptic Curve Cryptography called as WP-IBE scheme. Our paper proposes the modified protocols to apply 6 security-related algorithms of WP-IBE into the Mobile IPSec. Particularly we focus on the protocols to be applied to construct ESP Datagram.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institutes of Information Security and Cryptology Conference
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• 1994.11a
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• pp.233-244
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• 1994

개방형 시스템에서 사용자에게 안전성 및 신뢰성을 보증하기 위하여 정보 보호가 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 트랜스포트 계층에서 보호 서비스를 제공하기 위하여 ISO와 IEC에서 표준으로 권고하고 있는 TLSP와 SA-P를 분석하고, 표준에서는 정의하지 않았으나 구현상 필요한 세부 사항들을 정의한다. 그리고 구현 모델을 제시하고 이에 기초하여 보호 시스템을 개발한다. 개발을 위한 환경으로는 USL의 ONP를 사용한다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.53-58
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• 1997

$[Lys^7$]dermorphin, abbreviated K7DA, which has structural features similar to a metabolically stable $\mu$-opioid peptide agonist $[D-Arg^2, Lys^4$]dermorphin analogue (DALDA), but is intrinsically more potent with respect to binding to the $\mu$-opioid peptide receptor. The present studies report on attempts to enhance brain uptake of systemically administered K7DA by conjugation to a complex of streptavidin (SA) and the OX26 murine monoclonal antibody to the rat transferrin receptor, which undergoes receptor-mediated transcytosis through the blood-brain barrier (BBB). SA-OX26 conjugate mediates BBB transport of biotinylated therapeutics. The K7DA is monobiotinylated at the $\varepsilon$-amino group of the $[Lys^7$] residue with cleavable linker using NHS-SS-biotin. The brain uptake of $^{125}I$ labeled biotinylated K7DA ($^{125}I$-bio-SSa-K7DA) was very small and rapidly metabolized after intravenous injection. The brain uptake, expressed as percent of injected dose delivered per gram of brain, of the $^{125}I$-bio-55-K7DA bound to the SA-OX26 conjugate $^{125}I$-bio-SS-K7DA/SA-OX26) was 0.14$\pm$0.01, a level that is 2-fold greater than the brain uptake of morphine. The cleavability of the disulfide linker in vivo in rat plasma and brain was assessed with gel filtration HPLC and intravenous injection of labeled opioid chimeric peptides. The disulfide linker is stable in plasma in vivo but is cleaved in rat brain in vivo. In conclusion, these studies show that delivery of these potential opioid peptides to the brain may be improved by coupling them to vector-mediated BBB drug delivery system.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.199-212
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• 1983

The inhibition/influences of adenine compounds on the heart have been described repeatedly by many investigators, since the first report by Druny and Szent-Gyorgyi [1929]. These studies have shown that adenosine and adenine nucleotides have an over-all effect similar to that of acetylcholine [ACh] by slowing and weakening the heartbeat. The basic cellular and membrane events underlying the inhibitory action of adenosine on sinus rate, however, are not well understood. Furthermore, the physiological role of adenosine in regulation of the heartbeat remains still to be elucidated. Therefore, this study was undertaken in order to examine the response of rabbit SA node to adenosine and to compare the response to that of ACh. Isolated SA node preparation, whole atrial pair, or left atrlal strip was used in each experiment. Action potentials of SA node were recorded through the intracellular glass microelectrodes, which were filled with 3M KCI and had resistance of 30-50 M. All experiments were performed in a bicarbonate-buffered Tyrode solution which was aerated with 3% $CO_2-97%$ $O_2$ gas mixture and kept at $35^{\circ}C$. Spontaneous firing rate of SA node at 35C [Mean + SEM, n=16] was 154 + 3.3 beats/min. The parameters of action potentials were: maximum astolic potential [MDP], -731.7mV: overshoot [OS], 9 + 1.4mV; slope of pacemaker potential [SPP], 94 3.0mV/sec.Adenosine suppressed the firing rate of SA node in a dose dependent manner. This inhibitory effect appeared at the concentration of $10^{-6}M$ and was potentiated in parallel with the increase in adenosine concentration. Changes in action potential by adenosine were dose-dependent increase of MDP and decrease of SPP until $10^{-4}$. Above this concentration, however, the amplitude of action potential decreased markedly due to the simultaneous decrease of both MDP and OS. All these effects of adenosine were not affected by pretreatment of atropine [2mg/l] and propranolol [$5{\times}10^{-6}M$]. ACh [$10^{-6}M$] responses on action potential were similar to those of adenosine by increasing MDP and decreasing SPP. These effects of ACh disappeared by pretreatment of atropine [2mg/1]. Inhibition/effects of adenosine and ACh on sinus rate were enhanced synergistically with the simultaneous administration of adenosine and ACh. Marked decrease of overshoot potential was the most prominent feature on action potential. Dipyridamole [DPM], which is known to block the adenosine transport across cell membrane, definitely potentiated the action of adenosine . Adenosine suppressed the sinus rate and atrial contractility in the same dosage range, even in the reserpinized preparation. Above` results suggest that adenosine suppresses pacemaker activity, like ACh, by acting directly on the membrane of SA node, increasing MDP and decreasing SPP.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.471-479
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• 2009

A Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron(NZVI) was modified to build a reactor system to treat nitrate. Shell layer of the NZVI was modified by slow exposure of the iron surface to air flow, which produced NZVI particles that are resistant to aerial oxidation. A XANES (X-ray Absorption Near-Edge Structure) analysis revealed that the shell consists of magnetite ($Fe_3O_4$) dominantly. The shell-modified NZVI(0.5 g NZVI/ 120 mL) was able to degrade more than 95% of 30 mg/L of nitrate within $30 hr^{-1}$ ( pseudo first-order rate constant($k_{SA}$) normalzed to NZVI surface area ($17.96m^2/g$) : $0.0050L{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}hr^{-1}$). Ammonia occupied about 90% of degradation products of nitrate. Nitrate degradation efficiencies increased with the increase of NZVI dose generally. Initial pH values of the reactor systems at 4, 7, and 10 did not affect nitrate removal rate and final pH values of all experiments were near 12. Nitrate removal experiments by using the shell-modified NZVI immobilized on a cellulose acetate (CA) membrane were also conducted. The nitrate removal efficiency of the CA membrane supported NZVI ($k_{SA}=0.0036L{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}hr^{-1}$) was less than that of the NZVI slurries($k_{SA}=0.0050L{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}hr^{-1}$), which is probably due to less surface area available for reduction and to kinetic retardation by nitrate transport through the CA membrane. The detachment of the NZVI from the CA membrane was minimal and impregnation of up to 1 g of NZVI onto 1 g of the CA membrane was found feasible.

• Journal of computational fluids engineering
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.54-60
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• 2012

Transition prediction results are validated with experimental data obtained from a transonic wind tunnel for the KU109C airfoil. A Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes code is simultaneously coupled with the transition transport model of Langtry and Menter and applied to the numerical prediction of aerodynamic performance of the KU109C airfoil. Drag coefficients from the experiment are better correlated to the numerical prediction results using a transition transport model rather than the fully turbulent simulation results. Maximum lift coefficient and drag divergence at the zero-lift condition with Mach number are investigated. Through the present validation procedure, the accuracy and usefulness of both the experiment and the numerical prediction are assessed.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1999.11d
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• pp.984-986
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• 1999

In the case of immobilizing of glucose oxidase in organic polymer using electrosynthesis, the glucose oxidase obstructs charge transfer and mass transport during the film growth. This may lead to short chained polymer and make charge-coupling weak between the glucose oxidase and the backbone of the polymer. That is mainly due to insulating property and net chain of the glucose oxidase. Such being the case, it is useless to increase in amount of glucose oxidase more than reasonable in the synthetic solution. We establish by means of qualitative analysis that amount of immobilized glucose oxidase can be improved by adding a hole ethyl alcohol in the synthetic solution. As ethyl alcohol was added by 0.1mol $dm^{-3}$ in the synthetic solution, the faradic impedance of resultant electrode was increased about five times as much as the case of ethyl alcohol free in the solution, and mass transport was limited more than over. That is due to insulating property and net chain of the glucose oxidase. Moreover, in ultraviolet spectra of the synthetic solution, the adsorption peak at 285nm corresponding to glucose oxidase was decreased. It suggests increase in amount of immobilized glucose oxidase.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.24-37
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• 2001

This paper deals with our experience for the design and implementation of Transport and Session managers in the Integrated Streaming Service Architecture (IS SA) that was developed by the authors. The ISSA is a streaming framework that allows to develop integrated multimedia streaming applications such as VOD system in unicast/multicast and real-time broadcastOive-cast). It also facilities standard real-time transport protocols such as RTp(Real-Time Transport Protocol)/RTCP(Real-time Control Protocol) and RTSP(Real-Time Streaming ProtocoD that allows to user openness. The ISSA supports diverse media fonnats and is independent from underlying networks and operating systems, and compatible with the global real-time multimedia database system (BeeHive) so that streaming media are efficiently retrieved, stored, and serviced. The role of the Transport Manager is to do packetization and depacketization for the different types of multimedia data and delivers the packetized media data in real-time. The Transport Manager uses RTP protocol. The role of the Session Manager is to establish and control the media channel by using RTSP protocol and to deliver the database transactions for the multimedia database by using RTTP(Real-Time Transaction Protocol) protocol. Both the Transport and Session Manager are doing their functions through the network interface in the ISSA that allows developers to various network programming interfaces and provides flexibility to the system.

• Journal of computational fluids engineering
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.79-85
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• 2010

Aerodynamic design optimization of rotor airfoil has been performed with advanced design method for improved aerodynamic characteristics of ONERA airfoils. A multiple response surface method is used to consider various requirements in rotor airfoil design. Shape functions for mean camber line are proposed to extend possible design domain. Numerical simulations are performed using KFLOW, a Navier-Stokes solver with shear stress transport turbulence model. The present design method provides favorable configurations for the high performance rotor airfoil. Resulting optimized airfoils give better aerodynamic performance than the baseline airfoils.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2011.10a
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• pp.1171-1176
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• 2011

According to the 'Rules on the Safety Standard of Railroad Facilities', the 'Detailed Safety Standards of Railroad Facilities' and 'the Standards for Railroad Design' unified of MLTM(Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs), the risk analysis on the application of fire safety facilities should be quantitatively performed to ensure the safety in tunnels over 1km long. This paper aims at proposal of basic data for the safety facilities' planning with reasonable and appropriate scale through case studies on different model tunnels.