• 유통과학연구
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.49-57
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• 2014

Purpose - The world now recognizes environmental disruption as a serious issue when regarding growth-oriented strategies; therefore, environmental preservation issues become pertinent. Consequently, green distribution is continuously emphasized. However, studying the prediction and association of distribution and the environment is insufficient. Most existing studies about green distribution are about its necessity, detailed operation methods, and political suggestions; it is necessary to study the distribution service industry and environmental service industry together, for green distribution. Research design, data, and methodology - ARIMA (auto-regressive moving average model) was used to predict the environmental service and distribution service industries, and the Granger Causality Test based on VAR (vector auto regressive) was used to analyze the causal relationship. This study used 48 quarters of time-series data, from the 4th quarter in 2001 to the 3rd quarter in 2013, about each business type's production index, and used an unchangeable index. The production index about the business type is classified into the current index and the unchangeable index. The unchangeable index divides the current index into deflators to remove fluctuation. Therefore, it is easy to analyze the actual production index. This study used the unchangeable index. Results - The production index of the distribution service industry and the production index of the environmental service industry consider the autocorrelation coefficient and partial autocorrelation coefficient; therefore, ARIMA(0,0,2)(0,1,1)4 and ARIMA(3,1,0)(0,1,1)4 were established as final prediction models, resulting in the gradual improvement in every production index of both types of business. Regarding the distribution service industry's production index, it is predicted that the 4th quarter in 2014 is 114.35, and the 4th quarter in 2015 is 123.48. Moreover, regarding the environmental service industry's production index, it is predicted that the 4th quarter in 2014 is 110.95, and the 4th quarter in 2015 is 111.67. In a causal relationship analysis, the environmental service industry impacts the distribution service industry, but the distribution service industry does not impact the environmental service industry. Conclusions - This study predicted the distribution service industry and environmental service industry with the ARIMA model, and examined the causal relationship between them through the Granger causality test based on the VAR Model. Prediction reveals the seasonality and gradual increase in the two industries. Moreover, the environmental service industry impacts the distribution service industry, but the distribution service industry does not impact the environmental service industry. This study contributed academically by offering base line data needed in the establishment of a future style of management and policy directions for the two industries through the prediction of the distribution service industry and the environmental service industry, and tested a causal relationship between them, which is insufficient in existing studies. The limitations of this study are that deeper considerations of advanced studies are deficient, and the effect of causality between the two types of industries on the actual industry was not established.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.88-102
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• 1989

This survey was conducted in order to find out the degree of health service activities of Public Health Nurses & variables relevant to their activities. The subjects of this survey were 232 PHN in Health Centers, Inchon & Kyung Gi area. Data were collected by mean of questionairs from 30th, September to 30th, October, 1986. For the analysis, ANOVA was used. The results were as follows; 1. General characteristics of PHN: o An approximately four fifth of the subjects (82.3%) was between 20-39 years. o The average career length of the subjects as PHN was 4 years. o Their educational level was almost Nursing School (22.4%) Junior College of Nursing (53.4%). o The marital status of the subjects was already married (75.4%). 3. The degree of health service activities of PHN; o The total mean of health service activities was 2.147 (S.D: 1.477, range 11-5). o Among the 11 Health Service Categories; Health service planning (2.828) is the highest mean scored category. The lowest mean scored category was the other health services. o Among the specific activity items about the 11 health service categories, the highest scored activities were 'personal counselling & education' in well-baby care (2.504), family planning (2.530), Tb control (2.134), disease control (2.371), 'health history taking & health examination', in prenatal care, 'clinic care', in administrative service, 'record & report', in the other categories. o Almost categories (10), 'Home visiting' was the lowest scored activity. 3. The relevance for the health service activities by several variables were as follows; o The relevance for the health service activities by general characteristics of PHN was not shown significance at age, educational level, marital status, relegion status. o And at work place, & work department was shown high significance.

• 한국CDE학회논문집
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.246-252
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• 2004

Presented in this Paper is a Micro Machining Service .(MIMS) based on the World Wide Web technologies. In order to ensure easy access to the service, the web browsers are used as the user interface. The pan geometry as an STL file is uploaded with process parameter for 3-axis CNC milling. Depending on the predefined user level, novice or expert, the user interface requires different parameters for process planning. An STL-based CAM resides in the server and automatically provides NC codes upon user's request. Tool-paths for scanning and pencil-cut, which are interference-free and precise, are created by the curve-based polyhedral machining method. A couple of sample parts were fabricated by a micro endmill with 127 fm diameter. From the tests, the parts fabricated by scanning followed by pencil-cut resulted in less error(within 2%) than the parts machined only by scanning tool-path.

• 융합보안논문지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.41-48
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• 2009

분산서비스거부 공격을 탐지하기 위한 많은 개발과 연구가 진행되고 있다. 그 중에서 통계적 기법을 이용한 방법은 정상적인 패킷과 비정상적인 패킷을 판별해 내는데 효율적이다. 본 논문에서는 여러 가지의 통계적 기법을 혼합하여 다양한 공격을 탐지할 수 있는 방법을 제안한다. 효과를 검증하기 위하여 라우터에 DDoS 공격 패킷 필터링을 설정한 경우와 제안 기법을 적용한 리눅스 라우터를 구현하여 실험한 결과, 제안 기법이 다양한 공격을 탐지하는 것 뿐만이 아니라 정상적인 서비스까지도 대부분 유지시키는 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제35권2A호
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• pp.196-201
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• 2010

Measurement of Quality of Service (QoS) parameters and its statistical analysis becomes a key issue for Mobile WiMAX service providers to manage the converged network efficiently and to support end-to-end QoS. In this paper, we investigate the population distribution of end-to-end one-way delay which is the most important QoS parameter in Mobile WiMAX networks. The samples are analyzed with Chi-Square Goodness-of-Fit test, Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K-S), and Anderson-Darling (A-D) test to verify the distribution of parent population. The relation with confidence level and the minimum number of sample size is also performed for logistic distribution. The statistical analysis is a promising approach for measuring the performance Mobile WiMAX networks.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2004년도 ICEIC The International Conference on Electronics Informations and Communications
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• pp.57-60
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• 2004

Next generation wireless network is evolving toward IP-based network that can various provide multimedia services. A challenge in wireless mobile Internet is support of quality of service over wireless access networks. DiffServ architecture is proposed for evolving wireless mobile Internet. In this paper we propose an algorithm for optimal buffer partitioning which requires the minimal channel capacity to satisfy the QoS requirements of input traffic. We used a partitioned buffer with size B to serve a layered traffic at each DiffServ router. We consider a traffic model with a single source generates traffic having J $(J\geq2)$ quality of service (QoS) classes. QoS in this case is described by loss probability $\varepsilon_j$. for QoS class j. Traffic is admitted or rejected based on the buffer occupancy and its service class. Traffic is generated by heterogeneous Markov-modulated fluid source (MMFS).

• 미국학
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.1-33
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• 2021

This paper examines the service ideal preached by Bruce Barton, a bestselling American author in the 1920s. Based on archival sources and other historical materials, this paper presents Barton's endorsement of service ideal less as an adaptation to the looming consumerist society than an endeavor to revive the old producer ethos that was more coercive than therapeutic. Revisiting Barton's messages to Americans, this paper traces the intellectual root of Barton's service ideal to the Social Gospel and illustrates the ways his producer ethos evolved into a commonplace ideology of Christian meritocracy that endorsed individualism and small government.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2014

This study applies the job-demands resource (JD-R) model to investigate the interactive effect of job demands and job resources in predicting the development of service employee work engagement and customer-oriented attitude. This paper proposed a theoretical model that suggests that the service employee's work engagement is the consequence of the employee's perceived support from the organization and its customers (customer participation) and leads to a customer-oriented attitude. However, the effect of organizational support is somewhat hindered by job insecurity, demonstrating the inability of an organizationally provided job resource to overcome the job demand of job insecurity. As a type of job demand from customer's perspective, customer crowding is suggested as a negative moderator in the link between customer participation and work engagement. As such, this article proposes how different elements of a service employee's work environment interact to ultimately influence the service employee's customer-oriented attitude. Specifically, the current research focuses on how the negative contextual elements of job insecurity and job crowding (i.e., job demands) interact with the potentially positive elements of organizational support and customer participation (i.e., job resources), as well as with an employee's customer orientation, to ultimately develop a customer-oriented attitude. This study concludes with some propositions for potential causal relationships among key constructs that can be empirically tested in future research, as well as implications of the current study for both managers and researchers.

• 가정간호학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.317-328
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to provide patient-centered nursing by comparing the patient needs, patient satisfaction, and communication type of nurses for patients admitted to integrated nursing care service ward and general ward. Methods: Data were collected by self-report questionnaires between September 7 and October 9, 2021. Patients were patients recruited from a hospital in D city, 100 each from comprehensive nursing care service ward and general ward. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, 𝜒²-test, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation. Results: There was no significant difference in patient needs between the patients of integrated nursing care service ward and the general ward (t=-1.12, p=.263). However, patient satisfaction was higher among the patients in integrated nursing care service ward than in the general ward (t=-3.55, p<.001). Pertaining to the communication type of nurses, the informational communication type (t=-4.02, p<.001) and the friendly communication type (t=-3.92, p<.001) were stronger in the integrated nursing care service ward than the general ward. It was, hence, confirmed that the educational requirements were positively correlated with patient satisfaction in the reliability domain and technical-professional domain, and that the nurse informational communication type and friendly communication type had a significantly positive correlation with patient satisfaction. Conclusion: The expansion of the integrated nursing care service ward may be considered in the future, with an informational and friendly communication method as an effective response that can be adapted in practice as a reflection the type of communication among nurses.

• 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보처리학회 2003년도 춘계학술발표논문집 (하)
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• pp.1925-1928
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• 2003

음성과 데이터가 같이 사용될 수 없는 2.5G의 통신형 PDA를 위한 PUSH 서비스를 제안하였고, 이 PUSH 서비스와 이동 단말기의 특성을 고려한 보안 프로토콜을 현재 상용화된 알고리즘을 적절히 적용하여 구현하였다. 제안한 PUSH 서비스는 유선 인터넷 망과는 오프라인 상태인 음성 대기용 클라이언트 단말기와 망 접속 방식으로 SMS(short message service)를 이용하였으며, SMS 메시지 수신 후에는 단말기 상에서 SMS의 데이터를 분석하여 RAS(remote access service)를 통해 데이터 채널을 생성하여 서버측의 데이터가 PUSH 되도록 구현하였다. 보안 프로토콜은 통신횟수를 줄이기 위하여 비표 형식을 취했으며, SMS와 데이터의 2개의 채널을 가지는 2중 통신 방법을 이용하였다. 이를 위하여 보안 알고리즘 중 처리속도가 빠르고 적은 메모리 공간을 사용하는 SEED와 MD5 알고리즘을 사용하였으며, 더욱더 안전한 키 분배를 위하여 인증과 보안의 효과를 가지는 RSA알고리즘도 이용하였다.