• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.39 no.11
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• pp.1705-1709
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• 2010

Peppers (Capsicum annuum L.) are a rich source of phytochemicals including polyphenolics, flavonoids, capsaicinoids and ascorbic acid. Capsaicinoids are a group of 12 or more related alkaloids responsible for the pungent sensation in the fruits of the genus Capsicum. Ascorbic acid is another functional and nutritional constituent of peppers. In this study, the contents of two major capsaicinoids (capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin) and ascorbic acid in 131 pepper breeding lines were quantified by HPLC. In 131 pepper breeding lines, capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin contents were in the range of 0.0 to 219.6 and 0.0 to 110.8 mg/100 g, respectively. The breeding lines with higher capsaicin content contained higher dihydrocapsaicin content as well. Ascorbic acid contents were 264.9 to 1695.5 mg/100 g for the 131 pepper breeding lines. The analytical method validation parameters including accuracy, repeatability, and reproducibility were calculated to ensure the method's validity. This study provides basic information to plant breeders and biotechnologists who are planning to breed genotypes with high content of phytochemicals.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics A
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• v.30A no.10
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• pp.33-40
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• 1993

A reflection type 16x8 S-SEED array from LP(Low Pressure)-MODVD-grown GaAs/AlGaAs extremely shallow quantum well(ESQW) structures, with 4% Al fraction, has been fabricated. Its intrinsic region consists of 50 pairs of alternating 100.angs. GaAs and 100.angs. $Al_{0.04}$Ga$_{0.96}$As layers. A multilayer reflector stack of $Al_{0.04}$/Ga$_{0.96}$ As(599$\AA$)/AlAs(723$\AA$) was incorporated for the reflection plane below the p-i-n structures. The device processing after the MOCVD growth includes the mesa etching, isolation etching, insulator deposition, p & n metallization, and AR(Anti-Reflection) coating. For switching characteristics of the S-SEED in the form of p-i-n ESQW diode, the maximum optical negative resistance was observed at 856nm. Reflectance measurements showed a change from 15.6% to 43.3% for +0.9V to -6V bias. The maximum contrast ration of the S-SEED array was 2.0 and all the 128 devices showed optical bistability with contrast ratios over 2.4 at 5V reverse bias.

• Food Engineering Progress
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.64-71
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• 2017

This study investigated the effects of the mixing ratio of tofu paste and normal corn starch on the characteristics of gluten-free (GF) muffins. Soft wheat flour for wheat flour-based muffins (control) was replaced with the mixture of tofu paste and normal corn starch (NCS). The mixing ratios of tofu paste and NCS were 1:6.4 (S100), 1:5.1 (S80), 1:3.8 (S60), 1:2.6 (S40), 1:1.3 (S20), and 1:0 (S00), based on their total solid contents. GF muffins of S40-S100 developed the porous, sponge-like structure without crumb collapse. The weight and baking loss did not significantly differ in the control and GF muffins. By decreasing NCS in GF muffin batters, the moisture content, firmness, and crumb redness/yellowness of GF muffins increased, while their volume, specific volume, and crumb lightness decreased. Nevertheless, these characteristics (except for firmness) of S100 were much closer to those of the control. In the preference test, however, S60 (possessing lower attributes than S100 and S80) was most favored among GF muffins, and was very similar in all evaluations (except for appearance) to the control. Overall, the mixture of tofu paste and NCS would be a potential material to replace soft wheat flour in muffins.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.79-89
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• 1984

In this paper we present development of microprocessor-based 8-channel statistical multiplexer (SMUX). The hardware design includes one Z-80A CPU board with the clock rate of 4 MHz, one 16 Kbyte ROM board for program storage, one 16 Kbyte dynamic RAM board and three I/O boards, all connected through an S-100 compatible tristate bus. The SMUX can presently multiplex 8 channels with data rates ranging 50 bps to 9600 bps, but can be reduced to accommodate 4 channels by having a slight modification of software and removing one terminal I/O board. The system specifications meet CCITT recommendations X.25 link level, V.24, V.28, X.3 and X.28. Significant features of the SMUX are its capability of handling 4 input codes (ASCII, EBCDIC, Baudot, Transcode), the use of a dynamic buffer management algorithm, a diagnostic facility, and the efficient use of a single CPU for all system operation. Throughout the paper, detailed explanations are given as to how the hardware and software of the SMUX system have been designed efficiently.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.62 no.7
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• pp.281-285
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• 2019

Purpose: To evaluate the association between elevated S100B levels with brain tissue damage seen in abnormalities of head magnetic resonance imaging (MRI; diffusion tensor imaging [DTI] sequence) in patients with status epilepticus (SE). Methods: An analytical observational study was conducted in children hospitalized at Dr Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, from July to December 2016. The patients were divided into 2 groups: SE included all children with a history of SE; control included all children with febrile seizure. Blood samples of patients were drawn within 24 hours after admission. SE patients also underwent cranial MRI with additional DTI sequencing. The Mann-Whitney test and Spearman test were used for statistical analysis. Results: Fifty-three patients were enrolled the study. In the 24 children with SE who met the inclusion criteria, serum S100B and cranial MRI findings were assessed. Twenty-two children admitted with febrile seizures became the control group. Most patients were male (66.7%); the mean age was 35.8 months (standard deviation, 31.09). Mean S100B values of the SE group ($3.430{\pm}0.141{\mu}g/L$) and the control group ($2.998{\pm}0.572{\mu}g/L$) were significantly different (P<0.05). A significant difference was noted among each level of encephalopathy based on the cranial MRI results with serum S100B levels and the correlation was strongly positive with a coefficient value of 0.758 (P<0.001). Conclusion: In SE patients, there is an increase of serum S100B levels within 24 hours after seizure, which has a strong positive correlation with brain damage seen in head MRI and DTI.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.23 no.8
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• pp.1-10
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• 2017

This study investigated the quality characteristics of muffins by the amount of addition of suchero (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%) as there is increasingly higher interest in functional alternative sweetener. The effects of suchero were evaluated in terms of height, volume, weight, specific volume, baking loss rate, colorimeter, and sensory evaluation. Texture and moisture contents of muffins during storage (1, 2, 3 days) were measured. As the ratio of suchero increased, the volume, specific volume, and weight increased, whereas the volume and specific volume was not significant. During storage, moisture content of muffins decreased significantly. The moisture content of the sample containing suchero was higher than S0(control group). The addition of suchero increased L value of crust and crumb decreased, whereas a value and b value increased. The muffin with 100% of suchero (S100) in test group showed the lowest hardness. According to the sensory evaluation, the muffin with 50% of suchero (S50) showed the highest score in terms of appearance, color, flavor, taste, and overall acceptance, S50 showed the best result and the optimum addition of suchero.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.181-187
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• 2003

Effects of repeated treatment with butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) on the induction of glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) and teratogenicity of cyclophosphamide were investigated in rats. Pregnant rats were orally treated with BHA (50 mg/kg) for 7 days, from days 6 to 12 of gestation, and intraperitoneally challenged with cyclophosphamide (15 mg/kg) 2 hr after the final treatment. On day 20 of gestation, the maternal and fetal abnormalities were examined. Separately, a part of rats was sacrificed for the assay of hepatic and placental GSTs activities on day 12 of gestation following 7-day treatment with BHA. Cyclophosphamide, administered on day 12 of gestation, induced 43.2% of fetal death and resorption, and 100% of malformations in live fetuses, in contrast to low fetal resorption (8.7%) and malformations (8%) in control group. The malformations include cranial defect and exencephaly (100%), micrognathia and tongue extrusion (100%), limb defects (40%), renal pelvic dilatation (39%), and cleft palate (15%). Interestingly, BHA induced GSTs activities by 62% and 46% over the control in liver and placenta, respectively, and remarkably reduced the fetal resorption (13.9%) and malformations, resulting in 62% of cranial defect and exencephaly, 68% of micrognathia and tongue extrusion, 29% of limb defects, and 14% of renal pelvic dilatation. Taken together, it is suggested that a long-term pretreatment with BHA could substantially prevent fetuses from abortion and malformations following intrauterine exposure to teratogens including cyclophosphamide by inducing phase II antioxidant enzymes such as GSTs.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.167-170
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• 1981

Changes in serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (s-GOT) activities, serum alkaline phosphatase activities and serum total protein amounts were investigated on seven Korean native cows having normal estrus cycle of 18~24 days after normal parturition, dividing estrus cycle into estrus (0~1 days), metestrus (2~6 days), diestrus (7~16 days), proestrus (17~20 days). The results were as follows. 1. Serum GOT activities at estrus ranged from 73.5 to 121.5 Ku with a mean of $89.14{\pm}17.16$ Ku, at metestrus 57 to 89 Ku with a mean of $67.01{\pm}10.81$ Ku, at diestrus 54 to 89.5 Ku with a mean of $67.05{\pm}10.05$ Ku and at proestrus 53 to 112 Ku with a mean of $73.00{\pm}20.05$ Ku. The activities were significantly increased at the estrus comparing with other stages (P<0.01). 2. Serum ALP activities at estrus ranged from 8.0 to 10.4 K-Au with a mean of $8.74{\pm}0.83$ K-Au, at metestrus 6.5 to 9.2 K-Au with a mean of$7.74{\pm}0.76$ K-Au, at diestrus 5.6 to 9.0 K-Au with a mean of $7.67{\pm}1.13$ K-Au, at proestrus 6.2 to 9.3 K-Au with a mean of $7.12{\pm}1.18$ K-Au. The significance was not recognized among the stages of estrus cycle. 3. Serum total protein amounts at estrus ranged from 6.45 to 8.0g/10dl with a mean of $7.25{\pm}0.57/100dl$, at metestrus, 6.37 to 7.9g/100dl with a mean of $7.65{\pm}0.50g/100dl$, fat diestrus, 6.56 to 8.67g/100dl, with a mean of $7.53{\pm}0.55g/100dl$ and at proestrus 5.94 to 7.71g/100dl with a mean of $6.54{\pm}0.65g/dl$. There was not significance among the stages of estrus cycle.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.120-129
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• 1994

Fine needle aspiration biopsy cytology is a widely recognized and useful technique which can provide diagnosis in lesions of the head and neck, enabling appropriate management plans for individual patient to be made. Fifty one fine needle aspirates from salivary gland masses were examined. Four aspirates (8%) were inadequate for examination. Of the remaning 47 samples, 42 cases (82%) were benign lesions which consist of 30 pleomorphic adenoma(58%), 7 inflammatory lesion (14%), 4 Warthin's tumor(8%) and 1 benign lesion(2%). Two cases(4%) were atypical lesions. Three cases(6%) were malignant lesions consisting of 2 adenoid cystic carcinomas(4%) and 1 mucoepidermoid carcinoma (2%). The cytologic diagnoses were compared with the subsequent histologic diagnosis of surgical resected specimen in 24 cases. 19 cases of 21 aspirates from benign tumors were correctly diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology, with a specificity of 90%. All 3 aspirates from the 3 patients with malignant tumor were correctly diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology, with a sensitivity at 100%. Overall acurracy was 88%. Diagnostic error was encountered in adenoid cystic carcinoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma and Warthin's tumor Correct histologic diagnosis was made in 86% of benign tumors(84% for pleomorphic adenoma and 100% for Warthin's tumor) and in 100% of malignant tumors.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.143-147
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• 2006

This study was carried to investigate the effect of soil texture on the growth and the contents of quercetin-glycoside and lignans, and to improve the qualities of Saururus chinensis Baill. Soil texture resulted no significant effects on the number of nodes, the number of leaves, the number of branches and dry matter ratio. However, the shoot dry weight was higher in sandy loam, loam, silt loam and sand soil in that order. Although the weight of rhizomes of below 5 mm in diameter was not significantly different among soil textures, the weight of rhizomes between 5.1 and 10.9 mm and the weight of rhizomes of above 11 mm in diameter ranged $437{\sim}465\;g$ and was larger in clay loam than in other soil textures. No significance difference was showed in rhizome dry ratio ranging from 19.1 to 20.8%. The amount of quercetin-glycoside in leaves was higher in loam and sandy loam and ranged from 219.3 to 222.4 mg/100 g of quercetin-glycoside quercitrin, rutin, isoquercitrin and hyperin were higher in that order. On the other hand, quercetin-glycoside contents in stem were 14.8 mg/100 g and 12.4 mg/100 g in sandy and sandy loam, respectively, and were higher than in other soil textures of quercetin-glycoside constituents, the content of rutin was the highest. The content of lignans was increased in clay loam, loam, sandy loam, and sandy in that order of lignans, the manassatin B was the highest.