• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.355-361
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• 2011

We evaluated the performance of the NOW $Streptococcus$ $pneumoniae$ urinary antigen test, standard culture and polymerase chain reaction for detecting $S.$ $pneumoniae$. The urinary antigen test of pneumonia patients represented sensitivity at 72% and specificity at 79%. The results of PCR were targeting for autolysin ($lyt$A), pneumolysin ($ply$), and spn9828. The $lyt$A sensitivity and specificity stood at 56% and 87% respectively while $ply$ sensitivity reported 83% and specificity was 47%, sensitivity and specificity of spn9828 stood at 83% and 73% respectively. The results of urinary antigen test and three genes were all statistically meaningful within $P$ <0.05. When the urinary antigen test of $S.$ $pneumoniae$ was positive, the three kinds of genes were also likely to be positive. According to the result of urinary antigen test, the results of PCR presented a meaningful difference ($P$ <0.05). Especially, the urinary antigen test of $S.$ $pneumoniae$ was likely to be positive ($P$ <0.05) when more than two genes were positive in PCR results.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.251-255
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• 1985

국내 논의 흙으로부터 벼과식물에 관련된 질소 고정 미생물을 238주 분리하여 비교적 활성이 높은 4주의 질소고정활성 미생물을 선별하여 이중 3주는 K. pneumoniae, 1주는 E. agglomerans로 동정하였다. NFB3, NFB264, NFB278의 3주는 1.7-84Mdal. 의 plasmid들을 가지고 있었으나 이들 plasmid에 질소고정유전자 단편을 함유하고 있지는 않았다. 선별미생물의 chromosomal DNA상에 존지하는 질소고정 유전자는 K. pneumoniae M5al의 질소고정유전자와 homology를 나타냈으며, 이들의 질소고정유전자는 K. pneumoniae M5al의 질소고정유전자와 제한효소 절단부위가 상이하였다.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.173-178
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• 2006

The production of extended-spectrum ${\beta}$-lactamases ($ESBL_S$) is the main mechanism of bacterial resistance to third-generation cephalosporins and monobactams, whose prevalence varies depending on the different geographical areas. In the last years it has increased notably to the point of being considered a health problem of great importance. The characterization of the ESBLs producing Klebsiella penumoniae strains present in clinical isolates is time-consuming. I describe here the development of a new system, which consists of a multiplex PCR. I found 51 K. pneumoniae strains to be presumptive strains ESBLs producers by clinical and laboratory standards institute (CLSI) guidelines. The double disc synergy test showed 47 positive K. pneumoniae, which were K. pneumoniae isolates. All ESBLs producing K. pneumoniae strains were resistant to antibiotic amikacin, gentamicin and ciprofloxacin. By multiplex PCR analysis, $bla_{TEM}$ gene in 17 strains 44 $bla_{SHV}$ genes and $bla_{CTX}$ genes in 33 strains were identified. In this study, the multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was a good method to detect and differentiate ESBLs producing K. penumoniae strains in clinical isolates.

• 약학회지
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.369-373
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• 2004

We previously reported that Streptococcus pneumoniae capsule attached to the surface protein (JY-Pol) was protective to systemic pneumococcal infection. The JY -Pol antigen induced IgM, IgG, and IgA in mice and provoked cell-mediated immunity. In this current study, we investigated the effect of anti JY-Pol antiserun and monoclonal antibody C2 (Mab C2) specific for the JY-Pol antigen against the pneumococcal disease. Mice that were given the antiserum survived longer than mice that received antiserum pre-absorbed with S.pneumoniae cells or DPBS as a negative control. Heat-treated anti JY-Pol antiserum resulted in survival rates similar to intact fresh JY-Pol antiserum. Mab C2 isolated from JY-Pol-immunized mice also enhanced resistance of naive mice against the pneumococcal diseaser. This protection by Mab C2 appeared to be mediated by opsonization as determined in a RAW 264.7 monocyte/macrophage cell line. Epitope analysis showed that Mab C2 epitope consisted of glucuronic acid and glucose that blocked the interaction of JY-Pol to the C2. Taken together, these data indicate that the antiserum induced by the JY-Pol, a naturally pneumococcal conjugate formula, mediated the protection by passive transfer, which was confirmed by protective effect of Mab C2.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.207-212
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• 1983

독성이 있으며 난분해성 색소물질의 일종인 푸르푸랄을 분해할 수 있는 4종의 Gram 음성 세균을 P P. testosteroηi, P. maltophila, Klebsiella pneumoniae 그려고 P. fluorescens로 동정하였다. 이 화합물을 분해 할 때, P. testosteroni와 기타 세 균주의 분해 상승효과와 가능한 분해순서를 manometric technique에 의하여 시도되었다. P.testosteroni가 푸르푸랄을 분해하면, 이때 생성된 미확인 물질 NPS를 P. maltophilai와 K.pneumoniae가 이용하면서 생장하게 되고, 동시에 이때 생성된 2-푸로인산을 분해하여 P. fluorescens가 생장하게 된다. 그러나 NPS와 2-푸로인산플 경쟁적으로 분해함으로써 푸르푸랄의 분해효과를 상승시킨다.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.138-142
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• 2008

The composition of essential oils from Chrysanthemum zawadskii var. latilobum and C. indicum were analyzed and compared. The results of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry revealed there were distinctly different compositional patterns between C. zawadskii var. latilobum and C. indicum essential oils. The combinatorial effect of the oil of C. zawadskii var. latilobum and C. indicum, with various antibiotics was assessed against antibiotic-susceptible and -resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae. The essential oil fraction significantly inhibited most of the tested antibiotic-susceptible and -resistant strains of S. pneumoniae, with minimum inhibiting concentrations (MICs) ranging from 0.5 to 4.0 mg/ml. The fractional inhibiting concentration indices (FICIs) of the oils when combined with antibiotics against S. aureus and S. pneumoniae ranged from 0.26 to 0.75, and showed synergistic or additive effects.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.235-241
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• 2006

Streptococus pneumoniae is an important cause of invasive infections as well as non-invasive infections such as acute otitis media and sinusitis both in children and adults. Resistance of S. pneumoniae to multiple antimicrobials is increasing and poses therapeutic challenges, and prevention became more important. 23-valent polysaccharide vaccine has been used for the last several decades, but is not effective in children <2 years of age, the highest risk group of invasive diseases. Recently, a 7-valent pneumococcal protein conjugate vaccine(PCV) which is effective in infants and young children has been developed. The efficacy of PCVs against invasive pneumococcal disease and pneumonia is well established and is documented in several well-conducted studies. However, the effect of PCVs on otitis media is less obvious and more complex. PCVs clearly reduce diseases caused by vaccine-type(VT) pneumococci, but replacement of VT serotypes by non-VT serotypes in nasopharyngeal carriage of S. pneumoniae is responsible for the increase in acute otitis media caused by non-VT serotypes. Three years after introduction of PCV in the US, some increase of invasive infections with serotype 19A possibly due to serotype switching within certain vaccine type strains has been noted. Since most antibiotic-resistance in S. pneumoniae is confined to VT serotypes, vaccine use also reduces antibiotic resistance. With development of PCV, there was a great advance in the prevention of pneumococcal diseases, but replacement with potential virulent organisms and development of antibiotic resistance in non-VT pneumococci is a possibility that needs careful monitoring.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.565-570
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• 2001

본 연구에서는 쇠비름을 메탄올로 추출하여 식품의 부패나 식중독성을 유발하는 세균과 곰팡이에 대한 추출물의 항균활성을 검토하고 그들의 최소생육저해농도를 결정하였으며 쇠비름 추출물의 구성성분과 함량을 분석하였다. 쇠비름은 특히 P. citreonigrum 균주에 대해 매우 높은 항균효과를 보였고 S aureus, K. pneumoniae에 대해서는 benzoic acid에 상응할 만한 항균효과를 나타내었다. 쇠비름 메탄올 추출물은 200mg/$m\ell$ 농도에서 S. aureus와 P. citreonigrum의 생육을 억제하였고, 250 mg/$m\ell$ 농도에서 K. pneumoniae의 생육을 억제하였으며, 300 mg/$m\ell$ 농도에서 P. aeruginosa와 E. coli의 생육을 억제하였다. 따라서 이들 균주에 의한 식품의 부패 및 식중독이 우려되는 식품의 항균제로서 쇠비름의 사용 가능성을 볼 수 있었다. 쇠비름 메탄올 추출물의 분석결과 전체 147가지 성분이 분석되었으며 acid 및 ester류가 41.06%로 추출물의 가장 많은 부분을 차지하고 있었다. 또한 세균, 곰팡이, 효모와 같은 미생물에 항균활성을 나타내는 것으로 보고되어 있는 2,3-dihydro-benzofuran, 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy- benzoic acid와 4-hydroxy benzeneethanol 등의 성분들이 검출되었다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.75-81
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• 2000

DnaK is a major heat shock protein and known to be highly conserved in all species. Previously, the dnaK in Streptococcus pneumoniae was cloned and the immunogenic nature characterized. In this study, dnaK mutants were generated by insertion of duplication mutagenesis and their characteristics examined. They had defective growths at all temperatures ($20^{\circ}C-42^{\circ}C$)and cell divisions, and formed filaments after a temperature shift from 30 to 42. A unique feature of the dnaK mutants of S. pneumoniae, unlike those of E. coli and B. subtilis, was the growth capability at high temperature ($42^{\circ}C$) without producing the putative GroEL. Our results suggest that DnaK may serve as a regulator and/or modifier in GroEL gene expression.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.161-166
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• 2007

To develop a rapid and reliable single-tube-based PCR technique for detection simultaneously the quinolone resistance qnrA, qnrB and qnrS genes. After multiple alignment, primers were designed to detect known qnr variants. I was used for A total of 43 extented-spectrum ${\beta}$-lactamases (ESBLs) producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from university hospital were tested for screening, as with qnr genes. In optimized conditions, all positive controls confirmed the specificity of the PCR primers. Out of 43 isolates, qnrA genes were detected 19 (44.2%), qnrB genes 5 (11.7%), qnrS genes 15 (34.9%) and 8 (18.6%) isolates were not detected. I report here a fast and reliable technique for rapid screening of qnr positive strains to be used for epidemiological surveys.