• 제목/요약/키워드: S/key

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학위논문의 주요어 분석 (간호학 및 간호학관련 학위논문을 중심으로 : 1960-1991. 8) (A Statistical Study on the Key Words in the Titles of Nursing Related Theses)

  • 고옥자;김상혜;김희걸;이금재;이영숙
    • 대한간호학회지
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    • 제24권1호
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    • pp.58-69
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    • 1994
  • In order to see the development of Nursing related research activities in Korea over the last three decades, abstracts of almost all of the Master and Ph.D theses that appeared from 1961 up to August 1991 were collected. The number of theses was 2354, from which an index of key words has been constructed. Key words were defined as those terms in each thesis title that convey major objectives of the given thesis study and the important nursing concepts dealt with in the thesis. Although all the key words were picked from the thesis title only, full use was made of the abstracts in deciding the principal objectives and essential contents of the thesis studies and their important concepts as well. In total, 539 kinds of key words were identified from the 2354 titles, and the identified words were all found to be in the International Nursing Index. On an average each title has two key words. Which key words were most frequently used, how they have changed with time, what kind of concept is preferably dealt with by each graduate school, and the concepts to which a given key word is likely to be connected were examined. The results are summerized below : 1) For each decade the theses numbers were as follows : 54(2.3%) from the 60’s, 413(17.5%) from the 70’s, 1523(64.7%) from the 80’s, and 364(15.5%) from the 90’s. Master’s thesis contributed 96% (2252) of the papers and Ph. D’s theses filled the remaining 4%(102). 2) A total of 539 key words were used, averaging about 2 for each thesis. The most frequently used key words were ‘Nurse’, ‘Anxiety’, ‘Knowledge / Attitude /Practice’, ‘Stress /Stressor’, ‘Attitude’, ‘Job-Satisfaction’, ‘Mental Disorder’, ‘Operation’, ‘Elderly’, ‘Nursing Role’. 3) Each decades key words can be classified as : the 60’s : ‘Nursing Education’, ‘Pulmonary Tuberculosis’, ‘Mother-Child Health’, ‘Growth & Development’, ‘Public Facilities’, ‘Mental Disorder’ : the 70’s : ‘Nurse’, ‘Family Planning’, ‘Attitude’ / ‘Knowledge, Attitude / Practice’, ‘Curriculum in Nursing Education’, ‘Clinical Practice in Nursing’, ‘Analysis of the Work of the Nurse’, ‘Health Education of School’, : the 80’s : ‘Nurse’, ‘Anxiety’, ‘Stress /Stressor’, ‘Operation’, ‘Nursing Role’, ‘Job Satisfaction’ : the 90’s : ‘Nurse’, ‘Elderly’, ‘Family-Support’, ‘Stress /Stressor’, ‘Home Care’. Key word ‘Nurse’ appears continuously and most frequently through the years, which indicates that there has been active study of the characteristics of nurses and related fields. The concept ‘Anxiety’ has been studied steadly from the 80’s and it shows that interest in health and disease are increasing Which comes as a result of society changing to an industrial and informational community. 4) Looking into each graduate school’s study area key words ‘Anxiety’, ‘Nurse’, ‘Mental Disorder’, ‘Stress /Stressor’, ‘Operation’, ‘Attitude’, ‘Hemo-dialysis’, were studied in the regular graduate school : ‘Family Planning /Contraception’, ‘Knowledge / Attitude /Practice’, ‘Physical Health-State /Physical Health Examination’, ‘Nurse’, ‘Using Clinical Facilities’, ‘Health Education of School’, were studied in the Graduate School of Public Health’ ; ‘Nurse’, ‘Anxiety’, ‘Stress / Stressor’, ‘Job-Satisfaction’, ‘Clinical Practice Education’, ‘Nursing Education’, were studied in the Graduate School of Education : ‘Nurse’, ‘Job Satisfaction’, ‘Nursing Role’, ‘Administration - Employment /Employment Management’, ‘Leadership’, ‘Personnel Profile’, ‘Nursing Manpower / Changing Working Place’, were studied in the Graduate School of Public Administration. 5) The Connection between key words were : ‘Nurse Job Satisfaction’, ‘Stress / Stressor ⇔ Coping / Ajustment’, ‘Nurse ⇔ Nursing Role’, ‘Anxiety ⇔ Giving Information’, ‘Nurse ⇔ Stress / Stressor’, ‘Anxiety ⇔ Operation’, ‘Nurse ⇔ Burnout’, ‘Knowledge, Attitude, Practice ⇔ Family Planning’, ‘Nurse Administration ⇔ Employment’, ‘Anxiety Muscle ⇔ Relaxation Technic’, ‘Anxiety ⇔ Mental Disorder’. From the above it can be noted that many nursing concepts were handled in the thesis titles. But there were more than enough papers on the characteristics of the nurse. It is suggested that in depth research be made on ‘Nursing Accidents’, t-‘Ethics’, ‘Nurse - Patient Interactions’, ‘Spritual Care’, ‘Dying’, ‘Hospice’, ‘Resident Helper’ and that there should be in depth research relating to the physical and mental development of youth and in particular physical concepts like ‘Drug - Abuse’, ‘Child -Abuse and Teaching’.

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멀티캐스트 정보 보호를 위한 그룰 키 관리 프로토콜의 설계 ((Design of Group Key Management Protocol for Information Security in Multicast))

  • 홍종준
    • 한국컴퓨터산업학회논문지
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    • 제3권9호
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    • pp.1235-1244
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    • 2002
  • 본 논문에서는 PIM-SM 멀티캐스트 그룹 통신에서 사용자의 서비스보호를 위한 그룹 키 관리 프로토콜을 제안한다. 멀티캐스트 보안의 관리 기준이 되는 서브그룹을 RP(Rendezvous-Point) 단위로 나누고, 각 RP에는 하나의 서브그룹 관리자를 두며, 각각의 서브그룹 관리자는 송신자들에게 그룹 키를 부여한다. 송신자는 자신의 그룹 키로 데이터를 RP에 전송하고, RP는 수신자를 미리 설정하여 놓은 보호채널을 통하여 확인한 후, 수신자가 원하는 서비스 송신자의 복호화 키를 보호채널을 통하여 미리 전송하여 복호화할 준비를 한다. 이후 데이터를 전송하여 수신자는 전송받은 송신자의 그룹 키를 갖고 수신된 데이터의 복호화 하는 구조를 갖는다. 그 결과, 그룹 키에 의한 데이터 변환 작업이 불필요하여 데이터 전송 시간이 단축되며, SPT로의 경로 변화에도 새로운 키 분배 없이 데이터 전송이 가능하다. 또한 PIM-SM 라우팅 구조를 다른 추가 요소 없이 그대로 사용할 수 있다는 장점을 갖게 된다.

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Effects of Selenizing Codonopsis pilosula Polysaccharide on Macrophage Modulatory Activities

  • Qin, Tao;Ren, Zhe;Lin, Dandan;Song, Yulong;Li, Jian;Ma, Yufang;Hou, Xuehan;Huang, Yifan
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제26권8호
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    • pp.1358-1366
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    • 2016
  • The purpose of the present study was to investigate the immune-enhancing activity of selenizing Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharide (sCPPS5) in nonspecific immune response. In in vitro experiment, the results showed that sCPPS5 could promote the phagocytic uptake, NO production, and TNF-α and IL-6 secretion of RAW264.7 cells. sCPPS5 could also strongly increase the IκB-α degradation in the cytosol and the translocation of NF-κB p65 subunit into the nucleus of RAW264.7 cells. In the vivo experiment, sCPPS5 at medium doses could significantly improve the phagocytic index of peritoneal macrophages and induce the secretion of TNF-α and IL-6. Moreover, the effect of sCPPS5 was significantly better than Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharide (CPPS). These results indicated that selenylation modification could significantly enhance the immune-enhancing activity of CPPS in the nonspecific immune response.

Assessing the Diagnostic Value of Serum Dickkopf-related Protein 1 Levels in Cancer Detection: a Case-control Study and Meta-analysis

  • Jiang, Xiao-Ting;Ma, Ying-Yu;Guo, Kun;Xia, Ying-Jie;Wang, Hui-Ju;Li, Li;He, Xu-Jun;Huang, Dong-Sheng;Tao, Hou-Quan
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • 제15권21호
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    • pp.9077-9083
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    • 2014
  • Background: This study aimed to summarize the potential diagnostic value of serum DKK1 levels in cancer detection. Materials and Methods: Serum DKK1 was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in a case-control study. Then we performed a meta-analysis and the pooled sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odds ratio, and summary receiver operating characteristic (sROC) curves were used to evaluate the overall test performance. Results: Serum DKK1 levels were found to be significantly upregulated in gastric cancer as compared to controls. ROC curve analysis revealed an AUC of 0.636, indicating the test has the potential to diagnose cancer with poor accuracy. The summary estimates of the pooled sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic odds ratio in meta-analysis were 0.55 with a 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.53-0.57), 0.86 (95%CI, 0.84-0.88) and 12.25 (95%CI, 5.31-28.28), respectively. The area under the sROC was 0.85. Subgroup analysis revealed that the diagnostic accuracy of serum DKK1 in lung cancer (sensitivity: 0.69 with 95%CI, 0.66-0.74; specificity: 0.95 with 95%CI, 0.92-0.97; diagnostic odds ratio: 44.93 with 95%CI, 26.19-77.08) was significantly higher than for any other cancer. Conclusions: Serum DKK1 might be useful as a noninvasive method for confirmation of cancer diagnosis, particularly in the case of lung cancer.

Impossible Differential Cryptanalysis on ESF Algorithm with Simplified MILP Model

  • Wu, Xiaonian;Yan, Jiaxu;Li, Lingchen;Zhang, Runlian;Yuan, Pinghai;Wang, Yujue
    • KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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    • 제15권10호
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    • pp.3815-3833
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    • 2021
  • MILP-based automatic search is the most common method in analyzing the security of cryptographic algorithms. However, this method brings many issues such as low efficiency due to the large size of the model, and the difficulty in finding the contradiction of the impossible differential distinguisher. To analyze the security of ESF algorithm, this paper introduces a simplified MILP-based search model of the differential distinguisher by reducing constrains of XOR and S-box operations, and variables by combining cyclic shift with its adjacent operations. Also, a new method to find contradictions of the impossible differential distinguisher is proposed by introducing temporary variables, which can avoid wrong and miss selection of contradictions. Based on a 9-round impossible differential distinguisher, 15-round attack of ESF can be achieved by extending forward and backward 3-round in single-key setting. Compared with existing results, the exact lower bound of differential active S-boxes in single-key setting for 10-round ESF are improved. Also, 2108 9-round impossible differential distinguishers in single-key setting and 14 12-round impossible differential distinguishers in related-key setting are obtained. Especially, the round of the discovered impossible differential distinguisher in related-key setting is the highest, and compared with the previous results, this attack achieves the highest round number in single-key setting.

상호운용성 향상을 위한 국방 KIP 프로세스에 관한 연구 (A Study on the Defense Key Interface Profiles Process for Improving Interoperability)

  • 박현규;정찬기
    • 한국국방경영분석학회지
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    • 제35권3호
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    • pp.61-79
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    • 2009
  • 국방 복합체계(system of systems: SoS, Family of Systems: FoS)의 상호운용성 확보가 정보우위를 제공하며, 정보우위가 전장의 우위를 결정짓는 중요한 요소 중의 하나로 인식되고 있다. 본 연구는 국방 복합체계의 상호운용성 향상을 위해 국방 KIP(Key Interface Profile) 프로세스를 제안한다. 국방 KIP 프로세스는 아키텍처 분석을 통해 핵심 인터페이스를 식별하고, 식별된 핵심 인터페이스 정보를 바탕으로 핵심 인터페이스 프로파일을 개발한다. 개발된 핵심 인터페이스 프로파일은 복합체계의 상호운용성을 관리하기 위해 사용 될 수 있다. 제안 프로세스의 효용성과 실용성을 확인하기 위해 대화력전 수행체계(전구급 타격절차)에 국방 KIP 프로세스를 적용하고, 도출된 시사점을 제시한다.

EPCglobal RFID 시스템에서 Key server를 사용하는 인증 프로토콜 (An Authentication Protocol using the key server in the EPCglobal RFID System)

  • 이규환;김재현
    • 한국통신학회논문지
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    • 제34권10B호
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    • pp.1013-1020
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    • 2009
  • 본 논문에서는 EPCglobal RFID 시스템에서 Key server를 사용하는 인증 프로토콜을 제안한다. 제안하는 인증 프로토콜은 RFID 시스템에서 발생할 수 있는 보안적 문제점들과 DoS공격에 대처하기 위하여 Key sewer를 사용하고, 구현의 용이함을 위하여 추가적인 hash함수 등의 구현 없이 EPCgloal class 1 gen 2 프로토콜에서 제공하는 함수를 이용한다. 본 논문에서는 성능 분석을 위하여 GNY 분석과 Security 분석을 수행하였다. 우선 GNY 분석을 통하여 프로토콜의 신뢰성을 증명하였으며, Security 분석을 통하여 제안하는 인증 프로토콜이 DoS공격을 포함한 다양한 공격에 안전하다는 것을 보였다. 이러한 성능 분석 결과, 제안하는 인증 프로토콜은 안전한 RFID 시스템을 제공한다는 것을 입증할 수 있었다.

MULTIPARTY KEY AGREEMENT PROTOCOL BASED ON SYMMETRIC TECHNIQUES

  • Lee, Hyang-Sook;Lee, Young-Ran;Lee, Ju-Hee
    • 대한수학회논문집
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    • 제18권1호
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    • pp.169-179
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    • 2003
  • In this paper, we propose multiparty key agreement protocols by generalizing the Blom's scheme based on 2 variable polynomials. Especially we develop three party and four party key agreement schemes with security. The advantage of the new schemes is to have small demands on storage space.

양자키 교환과 AES를 이용한 비밀통신 연구 (Research of Secret Communication Using Quantum key Distribution and AES)

  • 정영철;임광철
    • 한국정보통신학회논문지
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    • 제18권1호
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    • pp.84-90
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    • 2014
  • 비밀통신의 발전은 아날로그 통신에서 디지털 통신으로 진보해 왔다. 디지털통신상의 비밀통신은 one-time pad의 안전성을 승계하여 주로 설계 되어 왔다. One-time pad의 안전성은 상호 보관하는 비밀키의 안전성에 기인하고 비밀키의 교환에 의한 상호 동기화가 가장 중요한 요소이다. 본 논문에서는 quantum cryptography system 중 BB84 알고리즘의 수학적 안전도를 살펴보고 이를 이용하여 양자 키 전송을 시행한다. 생성된 키는 개인의 각 단말에서 AES의 64번 라운드를 시행한 ciphertext을 상호 교환하는 One-time Pad 형 알고리즘을 제안한다.