• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.262-270
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• 2015

The scientific information between microbial community and chemical properties of reclaimed tidal soil is not enough to understand the land reclamation process. This study was conducted to investigate the relation between chemical properties and microbial activities of soils from reclaimed tidal lands located at south-western coastal area (42 samples from Goheuong, Samsan, Bojun, Kunnae, Hwaong and Yeongsangang sites). Most of the reclaimed soils showed chemical characteristics as salinity soil based on EC. Only $Na^+$ in exchangeable cation was dependent on EC of reclaimed soil, whereas other cations such as $K^+$, $Ca^{2+}$, and $Mg^{2+}$ were independent on EC. The mesophilic bacteria decreased with an increase in EC of soil. Microbial population increased with soil organic content in the range of $0{\sim}10g\;kg^{-1}$ and dehydrogenase activity less than $100{\mu}g-TPF\;g^{-1}h^{-1}$. Microbial population of soils from reclaimed tidal lands was closely related to the microbial community containing hydrolytic enzyme activities of cellulase, amylase, protease, and lipase.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.121-131
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• 2024

Objective: This study is to design an intervention model for local residents to manage their oral health on their own. By establishing an autonomous participatory network without the intervention of external experts, it is possible to actively practice toothbrushing and use preventive services. Method: This is a case report study, and oral health education was conducted after interviews with 8 members of the Health Plus Village Committee in the N region of Hongcheon-gun and 156 residents of the senior center. Result: To foster oral health guardians in the community and to change behavior by actively sharing information and communicating with residents. It was confirmed that the Health Plus Village Committee was influential in spreading information, means, and interest about toothbrushing practices and preventive dental services to neighbors. Conclusion: In order to implement continuous resident-led oral health projects, resident-led village projects led by the Health Plus Village Committee should be activated through repeated empowerment education.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.29-42
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• 2012

It is common that most countries focus on the development of their capital cities. As a result, other areas do not develop as well as capital cities. Some areas even develop into a kind of distressed community. This leads to the outflow of population and also difficulties for remaining people in these areas. Under such social background, international marriages are on the increase in rural areas and small and medium-sized cities, causing many problems in connection with that. Many researches on multi-cultural families had been conducted recently, but most of them approached their studies from the viewpoint of social welfare. The physical, economical and cultural environments of multi-cultural families are closely connected to each other. Therefore it is necessary to study these families from a holistic point of view. Therefore the purpose of the research is to study the living conditions and the potential needs of married female immigrants in an in-depth and holistic way. The direction of residential planning for multi-families is also provided. To do that, there are three stages of the research which are theoretical review, preliminary survey and main survey. Methods of literature review, workshop, and questionnaire are used. Based on the results of the research, recommendations for the direction of multi-cultural families residential planning are provided. Physically, living-room, bedroom, kitchen and toilet should be adjusted based on their needs. Socially, the feelings of alienation and exclusion should be reduced for married female immigrants. Economically, it is necessary to find a way to make sure that the second generations of multi-cultural families do not inherit poverty from their parents. Culturally, it is important to consider the different needs of immigrants and to embrace their own culture.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.23-31
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• 2021

Objectives: Frailty and sarcopenia are recent important concepts in elder health care. Sarcopenia is the most important factor influencing frailty, and exercise and nutritional status are known to affect sarcopenia. The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between nutritional status, sarcopenia, and frailty. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional design. The subjects of this study were 411 elderly people aged 65 or older from 10 villages in Gyeongnam. The survey tools were the K-FRAIL for frailty, the GDS-SF for depression, the SARC-F questionnaire for sarcopenia, and the DETERMINE for nutritional status. Frequency analysis, the chi-square test, and multiple logistic regression analysis were performed using the SPSS 25.0 program. Results: As a result of the chi-square test, there was a significant difference in the nutritional status and the frailty proportion (p<0.001), and there was a significant difference between frailty and suspected sarcopenia (p<0.001). After adjustment, nutritional status was significantly associated with sarcopenia (OR=2.946, p<0.001). In addition, nutritional status was significantly associated with frailty (OR=2.958, p<0.001), and sarcopenia also had a significant effect on frailty (OR=5.898, p<0.001). Finally, even after including sarcopenia, nutritional status had a significant effect on frailty (OR=2.246, p=0.002). Conclusions: Nutritional status can have both a direct effect on frailty and an indirect effect through sarcopenia, and it was found that sarcopenia also affects frailty. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate sarcopenia and nutritional status and to evaluate their levels in the elderly and to take appropriate interventions.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.13-21
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• 2008

Water losses in irrigation canals are mainly estimated as the sum of conveyance and delivery water loss. The losses occur via the evaporation, infiltration, gate operation and water distribution processing. Recently, the study regarding these water losses are not satisfactory enough, also delivery water loss has not been mainly considered on field design. The objective of this study is to investigate and analyze the volume of water loss in irrigation canals considering condition of actual farm land. A field measurement was performed at four research sites, which are managed by Korea Rural Community & Agriculture Corporation, to evaluate conveyance and delivery water loss for 2 years. The measurement was performed by canal type, size and designed flow using the inflow-outflow method at a major points such as start and end of each canal, derivation point of canal and inlet of paddy fields. Results of this study showed that water loss ratio in lateral canals was bigger than that of main canal unlike current design standard and the loss decrease as flow increase. The total of water loss ratio including conveyance and delivery water loss in several irrigation canals ranged between 33.25 and 45.0%.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.58 no.5
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• pp.19-28
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• 2016

This study was to design the optimal locations of the water level monitoring to quantify the agricultural water use in irrigation area supplied from an agricultural reservoir. In most of agricultural areas without TM/TC (Tele-Monitoring and Tele-Control) or monitoring network, irrigation water have been supplied on conventional experience and agricultural reservoir have been operated based on the operating simulation results by HOMWRS (Hydrological Operation Model for Water Resources System). Therefore, this study quantified the amount of agricultural water use in an irrigation area (Musu Reservoir, Jincheon-gun) by establishing water level monitoring network and analyzed the agricultural water saving effect. According to the evaluation of the economic values for water saving effect, the saving agricultural water of 1.7 million ton was analyzed to have economic values of 0.85 million won as water for living, and 1.78 million won as water for industrial use. It is identified to secure economic feasibility of the new water monitoring network by establishing one monitoring point in the entrance, irrigation area and endpoint through the economic analysis.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2009.03a
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• pp.123-131
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• 2009

The study decided the improvement depth of soft ground of deep mixing method through 2 and 3 dimension finite element method and following results were acquired. 1. 2 dimension analysis shows settlement 10% more estimated than 3 dimension analysis. 2. When the rate of replacement is under 5%, the settlement sharply increased. 3. The most economical design for the levee was decided 3.0m for width direction, 6.0m for length direction and 8.0m for improvement depth. 4. When the soft ground is developed through deep mixing method, the decision of improvement should be decided through 3 dimension analysis than 2 dimension analysis.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.460-468
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of class-based and simulation-based CPR education for the rural elderly on their attitudes toward CPR, self-efficacy, and satisfaction. Using a quasi-experimental design with a nonequivalent control group, this study used a pretest-posttest method with a sample of 43 elderly people aged 65 or older in rural areas. The twenty-two elderly people in the control group received class-based CPR education, while the experimental group underwent both class-based and simulation-based education. Both groups were given surveys to complete before and after the education. The statistical analysis was based on the $X^2$-test, Fisher's exact test, paired t-test, and ANCOVA. The study found no significant differences between the two groups in terms of their attitudes (F=0.89, p=.353). However, statistical differences were found in the self-efficacy (F=5.54, p=.025) and satisfaction (F=4.66, p=.039) between the two groups. This study provides the baseline data indicating that the education methods implemented in this study were effective for the elderly living in rural areas. Thus, it is necessary to make efforts to ensure that the elderly are able to manage emergency situations by boosting their CPR self-efficacy and educational satisfaction through simulation-based education.

• Journal of Coastal Disaster Prevention
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.119-131
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• 2017

Global warming under the influence of climate change and its direct impact on glacial and sea level are known issue. However, there is a lack of research on an indirect impact of climate change such as coastal structure design which is mainly based on a frequency analysis of water level under the stationary assumption, meaning that maximum sea level will not vary significantly over time. In general, stationary assumption does not hold and may not be valid under a changing climate. Therefore, this study aims to develop a novel approach to explore possible distributional changes in annual maximum sea levels (AMSLs) and provide the estimate of design water level for coastal structures using a multiple non-crossing quantile regression based nonstationary frequency analysis within a Bayesian framework. In this study, 20 tide gauge stations, where more than 30 years of hourly records are available, are considered. First, the possible distributional changes in the AMSLs are explored, focusing on the change in the scale and location parameter of the probability distributions. The most of the AMSLs are found to be upward-convergent/divergent pattern in the distribution, and the significance test on distributional changes is then performed. In this study, we confirm that a stationary assumption under the current climate characteristic may lead to underestimation of the design sea level, which results in increase in the failure risk in coastal structures. A detailed discussion on the role of the distribution changes for design water level is provided.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.331-339
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• 2020

In this study, ways to reduce the edge pressure at the bottom plate of the caisson breakwater were considered. The water depth, freeboard, design wave height and period, and the location of the center of gravity on the super-structure of the breakwater were selected as key design variables that influence the edge pressure, and analyzed how the edge pressure changes according to the change of this key variables. The pressure distribution formulae suggested in the design standard was applied for the calculation of design wave forces. Based on the wave forces, the required effective self-weight of the super-structure and the minimum width of the caisson were determined to have a safety factor of 1.2 against sliding and overturning. From the results, it was found that the edge pressure rapidly increased as the water depth increased, and could exceed the allowable bearing capacity when it reached a certain water depth which is 20 m within the analysis conditions. It was also confirmed that the edge pressure gradually increased linearly as the freeboard increased, but decreased with the increase of the wave height and period. This edge pressure could be significantly reduced up to more than 20% by moving the center of gravity of the super-structure to the seaside, which is 5% of the caisson width. Based on the analysis results and the recently conducted research results, a method was proposed to reduce the edge pressure that can be used in the design.