• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.475-484
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• 2018

Purpose: To examine the prevalence of depressive symptoms and differentiate factors associated with them in urban and rural areas by applying the Ecological Models of Health Behavior. Methods: We employed a cross-sectional design and convenience sample of 460 female adolescents. The instruments included the Adolescent Mental-Health Problem-Behavior Questionnaire (AMPQ-II) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Results: Depressive symptoms were confirmed in 15.7% of urban adolescents and 22.9% of rural adolescents (p<.05). In the urban group, perception of health and stress associated with school performance were significantly associated with depressive symptoms. In the rural group, academic/internet related problems and rule violations were significantly associated with depressive symptoms (p<.05). General life happiness, worry/anxiety, and mood/suicidal ideation were common factors in both urban and rural areas (p<.05). Conclusion: Multiple factors were associated with depressive symptoms, and those significant factors differed between urban and rural female youths. Accordingly, tailored approaches are required considering urban and rural differences. The approaches should include intrapersonal, interpersonal, and organizational levels of interventions.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.103-114
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to investigate the value perception changes of early adolescents, who are from 5th grades to 7th grades regarding to agriculture and rural communities through debate education. Since current education policy to educate agricultural value is limited in solving stereotypes and acquiring abundant relevant knowledge about agricultural values, this study tried to test the effect of debate education for the change of value perception of early adolescents about agriculture and rural communities. Through the two weeks of a debate education course, the differences of perception changes between the experimental group and control group were analyzed. As a result, education on agriculture and rural communities through debate has a great influence on the change of value perception and thus, it could be used as a supplementary educational method for literacy education and field trip learning. Lastly, limitations and implications for the study is discussed.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.14-23
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was done to compare health risk behavior prevalence for youth living in metropolitan, medium sized and small cities or rural area, in order to enhance understanding regional differences. Methods: For this study, data from the 2006 Youth Health Risk Behavior Online Survey collected by the Korean Center for Disease Control were analyzed using SPSS. Results: In the metropolitan areas, prevalence for disease and perceived obesity were higher than in other areas. Lack of intense or moderate physical activity, obesity, fast food intake, and insufficient sleep showed higher prevalence than in rural areas. Prevalence of lifetime smoking, lifetime alcohol consumption, present alcohol use, fruit intake less than once a day, and not wearing a seat belt were higher in rural areas than in urban areas. Gender, smoking, and alcohol use were correlated. Spearman correlation between living with parent and skipping breakfast were significant. Smoking, alcohol use, and sexual behavior were correlated. Conclusion: As significant differences in prevalence of youth health risk behaviors exist between regional areas, health education and health promotion programs considering these differences have to be developed and implemented for adolescents. Programs for prevention of smoking and alcohol use, programs for improvement of fruit intake and safety are suggested for adolescents in rural areas, whereas programs to enhance physical activity and obesity management are suggested for adolescents in metropolitan areas.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.41 no.9
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• pp.121-134
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• 2003

This study examined the degree of school life adjustment in rural adolescents as well as related variables. For this purpose, the data of 192 persons from 40 villages in 8 provinces were analyzed using a SAS 8.1 program. The results of the analysis were as follows : 1) The overall degree of school life adjustment was quantified as about 67 points out of a 100 possible points. 2) The variables that affected the level of adjustment were self-esteem, healthiness of family, age. 3) The explanatory power of such variables as sex, religion, personality, school grades, father satisfaction, and mother satisfaction partially affected significantly in four sub-areas (teather relation, friend relation, attitude of classwork and rule of school areas) of adjustment. The groundwork of this study could be used as basic materials to develop an educational program to improve the adjustment of school life for rural adolescent.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Rural Health Nursing
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.33-41
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• 2013

Purpose: The study was done to explore relationships between residential areas and smoking rates and to identify related factors contributing to smoking in Korea adolescents. Methods: An analysis was done of smoking rates and socioeconomic position indicators by city size based on a 2012 cross-sectional nationwide online survey conducted with 74,186 Korean middle and high school students aged 12-18 years old. Data were analyzed using x2-test and multiple logistic regression with the SPSS/WIN18.0 program. Results: Analyses revealed that rural boys were more likely to be current smokers compared to metropolitan boys (odds ratio 1.18, 95%-confidence interval 1.01; 1.38) but residential areas and smoking rates among girls were not related. After adjusting for covariates, results showed that city size, Family affluence score, economic status, parents' education level, living with parents, school type, and school achievement were related to increased an proportion of adolescents who smoked. Conclusion: In conclusion, rural living is a determinant of smoking among boys. Tobacco control programs should recognize differences in living conditions between rural and urban areas.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.67-78
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• 1990

Though children are imperfect and immature in themselves, they have their own merits and characteristics, so that they should not be appreciated by the adult's own viewpoints. The needs of a child are obviously different from those of an adolescent or an adult. Therfore we should understand their mentality and psychology in order to give desirable outdoor space to them. In this study, children's view of outdoor environment was studied by analyzing the painting of object elementary school students of one and the other urbanizations and schooling years and different schooling years also. The data were drawn from 182 children of two different urbanization levels. The urbanization level was standardized with urban area(Taegu), and rural area(Jukjang - myon). According to the research, more area of garden was exprssed In paintings of urban children. House was expressed vy far more frequently in paintings of rural childrin than in those of urban dwellers. The children of urban expressed recreation facilities more frequently within their garden. It reflected the limitation of play space for them, As a result, the preference fur outdoor 7pare of children should by considered in Planning space for them.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.411-419
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• 2015

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This study analyzed factors affecting consumption frequencies of vegetables and fruits in Korean adolescents. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Consumption frequencies of vegetables and fruits, general characteristics, meal, health, and other variables were analyzed for a total of 147,047 adolescents who participated in the KYRBWS (Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey) conducted in 2006 and 2011 by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. RESULTS: Consumption frequencies of vegetables and fruits more than once a day significantly decreased in 2011 compared to 2006 based on Chi-square test conducted for every factor employed in the study. Analysis of factors showed that consumption frequencies of vegetables and fruits were reduced in both study years as subjective income decreased, whereas intake frequencies increased with mother's education level and reduction of adolescent stress level. CONCLUSIONS: In general, consumption frequencies of vegetables and fruits decreased in 2011 compared to those in 2006. Thus, future research needs to improve dietary guidelines for nutrition education in order for students to recognize the importance of food consumption and necessity of increasing daily serving sizes of vegetables and fruits for their balanced consumption.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.73-99
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• 2011

As multicultural family gradually increased, our society is changing towards multicultural society. This study tried to identify the factors related with social distance of adolescent of multicultural family. The participants were 568 middle school students living in S city, D and H county in Chungnam province. Data for the study were analyzed by frequency, mean comparison, correlation and regression analysis. The study results were summarized as follows. First, there were significant differences in social distance according to gender, school record, and place of residence. Second, there were significant differences in social distance according to degree of intimacy between general adolescents. Third, as a result of correlation analysis, the lower self-esteem was, the lower value orientation was, the lower cultural diversity was; the higher social distance is. Accordingly, social distance for adolescents had negative correlations with self-esteem, value orientation, and cultural diversity. Fourth, variables affecting social distance were gender, school record, family composition, place of residence, friend from multicultural family, intention to be a friend, experience of overseas travel, self-esteem, value orientation, cultural diversity. Among them, intention to be a friend was a main predictor.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.27-40
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• 1999

The purposes of this study are to measure the prevalence of parental violence toward adolescents and to explore the predictors based on a data gathered from a sample of adolescents. A total of 1,451 adolescents attending middle and high school in Seoul and rural area completed a structured questionnaire. The results show that about 32% of the respondents are physically assaulted by their father and/or mother for the past year. A logistic analysis shows that adolescents are more likely to experience parental violence when their parents have frequent marital conflicts and when parents use violence between themselves than the adolescent whose parents have no frequent spousal conflict and no domestic violence. The results also show that the age of adolescents and the changes in the level of academic achievement are significant predictors of adolescents'experience of parental violence. The probability of experiencing parental violence was lowered as age increased. When adolescent had a significant drop in school achievement, the probability of experiencing parental violence increased. Based on these findings, research and policy implications to reduce and prevent the family violence toward adolescents are discussed.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.213-221
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to examine factors affecting suicidal ideation among female late adolescents from a Korean rural province. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional design involving self-reported questionnaires was used. The data were collected from female adolescents aged 18 to 22 years, from high schools, universities, churches, and local community centers. The sample consisted of 197 female late adolescents from three rural areas in Korea. The Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale and the Suicidal Ideation Scale were used to measure depression and suicidal ideation, respectively. Results: Suicidal ideation was correlated with having a specific suicide plan (r=.65, p<.001), depression (r=.39, p<.001), subjective well-being (r=-.46, p<.001), ever experienced violence (r=.15, p=.029), and age (r=-.21, p=.003). Factors affecting suicidal ideation among rural female adolescents were having a specific suicide plan (β=.56, p<.001), subjective well-being (β=-.23, p=.001), and suicide of a close person (β=.12, p=.035). These factors explained 48.0% of the variance in suicidal ideation (F=37.62, p<.001). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that affective factors and personal experiences regarding suicide were critical indicators for suicidal ideation among female late adolescents. These factors should be managed and tailored nursing interventions should be offered to prevent suicide and to enhance the psychiatric health status of female late adolescents.